ABSTRACT
Few studies have been conducted in Jordan related to health care associated bloodstream infections [HCABSIs]. This study aims to examine epidemiology of HCABSIs among hospitalized adult patients in Jordan. A cohort study [N = 570; 445 confirmed HCABSIs, 125 uninfected patients] with a nested 1:1 matched case-control design [n = 125 in each group] was used based on data from one large referral hospital in Jordan over a period of 5 years. HCABSI cases were determined based on confirmed positive blood culture after 48 h of admission. The case-control analyses [n = 250 per group] matched on gender, age, same admission month and unit. The overall incidence and mortality rates were 8.1 and 5.8 per 1000 admissions, respectively. Four-variable and three-variable multivariate models were proposed to explain the risk of HCABSIs in the matched analyses .The four-variable model consists of blood product [OR = 24.5], invasive procedures [OR = 4.3], renal failure [OR = 9.2], and presence of other infections [OR = 21.6]. The three-variable model consists of recipient of blood product [OR = 19.7], invasive procedures [OR = 4.5], and renal failure [OR = 9.4]. This study is a pioneer study that examined risk factors, the associated HCABSIs in Jordan. Results from this study can be used to influence infection control plans in Jordan