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1.
Braz. j. infect. dis ; 27(1): 102734, 2023. tab
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1420730

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is the main etiological factor for the development of cervical cancer. HPV 18 is the second most frequent type, accounting for up to 65% of all cases. HPV intratypic variation may influence the potential for progression to invasive cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of human papillomavirus 18 intratypic variants in cervical cancer samples from women in the state of Maranhão, Brazil. Methods The study included 118 women over 18 years of age with a diagnosis of cervical cancer. Tumor fragments were collected and subjected to DNA extraction and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for HPV detection using the PGMY09/11 and GP+5/6 primers. Positive samples were submitted to automated sequencing for viral genotyping. To determine the HPV 18 lineages, positive samples were submitted to PCR, using specific primers to amplify the LCR and E6 regions of HPV 18 virus. Results HPV was present in 88 women (73.3%). Of those, 48 (54%) were HPV 16, the most prevalent, followed by 12 (13.6%) HPV 18. Histologically, squamous cell carcinoma was predominant (79.1%). Among the HPV 18 variants identified, 10 (80%) belonged to lineage A, and sublineages A1, A2, A3, and A4. Two (29%) HPV 18 B variant was also detected, with the sublineages B1 and B2. In this study, the C variant was not found. There was no statistically significant association between the HPV 18 lineages found and sociodemographic and lifestyle variables (p > 0.05). Conclusions A higher frequency of HPV 16 and 18 were found in women with cervical cancer in the state of Maranhão, Brazil, with a high prevalence of the lineage A among women with HPV 18.

2.
Imaging Science in Dentistry ; : 25-31, 2017.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-147789

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic accuracy of previously trained endodontists in the detection of artificially created periapical lesions using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and digital periapical radiography (DPR). MATERIALS AND METHODS: An ex vivo model using dry skulls was used, in which simulated apical lesions were created and then progressively enlarged using #1/2, #2, #4, and #6 round burs. A total of 11 teeth were included in the study, and 110 images were obtained with CBCT and with an intraoral digital periapical radiographic sensor (Instrumentarium dental, Tuusula, Finland) initially and after each bur was used. Specificity and sensitivity were calculated. All images were evaluated by 10 previously trained, certified endodontists. Agreement was calculated using the kappa coefficient. The accuracy of each method in detecting apical lesions was calculated using the chi-square test. RESULTS: The kappa coefficient between examiners showed low agreement (range, 0.17-0.64). No statistical difference was found between CBCT and DPR in teeth without apical lesions (P=.15). The accuracy for CBCT was significantly higher than for DPR in all corresponding simulated lesions (P<.001). The correct diagnostic rate for CBCT ranged between 56.9% and 73.6%. The greatest difference between CBCT and DPR was seen in the maxillary teeth (CBCT, 71.4%; DPR, 28.6%; P<.01) and multi-rooted teeth (CBCT, 83.3%; DPR, 33.3%; P<.01). CONCLUSION: CBCT allowed higher accuracy than DPR in detecting simulated lesions for all simulated lesions tested. Endodontists need to be properly trained in interpreting CBCT scans to achieve higher diagnostic accuracy.


Subject(s)
Humans , Cone-Beam Computed Tomography , Dentists , Methods , Periapical Periodontitis , Pilot Projects , Radiography , Radiography, Dental, Digital , Sensitivity and Specificity , Skull , Tooth
3.
Rev. bras. odontol ; 73(3): 212-217, Jul.-Set. 2016. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-844031

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: O objetivo da presente revisão de literatura foi discutir a relação entre a infecção secundária e a infecção persistente e o insucesso endodôntico. Material e Métodos: Foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica abrangendo artigos de revisão e de pesquisa, a partir de buscas em bases de dados SciELO, Periodicos CAPES, PubMed e MedLine utilizando os seguintes descritores: endodontia, periodontite periapical, infecção. Foram incluídos artigos publicados no período de 1990 a 2016 e escritos nas línguas inglesa e portuguesa. Além disso, os artigos foram selecionados após a leitura do seu resumo e a verificação da adequação do mesmo ao conteúdoa dessa revisão. Resultados: A literatura atual parece concordar que a desinfecção inadequada do sistema de canais radiculares e mecanismos de adaptação e resistência microbiana desempenham papel importante no insucesso endodôntico. Porém, a mesma ainda é controversa com relação ao papel do E. faecalis nesses casos de insucesso. Conclusão: Pode-se concluir, dentro das limitações do presente estudo, que o respeito às técnicas endodônticas é fundamental para obter sucesso e que novos estudos, utilizando proteômica, podem contribuir para esclarecer quais os principais micro-organismos envolvidos, bem como seu mecanismo de ação.


Objective: The aim of the present literature review was to discuss the relationship between secondary infections and persistent infections and endodontic treatment failure. Materials and Methods: We conducted a literature search including review articles and original research by searching the SciELO, Periódicos CAPES, PubMed and Medline databases using the following descriptors: endodontics, apical periodontitis, and infection. We included articles that were published between 1990 and 2016, and written in either English or Portuguese. Articles were selected after reading their abstracts and verifying their relevance to the review content. Results: The current literature seems to agree that inadequate disinfection of the root canal system, along with mechanisms of bacterial adaptation and resistance play an important role in endodontic treatment failure. However, there is still controversy regarding the role of Enterococcus faecalis in these failures. Conclusion: From the present study's findings, we can conclude that strict compliance to the proper endodontic techniques is fundamental for treatment success. Additionally, we believe that further studies using proteomic techniques may help fill the gaps regarding the main microorganisms associated with endodontic treatment failure as well as their mechanisms of action.

4.
ImplantNewsPerio ; 1(1): 135-140, jan.-fev. 2016. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-847007

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: fazer um levantamento epidemiológico da prevalência de doenças periodontais em pacientes hipertensos. Material e métodos: entre março de 2007 e março de 2009, pacientes do Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia tiveram seus registros médicos examinados. A avaliação periodontal foi realizada por um profissional previamente calibrado e incluiu os seguintes parâmetros: índice de placa, índice de sangramento, profundidade de bolsa, e nível de inserção clínica. O nível de doença periodontal foi classificado conforme os critérios da AAP (1999). Resultados: 170 pacientes hipertensos primários graves, resistentes ao tratamento anti-hipertensivo, foram examinados. A média de idade foi 54 anos (faixa de 39-78 anos). Destes, 14% possuíam diabetes. O número de dentes presentes foi igual a 16 (faixa de 0-30). O percentual de sítios com placa visível e sangramento a sondagem foi, em média, 60% e 43%, respectivamente. Todos os pacientes examinados apresentavam perda de inserção decorrente da progressão da periodontite. Com relação ao diagnóstico da condição periodontal, 91% dos pacientes apresentavam periodontite crônica avançada, 6% apresentavam periodontite leve/moderada e 3% eram desdentados totais. Conclusão: dentro das limitações do presente estudo, foi possível concluir que a amostra composta de indivíduos portadores de hipertensão arterial primaria resistente apresenta uma prevalência de doenças periodontais destrutivas (periodontite) muito mais alta do que as descritas na literatura para indivíduos normotensos ou sem doenças cardiovasculares. Tais achados contribuem para reforçar a hipótese da existência de uma associação entre doenças periodontais (periodontite) e hipertensão arterial.


Objective: to make an epidemiologic survey on the prevalence of periodontal diseases for hypertensive patients. Material and methods: between March 2007 and March 2009, patients from the National Institute of Cardiology ­ Brazil had their medical records screened. The periodontal evaluation was made by a calibrated professional and included the following parameters: plaque index (PI), bleeding index (BOP), pocket probing depth (PPD), and the clinical attachment level (CAL). The level of the disease was classifi ed according the AAP guidelines (1999). Results: 170 patients having primary, resistant severe hypertension were examined. The mean age was 54 years (39-78 years). From these, 14% presented a diabetic condition. The mean number of residual dentition was 16 (0-30). The percentage of sites with visible plaque and BOP was 60% and 43%, respectively. All patients presented loss of periodontal attachment due to the progression of periodontitis. Regarding the periodontal condition, 91% of patients had advanced chronic periodontitis, 6% mild/moderate periodontitis, and 3% were completely edentulous. Conclusion: within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that the prevalence of destructive periodontal disease in this sample of primary resistant hypertensive patients is higher than what can be found in the literature patients with no cardiovascular diseases. Such fi ndings contribute to reinforce the hypothesis of an association between periodontal diseases (periodontitis) and arterial hypertension.


Subject(s)
Humans , Hypertension , Mouth Diseases/diagnosis , Periodontal Diseases/epidemiology , Periodontics
5.
Rev. bras. odontol ; 72(1/2): 16-19, Jan.-Jun. 2015. ilus, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-792053

ABSTRACT

A periodontite apical é uma doença de origem bacteriana que ativa a liberação local de mediadores pró-inflamatórios capazes de induzir a produção hepática de proteínas de fase aguda, como a proteína C-reativa (CRP). Mesmo pequenos aumentos nos níveis séricos de CRP já estão associados com o aumento do risco cardiovascular. Há na literatura vários estudos avaliando a correlação entre doença periodontal, marcadores inflamatórios (como CRP e IL6) e doenças cardiovasculares, entretanto poucos estudos têm estudado uma possível associação entre a periodontite apical crônica ou história de tratamento endodôntico e doença cardiovascular. O objetivo desta revisão foi investigar as evidências atuais em relação à possível associação entre periodontite apical crônica e o aumento dos níveis séricos de CRP.


Apical periodontitis is a bacteria-induced disease that activates the localized release of pro-inflammatory mediators capable of inducing the production of acute-phase proteins (like C-reactive protein) by the liver. Even mild elevations of serum levels of CRP are associated with higher cardiovascular risk. Literature shows many studies that evaluates the correlation between periodontal disease, inflammatory markers (like CRP and IL6) and cardiovascular diseases. However, few studies have assessed the possible association between chronic apical periodontitis or history of endodontic treatment and cardiovascular diseases. The aim of the present review was to assess the current evidence regarding the possible association between chronic apical periodontitis and elevation of serum CRP.


Subject(s)
Periapical Periodontitis , Periodontal Diseases , C-Reactive Protein , Protein C , Cardiovascular Diseases , Inflammation , Bacteria
6.
Rio de Janeiro; s.n; 2011. 90 p. tab.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-673679

ABSTRACT

Evidências recentes sugerem que as doenças periodontais podem desempenhar um papel relevante na etiologia e patogênese de doenças cardiovasculares e hipertensão arterial. A resposta inflamatória, com conseqüente elevação de marcadores sistêmicos como proteína C-reativa, fibrinogênio e interleucina-6, e a disfunção endotelial, podem ser os responsáveis por essa associação. Alguns estudos têm relatado maiores níveis pressóricos, maior massa ventricular esquerda e disfunção endotelial em pacientes com doenças periodontais. Ao mesmo tempo, estudos clínicos vêm mostrando que a terapia periodontal pode levar à redução dos níveis plasmáticos dos marcadores de inflamação e redução do risco cardiovascular. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos da terapia periodontal não-cirúrgica em 26 pacientes (idade média de 53.6±8.0 anos) hipertensos refratários. Foram avaliados marcadores plasmáticos de inflamação (proteína C-reativa, fibrinogênio e interleucina-6), pressão arterial sistólica e diastólica, massa ventricular esquerda e rigidez arterial. A terapia periodontal foi eficaz na redução da média de todos os marcadores de risco cardiovascular avaliados. Os níveis de proteína C-reativa baixaram 0.7mg/dl 6 meses após a terapia periodontal, os de IL-6, 1.6pg/dl e os de fibrinogênio 55.3mg/dl (p<0.01). A pressão arterial sistólica apresentou redução média de 16.7mmHg e a diastólica de 9.6mmHg. A massa ventricular esquerda diminuiu em média 12.9g e a velocidade da onda de pulso, um marcador de rigidez arterial, e consequentemente de disfunção endotelial, apresentou redução de seus valores médios de 0.9m/s (p<0.01). Dessa forma, conclui-se que a terapia periodontal foi eficaz na redução dos níveis de proteína C-reativa, interleucina-6, fibrinogênio, pressão arterial, massa ventricular esquerda e rigidez arterial.


Recent evidences suggest that periodontal diseases may play a relevant role in the etiology and pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases and hypertension. The inflammatory response, and the consequent elevation of systemic markers such as C-reactive protein, fibrinogen and interleukin-6, and endothelial dysfunction, may be responsible for this association. Some studies have reported higher blood pressure levels, left ventricle mass and endothelial dysfunction in patients presenting periodontal diseases. At the same time, clinical trials have been showing that periodontal therapy can lead to the reduction of plasmatic levels of inflammatory markers and reduction of the cardiovascular risk. The present study aims to evaluate the effects of non-surgical periodontal therapy in 26 patients (mean age: 53.6±8.0 years old) diagnosed as having refractory hypertension. The study measured plasmatic markers of inflammation (C-reactive protein, fibrinogen and interleukin-6), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, left ventricle mass and arterial stiffness. Periodontal therapy was effective in reducing all cardiovascular risk markers evaluated. The levels of C-reactive protein lowered 0.7mg/dl 6 months after periodontal therapy, the IL-6 levels, 1.6pg/dl and fibrinogen levels 55.3mg/dl (p<0.01). Systolic blood pressure lowered 16.7mmHg and diastolic 9.6mmHg (means). Left ventricle mass lowered 12.9g (means) and pulse wave velocity, a marker of arterial stiffness, and consequently endothelial dysfunction, presented reduction of 0.9m/s (means) (p<0.01). So, the study conclusion is that periodontal therapy was effective in reducing levels of C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, fibrinogen, blood pressure, left ventricle mass and arterial stiffness.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Periodontal Diseases/therapy , Hypertension , Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular , Inflammation , C-Reactive Protein , Periodontal Diseases/epidemiology , Fibrinogen , Gingivitis , Hypertension/classification , Hypertension/diagnosis , Periodontitis
7.
Rio de Janeiro; s.n; 2011. 90 p. tab.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-866124

ABSTRACT

Evidências recentes sugerem que as doenças periodontais podem desempenhar um papel relevante na etiologia e patogênese de doenças cardiovasculares e hipertensão arterial. A resposta inflamatória, com conseqüente elevação de marcadores sistêmicos como proteína C-reativa, fibrinogênio e interleucina-6, e a disfunção endotelial, podem ser os responsáveis por essa associação. Alguns estudos têm relatado maiores níveis pressóricos, maior massa ventricular esquerda e disfunção endotelial em pacientes com doenças periodontais. Ao mesmo tempo, estudos clínicos vêm mostrando que a terapia periodontal pode levar à redução dos níveis plasmáticos dos marcadores de inflamação e redução do risco cardiovascular. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos da terapia periodontal não-cirúrgica em 26 pacientes (idade média de 53.6±8.0 anos) hipertensos refratários. Foram avaliados marcadores plasmáticos de inflamação (proteína C-reativa, fibrinogênio e interleucina-6), pressão arterial sistólica e diastólica, massa ventricular esquerda e rigidez arterial. A terapia periodontal foi eficaz na redução da média de todos os marcadores de risco cardiovascular avaliados. Os níveis de proteína C-reativa baixaram 0.7mg/dl 6 meses após a terapia periodontal, os de IL-6, 1.6pg/dl e os de fibrinogênio 55.3mg/dl (p<0.01). A pressão arterial sistólica apresentou redução média de 16.7mmHg e a diastólica de 9.6mmHg. A massa ventricular esquerda diminuiu em média 12.9g e a velocidade da onda de pulso, um marcador de rigidez arterial, e consequentemente de disfunção endotelial, apresentou redução de seus valores médios de 0.9m/s (p<0.01). Dessa forma, conclui-se que a terapia periodontal foi eficaz na redução dos níveis de proteína C-reativa, interleucina-6, fibrinogênio, pressão arterial, massa ventricular esquerda e rigidez arterial


Recent evidences suggest that periodontal diseases may play a relevant role in the etiology and pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases and hypertension. The inflammatory response, and the consequent elevation of systemic markers such as C-reactive protein, fibrinogen and interleukin-6, and endothelial dysfunction, may be responsible for this association. Some studies have reported higher blood pressure levels, left ventricle mass and endothelial dysfunction in patients presenting periodontal diseases. At the same time, clinical trials have been showing that periodontal therapy can lead to the reduction of plasmatic levels of inflammatory markers and reduction of the cardiovascular risk. The present study aims to evaluate the effects of non-surgical periodontal therapy in 26 patients (mean age: 53.6±8.0 years old) diagnosed as having refractory hypertension. The study measured plasmatic markers of inflammation (C-reactive protein, fibrinogen and interleukin-6), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, left ventricle mass and arterial stiffness. Periodontal therapy was effective in reducing all cardiovascular risk markers evaluated. The levels of C-reactive protein lowered 0.7mg/dl 6 months after periodontal therapy, the IL-6 levels, 1.6pg/dl and fibrinogen levels 55.3mg/dl (p<0.01). Systolic blood pressure lowered 16.7mmHg and diastolic 9.6mmHg (means). Left ventricle mass lowered 12.9g (means) and pulse wave velocity, a marker of arterial stiffness, and consequently endothelial dysfunction, presented reduction of 0.9m/s (means) (p<0.01). So, the study conclusion is that periodontal therapy was effective in reducing levels of C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, fibrinogen, blood pressure, left ventricle mass and arterial stiffness


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Periodontal Diseases/therapy , Hypertension , Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular , Inflammation , C-Reactive Protein , Periodontal Diseases/epidemiology , Fibrinogen , Gingivitis , Hypertension/classification , Hypertension/diagnosis , Periodontitis
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