Prevalence of celiac disease in patients with irritable bowel syndrome in Ardabil-Iran [2009-10]

Irritable bowel syndrome [IBS] is the most prevalent gastrointestinal disorder and is one the common conditions seen by gastroenterologists in their daily practice. This study was done to determine the prevalence of celiac disease in patients with irritable bowel syndrome in Ardabil-Iran. This descriptive study was conducted on 105 patients with IBS whome referred to the gastroenterology unit in Ardabil-Iran during 2009-10. Serum IgA anti tTG were measured all patients with positive for antibodies against tTG were candidated for upper endoscopy and biopsy. Data were analyzed using SPSS-16, t-test, Chi-Square and Fisher's exact tests. The average age of IBS subjects were 31.4 +/- 10.14 years [range 16-63 years]. Celiac disease was diagnosed in 14 subjects [13.5%]. The celiac patient age were 22-55 years with mean of 34.93_9.47. Among celiac afflicted patients IBS type D and M observed among 10 and 4 patients, respectivley. Celiac affected female constituted 12 [85.7%] of all patients [P<0.05]. 10 of these patients were IBS-D and 4 with IBS-M. From 14 celiac patient 4 [28.57%] were family related, but this rate among IBS patient was 3.3%, this difference was significant [P<0.05]. This study showed that the prevalence of celiac in patients with IBS is found to be 13.5% which seem is more than ther studies in other parts of Iran

[Comparison of prone and supine positions on oxygenation of premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome treated with nasal CPAP in Tabriz Alzahra hospital, 2010, Tabriz, Iran]

Results of many studies suggest that prone position is effective in improving oxygenation. This study aims at comparing supine and prone positions on oxygenation of premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome who are under N-CPAP treatment. This study was conducted as a cross-sectional study on 44 premature infants of 29-34 weeks gestation who were under N-CPAP treatment in NICU of Tabriz Alzahra Hospital, 2010. The infants were randomly divided into 2 groups. The position of the first group was at first, prone and then supine, and for the second group was vice versa. Arterial oxygen saturation [SatO2] and fraction of inspired oxygen [FiO2] were assessed in each position for 30 minutes and were recorded in a questionnaire. The data was analyzed by one-way ANOVA and repeated measures ANOVA. Statistical significance was considered at p<0.05. This study showed that there was a significant statistical difference between SatO2 and FiO2 in both groups in each two positions [p<0.05] and the results of variance analysis were significant [p=0.000], So that satO2 increased and FiO2 decreased when the position changed from supine to prone. This study showed that in premature infants under N-CPAP treatment, SatO2 increased and consequently, FiO2 decreased in prone position compared to supine position. Therefore, if there is no limitation for changing infants' position, prone position can be used to improve oxygenation during N-CPAP treatment

[Study on the electrical charging effect the water droplets in spray tower scrubber efficiency on removal feldspar particles]

One of the modern ways introduced nowadays for the increase of the collection efficiency of particulate, is the use of electric charge in wet scrubbers. These systems can be used in places in which scrubbers can be used for contaminant collection. In fact, this system only increases the collection efficiency, and it is not a new technology for contaminant collection. First, according to ACGIH recommendation for pilot study a ventilation system was designed and installed. Later, water DC was charged by using an electric exchanger. [1275 Volt, DC] and product 3x 1014 electron on system. Air velocity in duct determined by Pitottube and pressure drop and speed Equations, and calculated sampling prop diameter with isokinetic condition consideration. Samples in the two flow rates of 20.3 and 11.4 liters per minute were made and overall 72 samples were collected. Sample analysis according to weight and data analysis using SPSS software was used. The collection efficiency of inhalable particles in the flow rate of 20.3 liter per minute in a non-electric intervention, and electric intervention with positive and negative charge was 66, 77.67 and 73 percent and in the flow rate of 11.4 liters per minute 60, 69.43 and 68.32 percent respectively. for non-inhalable particles the efficiency in the flow rate 20.3 liters per minute in a non-electric intervention and electric intervention with positive and negative charge was 94.67, 98.33 and 97.67 percent, and in the flow charge of 11/4 liters per minute the flow charge was 91.33, 95, and 97.33 percent respectively. The results obtained from the experiments, showed that in a certain flow rate, electric intervention increases the efficiency of inhalable particle collection. By the way, this electric intervention has no significant effect on non-inhalable particle collection. Also, the effect of electric intervention with positive charge, is higher than electric intervention with negative charge, and with the increase of water flow rate there is an increase in the collection efficiency of the inhalable and non-inhalable feldspar particles

[Microbiological factors in burn wound infection in patients hospitalized in Zanjan]

Burns are one of the factors that not only damage the skin but also are associated with bacterial infections. Immune suppression, delay in referring patients to hospital, length of stay in hospital, invasive diagnostic and therapeutic procedures are of the most factors causing burn injuries to be exposed to multiple infections. The aim of current cross sectional analytic descriptive study was to investigate microbial agents that cause burn infections in patients hospitalized due to burns in Hospital of Ayatollah Mosavi in Zanjan, Iran [2010]. Seventy patients were selected randomly in this study. Data were collected as follow: a] Questionnaires which contained demographic information of the patients and information related to burns. B] Check list for recording burn- wound infection symptoms. C] A special sheet for recording burn wound culture results conducted through wound swabs. Wounds were observed daily and the presence and absence of signs of infection were recorded. Data were analyzed by SPSS and chisquare test. P<0.05 was considered significant. In 68.6% patients have found infections. The culture test showed that main microbial germ that causing wound infection was Pseudomonas. The wound results showed that there were a significant relationship between wound positive culture and the time patients referred to hospital and self-treatment before hospitalization. The most common cause of burns was fire [54.3%] and hot water [40%] respectively. Regarding the results of this study, pseudomonas was the main cause of wound infections. As it is resistance to most antibiotic treatments, there is a vital need for preventing the spread of infection in hospitalized patients

[ studying and analysis the decree of dissection according to Shiite jurisprudence viewpoint with approach to Imam Khomeini's view]

Following the development of medical science new problems have emerged in this discipline that such as miscarriage, change of sexuality, dissection, artificial insemination, and selling blood. Muslim physicians are interested to know the religious decrees of these issues. This paper is an attempt to study the issue of dissection. According to Shiah jurisprudents, dissection was illegal in its earlier decree, for dissection undermines the reverence of a corpse. But according to the secondary decree, it is lawful in certain cases. By virtue of jurisprudents, decree it is obligatory to maintain the reverence of a corpse, at the same time, the rescue of man's life is also obligatory. Considering the aforesaid conflict the rescue of man's life is more important. In this paper the legality of dissection will be discussed

Concomitant cryptococcosis and burkholderia infection in an asymptomatic lung transplant patient with cystic fibrosis

Concomitant pulmonary infections with Cryptococcus neoformans and Burkholderia cepacia in lung transplant recipients are very rare and create unique diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas. Herein, we present a double lung transplant patient with cystic fibrosis who was found to have coinfection with these two rare organisms, though he was completely asymptomatic

Study of school noise in the capital city of Tehran-Iran

Noise pollution has a detrimental effect upon the learning and attainments of school children. Poor acoustical condition and high noise levels can cause many problems for the instructors and students. The acoustical indices and conditions of classrooms are important factors in the learning achievement of students. The purpose of this study was to find the relations of noise levels in indoor/outdoor and acoustical conditions of classrooms. Noise measurements and acoustical indices of 244 classrooms in 90 random samples consisting of primary, secondary and high schools in Tehran were considered. It was found that the average equivalent noise levels inside classrooms and corridors, yards and street sides in teaching condition were 72 dB[A], 65.8 dB[A], 64.1 dB[A] and 64.5 dB[A], respectively. Deference between mean indoor LAeq and background noise level in teaching conditions [above 32 dB] indicates that outdoor district noise sources could not significant affect indoor noise levels [P = 0.521]. Comparison of means between equivalent noise level in classrooms of boy schools with girl schools showed a significant difference [P=0.0001]. For the case of classrooms in primary, secondary and high school this Comparison had a significant deference [P=0.0001]. Site selection, improving acoustic quality, controlling opening in doors and windows and educating noise reduction for studied schools were proposed

[ comparative study of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and extrapulmonary tuberculosis in Kashan during 2002-7]

Background: many studies have shown that the extra-pulmonary tuberculosis is growing compared to the pulmonary one. This study was carried out on under-treatment TB patients in order to evaluate the comparison of pulmonary and extra pulmonary TBs in kashan

Materials and Methods: the study was carried out on available data and the medical documents of TB patients treated in "Kashan TB Center" during a five year-period [2002-7]. All relevant data regarding the treatment were collected based on the definition presented by "Iranian Defense Guidelines against TB"

Results: one-hundred and three [52.6%] female and 93 [47.4%] male TB patients were studied 89 [45.4%] of who were Iranian and 107 [54.6%] was Afghani. The prevalence of pulmonary and extra-pulmonary cases were 130 [66.3%] and 66 [33.7%], respectively. The highest number of pulmonary TB was 72[55.38%] cases in female and extra-pulmonary TB was 35[53.04%] cases in males. Forty-six [69.6%] of extra-pulmonary patients completed their treatment period and 71[54.6%] of pulmonary patients were recovered completely. The most common clinical signs in pulmonary TB and in extra pulmonary TB were coughing [90%], sputum [87.6%] and weight loss [59.1%], night sweating [40.9%], respectively. The highest prevalent foci for extra-pulmonary TB were lymph nodes [19 [28.7%] cases] and bone [12[18.18%] cases]

Conclusions: the study showed that the prevalence of extra-pulmonary TB is one third of all TB cases. Therefore in the evaluation of non-specific findings of patients, TB must be considered

Noise induced hearing loss and its relationship with dose and exposure length

Noise Induced Hearing Loss [NIHL] is an important occupational disorder and the protection of workers against noise is essential. To evaluate the noise induced hearing loss and also presenting a statistical model based on effective variables such as the duration of employment and dose of received noise. This study was carried out on workers of a cleaners manufacturing industry. The study group composed of 209 subjects who were sleeted out of a total of 400 workers. The hearing loss was measured after rejection of age related loss. Following elimination of the effect of ear protective device, the dose of pure received noise for each subject was determined. Finding: The results indicated that the noise pressure level in different parts of the manufacturing unit was 76-107 dBA. The mean of employment duration, dose of pure received noise and total permanent hearing loss were 9.9 +/- 6.9, 135.4 +/- 11.51, and 12.52 +/- 4.1, respectively. The regression analysis of results showed that there was a direct and positive correlation between permanent hearing loss, dose of noise and the duration of employment [r=0.84, r2=0.77]. This was a significant correlation for both right [r=0.77, r2=0.6] and left ears [r=0.8, r2=0.64]. The survey of hearing loss in both ears showed that the hearing loss in left ear was greater than that in right ear. Regarding the data obtained in our study, models for calculating the either, left or Right hearing loss, were recommended by determining dose and the duration of employment in study group. Considering the NIHL, the necessity for improvement of controlling and protection measures is of prime importance

[Frequency of sensory and motor nerve injuries after maxillo-facial trauma]

One of the most common complications of trauma to maxillofacial region is nerve injuries of sensory and motor branches of the nerve V and VII in the face. The aim of this article was to study the relative prevalence of injuries of sensory part of nerve V and motor part of nerve VII. The research was descriptive analytic and information were collected by clinical observation. Samples consisted of 384 individuals refereing to Alzahra and Kashani hospitals, collected information were described by descriptive statistics methods and chi statistical test. Motor and sensory nerve involvement in maxillofacial trauma were evaluated in 384 trauma patients. The most frequent nerve damage was sensory part of the nerve V [51.3%] and the next frequent nerve damage was motor part of the nerve VII five patients [1.3%] had both of these two type of injuries. Maxillo-facial nerve injuries specially nerves V and VII were the frequent complications of maxillofacial region. Infra-orbital branch of the nerve V and buccal branch of the nerve VII were most affected. Vigilant clinical examination and early diagnosis of the nerve injuries will guide patients towards proper treatment and prevention of complications