[Evaluation of patients' satisfaction of departments in Islamic Azad University Dental branch, in 2009]

Patient satisfaction is one of the most important factors to improve the quality of educational centers thus increasing patient referral and promote practical training of the students. To now in this faculty no such study has been done, so this research aimed to evaluate patients' satisfaction from dental care given in different departments of Tehran faculty of dentistry, Islamic Azad University year1387. In this cross sectional study 1500 subjects who referred consequently were selected from clinics with the same proportional ratio of patient referral to every clinic. After explanation of project to every subject through interview, satisfaction was estimated by 13 questions about distant way, waiting time, treatment duration with a range of 3 options of completely satisfied, relatively satisfied, dissatisfied and ranking of 0, 1, 2. Total rank less than 1/3 was known as dissatisfied, between 1/3-2/3 as relatively satisfied, and higher than 2/3 as satisfied. The role of related factors was subjected to chi-square statistics. 71% of all subjects spoke out satisfaction, 27.5% were relatively satisfied, and 1.5% dissatisfied. The prevalence of dissatisfaction in the population was estimated from 26.7% to 31.3%. The most dissatisfaction was related to removable denture patients:64.7% and the least was in oral surgery clinic :13.5% [p<0.05]. The most dissatisfaction factor was long distance and waiting room ambiance but the least dissatisfaction was about student behavior, hygiene and professors behavior. The satisfaction level of patients in Tehran dental faculty of Islamic Azad University was acceptable but according to presence of dissatisfaction in patients and its consequences, appropriate improvements are recommended

Prevalence and outcome of the macrosomic infants

The birth weight is one of the important factors affecting the perinatal morbidity and mortality. Fetal macrosomia is associated with increased risks of cesarean section and trauma. To determine prevalence and outcome of the macrosomic infants, this case-control, prospective study is performed in the two university hospitals in Tehran during a 36- month period between 2002 through 2004. 1000 neonates with birth weight of at least 4000g [<90[th] centile] constituted the case group. Another 2000 Cases amongst the newborns delivered in the same period between 2500 and 3999g [10[th]-90[th] centile] formed the control group. A total of 17236 deliveries occurred during the study period. The prevalence of macrosomic deliveries was 5.8 and prevalence of the deliveries [>4500g or heavier] was 0.84%. The mean birth weight of study group was 4254 +/- 215 and 3245 +/- 310g of control group [P<0.001].While the cesarean section rate was 35.2% for study group and it was 18.5% for the control group [P<0.001] in the study group. 16 cases of clavicular fracture [1.6%], 13 cases of brachial plexus palsy [1.3%], [P<0.00l]. No perinatal mortality was recorded in two groups. There were 12 cases [1.2%] of asphyxia related to delivery in the study group [P<0.01]. The rate of maternal complication, were significantly higher in the study group [p<0.01]. The macrosomic infants are in increased risk for birth trauma and asphyxia. The risk of birth trauma for the infants weighing 4500g or more is even greater. The majority of factors which lead to the delivery of macrosomic infants are preventable

[Isolation and characterization of streptomyces in composted Iranian soil, using chemotaxonomy]

The Actinomycetes are gram-positive organisms that tend to grow slowly as branching filaments. They were thought to be related to both bacteria and fungi, but in recent years it has been undoubtedly shown that they are prokaryotic organisms. Actinomycetes have proved to be causal agents of many human and animal infections. They also play as an important rule in producing new antibiotic agents. Fifty soil samples collected from different regions of the country were analyzed to determine the presence and types of antibiotic-producing Streptomycetes using dilution plating method. Starch casein agar and glucose yeast extract agar were used as the culture media. 88 selected organisms from 140 isolates were subjected to chemotaxonomy determination. The isomeric form of diaminopimelic acid [DAP] was determined by thin-layer chromatography [TLC] of hydrolyzed whole-organism preparations. A sample of the hydrolysated extract was applied as a 2[cm] band from the base of the TLC plates. A standard containing meso and LL-DAP was also run at both sides of the sheet for comparison with test mixtures. The plates were developed for about 3 [1/2] hours in a glass tank containing 40 ml methanol, 2 ml 6Mol HCl, 5ml Pyridine, and 13 ml water. DAP appears as green/brown spots, changing to yellowish with time. The LL-DAP, meso-DAP and hydroxy-DAP isomers have approximate R[f] values. Approximately 97% of test strains contained LL-DAP and the remaining 3%, contained meso-DAP. This study demonstrated a wide variety of Streptomycetes bacteria isolates which are capable to produce antibiotics and TLC is an appropriate method in determination of Them

Effect of IV dexamethasone on incidence of nausea and vomiting and beginning of oral intake in adenotonsillectomy

Tonsillectomy and adenotonsillectomy are two of the most common surgical procedures performed in children. Although new surgical technique has reduced immediate postoperative hemorrhage, other complications such as postoperative nausea and vomiting [PONV], pain, poor oral intake, dehydration and fever, however, continues to be a concern in children undergoing tonsillectomy. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether one single, large dose of IV dexamethasone administered before surgery could decrease PONV and improve oral intake after surgery, This study was performed on 50 children, 2-12 yr of age undergoing adenotonsillectomy. To specifically delineate the contribution of dexamethasone, all anesthetic and nonanesthetic factors that could influence the incidence of PONV were standardized. Each child received dexamethasone 1 mg/kg [maximal dose 25 mg] [steroid group] or an equal volume of saline [control group] before initiation of surgery. Twenty seven children were in steroid group and 23 children were in control group. There were no significant differences between two groups with respect to age, weight and sex but the incidence of PONV was lower in steroid group in both in the recovery [0.00 vs. 0.30 +/- 0.5 in control group] [p= 0.007] and in the ward [0.22 +/- 0.6 vs. 0.82 +/- 0.9 in control group] [p= 0.010]. Oral intake begins after 1.64 +/- 0.74 hr vs. 1.96 +/- 1.1 in control group. Compared with placebo, dexamethasone significantly decreased the incidence of PONV in the immediate and late post operative period [6 hr and 6-24 hr respectively] but it didn't influence oral intake

[Umbilical cord hematologic variables in different modes of delivery]

A variable hematological value without clinical sign of sepsis or hematological disorder is often observed in newborns. The purpose of this study was to investigate hematological measurements in umbilical cord vein of newborns delivered spontaneously or by cesarean section. We studied 150 pregnant women who delivered term normal infants. The patients were divided into two groups according to the route of delivery: vaginal [n=75] and cesarean section [n=75]. Immediately after delivery, umbilical cord blood samples were collected. Any possible relationship between mode of delivery, gestational age, gravidity, parity, sex, weight of the new born infant, and the duration of different phase of labor with the hematological parameters was investigated. We observed a significant increase in all hematologic parameters including hemoglobin and hematocrit levels and WBC, platelet and RBC counts in newborns delivered spontaneously [p<0.001]. The lymphocyte counts were similar in two groups. Male infants and newborns with higher gestational age showed a higher hemoglobin and hematocrit levels. Increased parity and gravidity correlated with a decrease in all hematological values of umbilical vein blood except of lymphocyte count [p<0.001]. Prolonged duration of first and second stage was associated with higher mean leukocyte, neutrophil, platelet, hemoglobin and hematocrit values. The mode of delivery, gestational age, parity, gravidity, sex and weight of newborn, and the duration of first and second stage of labor can influence on hematological parameters of umbilical cord blood

Note technique sur la mise en evidence du facteur rhumatoide par immuno-fluorescence

The authors present a new technic to point out the rhumatoid factor by immunofluorescence and compare this technic and the others classical technics of agglutination. This technic allows to avoid the absorption of rhumatoid factor in the serological reactions using the immunofluorescence

Double heterozygotie Hb O Arab/B thalassemie chez un enfant tunisien

A study realized in a Tunisian family of 22 persons has revealed a double heterozygoty Rb O Arab/Beta thalassemy in a child of 16 years old. The father of this child presents a Beta thalassemy and his mother is haemoglobine O Arab homozygote