ABSTRACT
We report a case of a new-born with a simple transposition of great arteries complicated by severe pulmonary hypertension which has responded to inhaled milrinone after a failure of inhaled nitric oxide. Mohamed born by cesarean section at 35 weeks, wheing 2650g, has presented a severe respiratory distress due to a simple transposition of great arteries complicated by pulmonary hypertension and a severe hemodynamic distress. He required artificial ventilation with an inspiratory oxygen fraction equal to 1 and vasoactive drugs. There was no response of pulmonary hypertension to inhaled nitric oxide. Inhaled milrinone at the dosage of 50 microg/kg/4h was attempted in the aim to research a selective pulmonary vasodilation. Response was immediately positive with a progressive decrease in inspiratory oxygen fraction without decrease in arterial systemic pressure. Despite, we can not be certain that this amelioration was imputed to inhaled milrinone, this case pushes to conduct animal and eventually human essays in the objective to test the relation between inhaled milrinone and selective pulmonary vasodilation