ABSTRACT
Background and Aim: Formaldehyde is an air contaminant which has wide applications in industry and medicine and its destructive effects have been reported on the body systems. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of different doses of onion extract on biochemical parameters and histopathology of mice kidneys exposed to formaldehyde
Material and Methods: 48 adult male mice were randomly divided into six groups. The control group did not receive any injection. The second group received formaldehyde 10 mg/kg for 14 days and the 3[rd], 4[th] ,5[th] and 6[th] groups received 5,10,20 and 40 mg/kg/day of onion extract respectively in addition to intraperitoneal doses of formaldehyde
After 14 days, tissue preparation was done and using stereological technique, the sizes of the kidneys and glomeruli were measured. Also, serum urea and creatinine levels were measured. Data were analyzed by SPSS software
Results: We found significant decrease in the number of renal glomeruli in all of the groups that received onion and also decrease in the volume of glomeruli in the group which had received 10 mg onion/day, compared to those in the control group [P = 0.000]. There were significant increase in the level of urea in the groups which had received doses of 10 and 20 mg of onion and in the creatinine levels of the groups which had received daily doses of 5, 20 and 40 mg of onion compared to those in the control group [P = 0.000]
Formaldehyde caused renal damage and an increase in the levels of urea and creatinine as well as a decrease in the number and volume of the glomeruli of the kidneys
Conclusion: Administration of daily doses of 40 mg hydro-alcoholic extract of onion for two weeks caused protective effect on kidney tissue exposed to the formaldehyde
ABSTRACT
Overweight, obesity and ethnicity are effective factors on pregnancy complications. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between third tri-mester body mass index [BMI] with maternal and neonatal complications. This descriptive analytic study was conducted on 551 pregnant women in third tri-mester with Fars, Sistani and Turkman ethnicities in Sayad Shirazi teaching hospital in Gorgan, north of Iran during 2012. BMI calculated at the time of labor admission and the subjects categorized into three groups of normal / underweight, overweight and obese. The mean of maternal age among Fars, Sistani and Turkman ethnic groups were 26.5 +/- 5.5, 24.6 +/- 5.3 and 26.2 +/- 5.2 years, respectively. The mean of gestational age among Fars, Sistani and Turkman ethnic groups were 38.4 +/- 2.3, 38.6 +/- 2.3 and 37.4 +/- 3.2 weeks, respectively. A significant relationship was found between BMI and cesarean section and labor dystocia in Fars and Sistani ethnic groups, respectively [P<0.05], while no relationship was found between BMI and neonatal complications. Overweight and obesity in Fars ethnicity are at risk of cesarean section and those with Sistani ethnicity are at risk of labor dystocia
ABSTRACT
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder [ADHD] is the most common in psychology and Methylphenidate hydrochloride [MPH] is one of the most frequently prescribed pediatric medicine. This study was done to determine the effect of Methylphenidate hydrochloride on ovarian and pituitary gonadotropin hormone in peripubertal mice This experimental study was done on 40 preipubertal female mice [BALB/c] with three weeks age and approximate 12-15 gram. The mice were allocated randomly in one control and three experimental groups, designated as I, II and III. Animals in group I, II and III were received by gavage Methylphenidate hydrochloride with 2, 5 and 10 mg/kg body weight for six days, respectively. At the end of experiment body weight, serum estrogen, progesterone and pituitary gonadotropins were measured. Morphometric and histopathological evaluation of ovary were examined. Data were analyzed using SPSS-17, ANOVA and Tukey tests. The body weight and ovary dimensions of animals in experimental groups were reduced significantly in comparison with control [P<0.05]. Abnormal cells, structural alternations of granules cells and follicular growth abnormality were observed in experimental groups I and III in compare to control group. A significant reduction of estrogen, in group I, progesterone levels in group I and III were observed in comparison with the controls [P<0.05]. This study showed that the Methylphenidate hydrochloride administration induces the reduction of body weight, ovary dimensions and hormones