[ effect of intra-articular magnesium sulfate on postoperative acute pain in knee arthroscopy]

Magnesium as an inorganic ion has several products containing it and has a number of therapeutic properties. A very common product, magnesium-sulfate has been proven in field of anesthesiology. This study looks at the effect of intra-articular injection of magnesium-sulfate on acute pain following knee surgery for diagnostic arthroscopy in patients undergoing general anesthesia. 60 patients were selected and divided randomly to 2 groups in this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. All anesthesia and surgery methods were the same in both groups. One group received intra-articular magnesium sulfate and the second group received the same volume of placebo. Postoperative pain scores were checked at the 1[st], 3[rd], 6[th], 12[th] and 24[th] hours after the operation by a Visual Analog Scale [VAS] pain assessment scoring system. To present the results Mean [ +/- SD] was used and the P-value less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. There was no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups for basic variables. Pain reported by the first group who received intra-articular magnesium sulfate solution was significantly less at the 1st hour postoperatively, than the other group [8.7 +/- 1.05 vs 5.53 +/- 1.91, respectively]. Also, at the 6[th] and 12[th] hours postoperatively, the difference was significant [p<0.0001]; but it was not at the 2[nd] 18[th] and 24[th] hours, postoperatively, in comparison to the group who received placebo [p>0.3]. In patients undergoing general anesthesia for arthroscopic knee surgery, intra-articular magnesium sulfate solution significantly reduced pain in the first few hours after the surgery

In vitro protective effects of Satureja hortensis L. essential oil and ethanolic extract on lymphocytes DNA

DNA damage and oxidative stress are widely recognized as major factors in many degenerative diseases and aging. The protective properties of Satureja hortensis L. on the rat lymphocytes DNA lesions were tested. Lymphocytes were isolated from blood samples taken from healthy rats. DNA breaks and resistance to H[2]O[2]-induced damage were measured with the comet assay. Rat lymphocytes were incubated in S. hortensis ethanolic extract [SHE] [0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1 and 2.5 mg/ml], essential oil [SHEO] [0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1 and 2.5 micro l/ml], H[2]O[2] [50, 100 and 200 micro M], a combination of H[2]O[2] [200 micro M] with either SHE [1, 2.5 mg/ml] or SHEO [1, 2.5 micro l/ml] at 4°C for 30 minutes. The extent of DNA migration was measured using a single-cell microgel electrophoresis technique under alkaline conditions. Treatment of rat lymphocytes with SHE or SHEO resulted in significant reduction of H[2]O[2]-induced DNA damage compared to controls. SHE exhibited a significant [p<0.01] inhibitory effect on oxidative DNA damage at 2.5 mg/ml. SHEO [1 and 2.5 micro l/ml] also showed significant inhibitory effects [p <0.01] on H[2]O[2] induced chromosomal damage. Both the ethanolic extract and the essential oil of the plant were able to reverse the oxidative damage on rat lymphocytes induced by hydrogen peroxide