ABSTRACT
Falls and accidents lead to different types of physical damage in the elderly. The most common type of are trauma and fall them that represent significant cauese of morbidity and moratality in our country but they are not well characterized. The aim of this study is to determine some epidemiologic aspects of trauma in the elderly. We organized a cross-sectional study of patients aged 65 years old and older. On a numbers they referred to Shiraz Trauma Centers with all types of damages secondary to tranma. Data were gathered from emergency rooms daily in winter 2004 and the follow up and outcome were gathered from patient's files in different wards. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics through EPI info 2002 soft ware. The studied group comprised 207 patients who had inclusion criteria. 61% were male and the reminder 39% were famale. Most of the patients were 65-69 years old. The most common type if trauma in this age group was falling down. 43% were admitted to hospital for more than five days and the average of the admission period was 7.63 +/- 6.9 days. Accidents at home [29.3% of cases] was more common than other places. In hours between 6pm-12pm, 35.27% of the accidents happened. The highest fatality rate was among car accident patients which 12.3%. Considering the increasing number of trauma in the elderly people and also high rate of disability and moratality in this group, implementing preventive strategies in this regard is recommended
ABSTRACT
This research examines the performance of the students of medicine and engineering about self-treatment by medicines without the doctors prescription and the factors that affect this matter. It is expected that the finding can be used in the future studies and also have a role in educational programs. 890 medical and engineering students were asked about using medicine for self-treatment and the factors the use of medicine through a valid and reliable questionare. A bout [83.7%] of the students have done self-treatment and this percent age is more among medical student. This is because of their easier access to the hospital facilities. There is a certain relationship between age and using medicines. Acetaminophen is a drugs with the most use among the members of the two groups. However, in the male group, antibiotics and in the female group. Anti inflammatory agents were in the highest use after Acetaminophen. The most effective factor in using medicine is the similarity of the disease with the previous cases and self-treatment in the medical group is more than engineering group because they have more information about this matter and a significant relationship [p value 0.003] is shown between them. The information of the two groups about the duration of the use of medicine and cases of prevention in using medicines, according to their expressions is less than other factors like the correct use of medicine, dose of medicine and the duration of use. The most important source of preparing medicine for the two groups is drugstores, continuation of self-treatment in future in the medical is more than that in the engineering group, showing a significant relationship between them [p value 0.000] is produced. In this study like the study in other developing countries, self-curing with medicines without the doctor's prescripion has a high spreading more drugs, Anti-biotics have the most use after Acetaminophen
ABSTRACT
To assess the prevalence of Iodine deficiency disorders, in high school girls in Shiraz, Iran. Design: A cross-sectional study based on a multi-stage cluster sample. Setting: The study subjects underwent clinical examination for presence of goiter. A sub sample of study sample was selected to conduct Urinary Iodine determination. Subjects: High school girls aged 14-18 years. Prevalence of goiter was 25%. Grade 1B goiter was more prevalent [13.9%] than grade 1A [7.4%]. Iodine deficiency according to two indices, Urinary Iodine level and Urinary Iodine/Creatinine ratio in sub sample of study sample were 4.7% and 12.1% respectively. Salt iodination program should be continued and further studies to investigate other factors in genesis of thyroid enlargement are recommended