ABSTRACT
Introduction: the aim of present study was to investigate the interaction of aerobic training and calorie restriction on levels of adiponectin isomers in serum and abdominal fat depots in obese male rats
Materials and Methods: forty-eight wistar male rats were used as the study sample. Blood and tissue samples were collected at the 1[st], 18[th] and 28[th] weeks. After baseline sampling, the remaining 40 rats were randomly divided into control and high-fat-diet groups. The high-fat-diet group received their regimen for 18 weeks and were then randomly divided into the negative energy balance [NEB] and high-fat-diet [HFD] subgroups. NEB group alternately underwent 25% calorie restriction or aerobic training [running] with an intensity of 70 to 75% of vo2max for 10 weeks
Results: compared to the standard diet, HFD feeding increased weight and decreased retroperitoneal adipose tissue adiponectin level at the 18[th] and 28[th] weeks [P<0.05]. In comparison to the HFD, group negative energy balance in obese male rats, caused weight control with significant increase in serum levels of total and high-molecular-weight adiponectin as well as adiponectin levels in retroperitoneal and mesenteric fat depots [P<0.05]. Also insulin resistance index in line with serum concentrations of insulin, glucose and triglycerides were decreased in negative energy balance, compared to the high-fat-diet group [P<0.05]
Conclusion: this study indicates that even with simultaneous consumption of high-fat-diet, combination of aerobic training and calorie restriction can increase concentrations of adiponectin in serum and abdominal fat depots of obese male rats, and aligned with it improves lipid and metabolic profiles
ABSTRACT
Osteoporosis is a disorder for old women that can easily cause bone fractures. But exercise in long-term is being known to reduce the risk of osteoporosis, especially in women. This study aims to investigate 'the effect of walking program on bone mass density which reduces bone loss and osteoporosis among girls. This is an intervening study in which 40 non-athlete females around the age of 22 were chosen. 20 of them were randomly chosen and divided into two groups: 10 thin girls and 10 obese. Pre and post tests for the two groups involved hip and spinal [L2-L4] bone mass density, body composition [weight, fat mass, fat mass percentage, lean mass] and blood parameters [serum calcium, phosphorous ,estrogen]. Experimental group performed an exercise program including 30 minutes walking with intensity of 50-75% of maximal heart rate and 3 sessions a week for the period of two months. The study findings showed that BMD in both areas in both group significantly increased [hip p=0.012, 1.1% spinal [LrL4] p=0.037, 2.3%] after 2 months. Also, walking exercise had effects on all components of body composition in obese and thin girls' [p<0.05], but there were no significant changes in blood factors among the young girls [p>0.05]. This investigation indicated that walking exercises even if in short term has great effects on increasing BMD and improving all components of body composition in young girls, therefore this study suggests that both thin and obese girls can highly reduce the risk of osteoporosis by increasing levels by increasing their daily activities