ABSTRACT
After four years of publishing the Iranian National Laboratory Standard and following a strategic plan to implement its requirements, it was decided to review the taken actions, evaluating the achievements and the failures, as well as analyzing the gaps and planning the interventional activities to resolve the problems. A thorough evaluation revealed that the progress of implementation process varies considerably in different provinces, as well as in laboratories in different public and private sectors. Diversity and heterogeneousity of laboratories throughout the country is one of unresolvable problems. Although we encounter shortage of resources in the country, improper allocation or distribution of resources and budgets make the problems more complicated. Inadequacy of academic training in laboratory sciences has resulted in necessity of holding comprehensive post-graduate training courses. Revising academic curriculum of laboratory sciences could be mostly helpful, moreover there should be organized, training courses with pre-determined practical topics. providing specific technical guidelines, to clarify the required technical details could temporarily fill the training gaps of laboratory staff. Inadequate number of competent auditors was one of the difficulties in universities. Another important challenge returns to laboratory equipment, developing the national controlling system to manage the laboratory equipment in terms of quality and accessibility has been planned in RHL. At last cultural problems and resistance to change are main obstacles that have reduced the pace of standardization, it needs to rationalize the necessity of establishing laboratory standards for all stakeholders
ABSTRACT
Antibiotics play an important role in treatment of acne. Physicians usually choose the best antibiotics based on their effectiveness, economical impacts, side effects and sometimes drug resistance surveys. In recent years, the latter issue [bacterial resistance] has faced the treatment of acne with some serious problems. This study was designed to illustrate the drug-resistance pattern of Propionibacterium acnes [P.acnes] obtained from patients with Acne vulgaris. In the present study, we tried to illustrate the resistance of P.acnes to common antibiotics used in treatment of acne, applying E-tests antibiogram method. After sampling, culturing and purifying P.acnae, MIC measures were obtained for eight cases of common antibiotics used for each individual patient, by the use of E-test quantitative method. From the total of 88 patients, 25.6% were males and 74.4% were females. The average age was 28.8 years old. According to the results of this survey, 13% of P.acnes strains were resistant to erythromycin, whereas 10.7% were resistant to Clindamycin and 7.1% were to Co-trimoxazole. There was no resistance to other tested antibiotics [Cephalexin, Ampicillin, Minocycline, Doxycyline and Tetracycline]. In general, mono-drug resistance was observed in 8.1% of cases and multi-drug resistance was found in 10.5% of strains. However, these rates are much lower compared to those mentioned in literature. The results of this study is more indicative of the fact that improper use of antibiotics plays an important role in failure of acnae treatment in Iran
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Male , Acne Vulgaris/drug therapy , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Drug Resistance, BacterialABSTRACT
We evaluated the performance of microbiology laboratories in the 10th run of the external quality assessment scheme [EQAS] in Tehran and districts. Each laboratory was sent 2 species of bacteria for identification. Of the 487 laboratories that participated, 437 returned their findings. While 77.0% and 69.9% correctly identified Staphylococcus saprophyticus and Citrobacter freundii respectively, only 29.8% correctly identified Acinetobacter baumanii, 25.3% identified Enterococcus faecalis and 35.6% identified Enterobacter agglomerans. However 78.7% and 79.5% of the laboratories reported correct -results for susceptibility testing for S. saprophyticus and C. freundii respectively