[Effect of chronic administration of silymarin on oxidative stress markers in renal tissue of diabetic rats]

Chronic diabetes mellitus is accompanied with enhanced oxidative stress and reduce the activity of antioxidant defense system. Due to significant role of enhanced oxidative stress in development of renal damage in diabetices, this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of chronic administration of Silymarin on oxidative stress markers in renal tissue of diabetic rats. In this experimental study, 40 male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups: control, silymarin-treated control [100 mg/kg bw], diabetic, and silymarin -treated diabetic groups [50 and 100 mg/kg bw]. Silymarin was administered [daily and intraperitonealy] ten days after Streptozotocin injection for 4 weeks. Tissue level of malondialdehyde and nitrite and nitrate and activity of superoxide dismutase in kidney tissue were measured. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey tests. A significant increase in tissue level of malondialdehyde, nitrite and nitrate in diabetic rats were observed [P<0.05]. Silymarin treatment [100 mg/kg/bw] significantly reduced the tissue level of Malondialdehyde, nitrate and nitrate [P<0.05]. Non-significant recduction of activity of superoxide dismutase was oberved in diabetic rats and Silymarin treatment [50 and 100 mg/kg bw] did not significantly altered enzyme activity. Four weeks treatment of Silymarin [100 mg/kg bw] reduce oxidative stress indexes in renal tissue of diabetic rats

[Study of LDL receptor gene mutations in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia in Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari province]

Familial hypercholesterolemia is an autosomal dominant inherited disorder, characterized by increased level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and lipid accumulation in tendons and arteries. It can cause premature atherosclerosis and increased risk of coronary heart disease [CHD]. Familial hypercholesterolemia is caused mainly by mutations in low-density lipoprotein receptor [LDLR] gene. The aim of this study was to analyze the LDLR gene mutations in a group of patients from Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari province. In this descriptive-lab based study, 57 suspected FH patients were screened for mutations in promoter and exons 1,3,5,11,13,15,16,17 and 18 of LDLR gene using PCR-SSCP strategy. Two different LDLR gene variations, including heterozygote mutation 283T>A and polymorphism 1959T>C, were identified in 1 and 9 FH Families studied, respectively. We conclude that LDLR gene mutation may not be the major cause of FH in the population studied and the cause of FH in Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari province remains to be detected in other loci or genes

[ case report presentation of coronary dissection with abrupt closure extending to left main stem following coronary angioplasty]

It has been elapsed 30 years after first percutaneoas transluminal coronary angioplast [PTCA] was done by Grundizing, during which large improvements was achieved in the procedure so that the majority of patients return to their life after PTCA and or stenting. PTCA is associated with success rate of 90% and major complications of less than 5%. The major complication of PTCA is abrupt closure of dilated vessel, symptoms include 1] anginal chest pain 2] ECG changes 3] hypotension 4] arrhythmias 5] cardiac arrest. This paper reports a rare case of left anterior descending [LAD] dissection extending to left main stem [LMS] which was dramatically responded to coronary stenting [LAD,LCX,LMS]

effect of long term oral administration of Hypericum perforatum aerial part on learning and memory in diabetic rats by means of passive avoidance test

Diabetes mellitus [especially type I] is accompanied with disturbances in learning, memory, and cognitive skills in the human beings and experimental animals. Considering the potential nootropic effect of the medicinal plant Hypericum perforatum [HP], therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of long term oral administration of HP aerial part on learning and memory in diabetic rats by use of passive avoidance test. In this study, male Wistar diabetic rats were randomly divided into control, HP-treated control, diabetic, and HP-treated diabetic groups. HP treatment continued for 1 to 2 months. For induction of diabetes a single dose of streptozotocin 60mg/kg was injected i.p. Serum glucose level was determined before the study and at the 4[th] and 8[th] weeks after the experiment. In addition, for evaluation of learning and memory, initial latency [IL] and step-through latency [STL] were determined after 1 and 2 months using passive avoidance test. One- and two-month administration of HP aerial part at a weight ratio of 1/15 did not show any significant hypoglycemic effect in treated control and diabetic groups. Furthermore, there was a significant increase [p<0.05] in IL in diabetic and HP-treated diabetic groups after two months as compared to control group. In this respect, there was no significant difference between diabetic and HP-treated diabetic groups. In addition, STL significantly increased in HP-treated control group after 1 [p<0.05] and 2 [p<0.05] months in comparison with control group. On the other hand, STL significantly decreased [p<0.05] in diabetic group and significantly increased [p<0.05] in HP-treated diabetic group as compared to control group after two months. In summary, long term oral administration of HP aerial part could enhance the recall capability of stored information in control and diabetic animals

Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effect of chronic oral administration of aerial part of Marrubium vulgare in diabetic rats

Marrubium vulgare has preventing and antioxident components. There aresome evidence of hypoglicemic and hypolepidemic of this medicinal herb. This study was done to determine the hypoglycemic and the hypolipidemic activities of Marrubium vulgare in diabetic Rats. In this experimental study, 40 male Wistar rats were divided into control, treated control, diabetic, and treated diabetic groups. For induction of diabetes, streptozotocin [STZ; 60 mg/Kg; i.p.] was used at a single dose. The treatment groups received oral administration of plant-mixed pelleted food [6.25%] for two months. Serum glucose, triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations. Were meuseud by spectrophotometer technique. Serum glucose level in diabetic group increases 4 and 8 weeks after the experiment as compared to data one week before the study began [P<0.05]. Marrubium vulgare treatment of diabetic rats did not any significant effect. In addition, triglyceride level in diabetic group increased 8 weeks after the experiment in comparison with related data one week before the study [P<0.05] and there was a significant lower level of triglyceride in Marrubium vulgare- treated diabetic rats [p<0.05]. Furthermore, a similar significant reduction was obtained for treated-diabetic group as compared to diabetic group regarding serum cholesterol level [p<0.05]. This study showed that oral administration of Marrubium vulgare in long-term could significantly reduce serum triglyceride and cholesterol levels without any effect on serum glucose in diabetic rats