Comparision of the validity of different diagnostic methods in determining ghlo infections in cats

The aim of the present study was to compare different diagnostic methods in the determination of gastric helicobacter infection. 30 healthy stray and 27 domestic cats. were studied The procedure involved taking biopsy samples from antrum and body by pediatric gastroscope in off feed animals. Diagnosis of gastric helicobacter infection by cytology, rapid urease test, histopathology and PCR was also conducted. In all diagnostic methods, helicobacter infection was found to be more prevalent in domestic cats than the stray ones. None of the cats were infected with H. pylori and most of them had mixed infections with H. felis and H. heilmanii. Sensitivity and specificity of different diagnostic methods in comparison with PCR were 93 and 44%, respectively in rapid urease test, 97 and 92% respectively in histopathology and 98 and 94%, respectively in cytology. Based on result of the study most of the cats may be infected with helicobacter spp without any significant clinical signs. Cytology was the most simple and fastest screening methods in the diagnosis of helicobacter infection. With respect to morphologic similarities of H. felis and H. heilmanii and inability to culture H. heilmanii, PCR can be considered as one of the best methods in the identification of infecting helicobacter strains in cats

Clinical evaluation of bone cement and autogenous bone graft in dogs

Various biological bone grafts have been used for osteogenesis, osteoconduction and even osteoinduction, but due to systemic influences and local factors, the outcome of successful incorporation of a bone graft has not been satisfactory. This study was therefore conducted on 15 clinically healthy adult dogs between 1 to 3 years of age weighing 20 to 30 kg to evaluate the effect of bone cement and autogenous bone grafts. A piece of 3 cm complete mid-shaft right tibial cortical bone was removed in all animals. Then they were subsequently divided into three groups of 5 animals each. In group I the bone was fixed with a suitable intramedullary pin, whereas the gap was filled with harvested autogenous rib bone graft in group II animals. Bone cement was used to fill the gap in animals of group III for the first 30 days, then it was replaced with iliac bone chips and observation was made accordingly for 60 days in all animals of the three groups. After 60 days, before collection of callus samples, there was granulation and fibrocartilage tissue in groups I and II respectively, whereas a thick fibrous capsule or pseudomembrane layer was seen around bone cement on day 30 before removal of cement and on day 60 after replacement by iliac bone graft in group III animals. There were combinations of heavily impacted fibrous and fibrocartilagineous tissues with thick bundles of collagen fibers among hypertrophic chondroblasts in histomorphological cross section in group I animals, whereas active sequestra were present in group II animals. Fibrotic capsule, periosteal layer, lacunae, osteoblasts, osteocytes and well formed bone marrow with RBC and adipose tissue were noted in group III animals. It appears that the local reaction induced by bone cement leading to fibrotic capsule formation was quite helpful in delaying iliac bone graft resorption and enhancing osteogenic stimulation as to fill the gap with impacted callus with normal cortical structure. The application of bone cement in gap nonunion, crushed bone and fragmental fractures is therefore highly recommended

[Seminoma in dog [the first report of two cases in Iran]]

Two male 8 and 11 year old German Shephered dogs, with enlarged and painful testes, were examined. Tumor masses were removed surgically. Based on histopathological examinations, Seminoma was diagnosed