[ survey on comparison of tympanic and nasopharyngeal temperatures in patient undergoing open heart surgery]

Body temperature controlling in patient undergoing open heart surgery is very important and critical. In fact it is the base of work and by measuring temperature correctly, complications of hypothermia can be prevented. The overall purpose of this study was to determine and compare tympanic and nasopharyngeal temperatures in patient undergoing open heart surgery with hypothermia. This was a correlation study. The sample consisted of 60 patients undergoing open heart surgery with hypothermia. Body temperatures are measured in three sites - right ear, left ear and nasopharynx. Both of them were measured simultaneously before, during and after hypothermia. Tympanic temperatures were measured with an infrared thermometer and the nasopharyngeal temperatures were monitored by heart and lung machine, in fact it is a process in open heart surgery. This study showed that the mean of body temperatures are different in three sites. The difference between right and left ear wasn't significant, but the mean of nasopharyngeal temperature was significantly different with right and left ear. In order to determine the sensitivity of tympanic to changes of temperature, correlations between three sites - right ear, left ear and nasopharyngeal - are calculated. Temperatures at three sites had a high correlation [p= 0.01]. All sites are sensitive to changes of body temperatures and they can show core temperatures of body well. Therefore, when there are limitations for monitoring of body temperatures by nasopharyngeal route, the tympanic route can be a good replacement

Progesterone/estradiol ratio in the late follicular phase of long gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist cycles did not differ between conceived and not-conceived women

There is a challenging debate on the effect of premature luteinization on the clinical outcome of 'controlled ovarian hyperstimulation' [COH] using long 'gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist' [GnRHa] cycles. Premature luteinization is defined as late follicular progesterone/estradiol ratio more than 1 on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin [HCG] administration. We carried out a retrospective case-control study on 75 conceived cases versus 75 not-conceived control women, receiving long GnRHa cycles in their first cycle of treatment. Premature luteinization developed in 15% of the case group vs. 22% of the control group. Neither the late follicular progesterone/estradiol [P/E2] ratio was significantly different between the two groups, nor the day 3 follicle stimulating hormone [FSH], serum estradiol level on the HCG day, total amount of human menopausal gonadotropins ampoules, number of follicles, retrieved oocytes and transferred embryos. Endometrial thickness was significantly more in the pregnant women than in the non-pregnant group. Premature luteinization seems not to adversely affect the clinical outcome of COH

Half-dose depot triptorelin comparable to reduced daily buserelin: a randomized clinical trial

Pituitary suppression by depot GnRH agonist may be excessive for ovarian stimulation. This study compares the efficacy of a single half-dose depot triptorelin and reduced-dose daily buserelin in a long protocol ICSI/ET. A total of 182 patients were randomized into two groups using sealed envelopes. Pituitary desensitization was obtained in group 1 [91 patients] with half-dose [1.87 mg] depot triptorelin in the mid-luteal phase of their menstrual cycle, and in group 2 [91 patients] with standard daily dose [0.5 mg] buserelin, which was then reduced to 0.25 mg at the start of human menopausal gonadotropin [HMG] stimulation. No significant differences were found among those who received HCG in terms of clinical pregnancy rate [34.4% in both groups], implantation rate [14.8% in group 1 versus 11.1% in group 2], fertilization rate [93.3 versus 95.6%], poor response rate [11.1 versus 6.7%], and miscarriage rate [11.1 versus 7.8%]. No significant differences were seen in number of HMG ampoules used, follicles at HCG administration, and oocytes retrieved. The number of days of stimulation was significantly reduced in group 2 [11.2 +/- 1.8 in group 1 versus 10.6 +/- 1.9, P = 0.030]. A half-dose of depot triptorelin can be successfully used in ovarian stimulation instead of reduced-dose daily buserelin, with more patient comfort and reduced stress and cost of injections

In Vitro study of cytotoxic effects of new Norfloxacin derivatives on humancancer cell lines

In this in vitro study a series of new norfloxacin derivatives with an oxime or a substituted oxime attached to the piperazine ring at C-7 position were evaluated for their cytotoxicity on Human Cancer Cell Lines. The growth inhibitory activity of these compounds was determined for human cancer cell lines including bladder carcinoma [EJ138], renal adenocarcinoma [ACHN], breast adenocarcinoma [MCF-7], hepatocyte carcinoma [HEPG2], lung carcinoma [A549] and rat-Adrenal fibroblast-pheochromocytoma [PC-12] using colorimetric MTT assay. The results showed that the norfloxacin derivatives tested in this study showed significant inhibitory activity for cancer cell lines. Some of the compounds such as Cl, C9, CIO and Cll exhibited the most inhibitory activity against MCF-7 and PC-12 with IC50 value of 9 microM [p<0.05]. Among the cell lines tested, PC-12 was very sensitive to these compounds. The known cytotoxic drug, Etoposide, demonstrated the most significant activities against all the cell lines tested with IC50 value less than 1.7 microM [p<0.00l]. The results indicated that the synthesized norfloxacin derivatives tested in this study, although they act mostly as antibacterial agents, they can also affect the function of the type 2 DNA topoisomerase in eukaryotic cells. Further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms by which these derivatives act