Preliminary toxicological evaluation of salicyl hydroxamic acid in rats and dogs

Salicyl hydroxamic acid [SHAM] has been found to prevent and treat urinary stones caused by urea splitting hacteria. The present work aims at delineation of its acute toxicity in rats and dogs and its organotropic toxic potential in rats. The obtained results showed that in rats, the oral LD50 of SHAM was 5.0 [3.74 - 7.20] g/kg, while the i.p. LD50 was 0.60 [0.44 - 0.82] g/kg. Administration of 1800 mg.i.p. in dogs resulted in reversible allergic-like skin reactions. The 90 days oral toxicity study of 200 and 500 mg/kg in rats resulted in increased body weight and fluctuations in blood glucose, in addition to hepatic, renal, splenic, and cardiac toxicological and biochemical reactions. Subacute exposure to SHAM in rats has resulted in significant changes in brain amino acid neurotransmitters and an immunosuppressant effect on serum IgG. The obtained results rate are to be utilized for planning of the full preclinical toxicological evaluations

Comparative effects of anti-inflammatory drugs and an anabolic agent on the subcellular components, lysosomal enzymes and oxygen consumption of mitochondria in rat liver

The effect of oral administration of piroxicam in dose 1.8 mg/Kg [L.D] and 5.4 mg/Kg [H.D.], pirprofen in doses 8 mg/Kg [L.D.] and 24 mg/Kg [H.D.] and primobolan in dose 1.8 mg/Kg b.wt for 8 successive weeks, on the total activities and extralysosomal release of B-galactosidase [B-GAL], N-acetyl 8-glucosaminidase [B-NAG] and alpha-galactosidase [alpha-GAL] in rat liver were examined [on 10 groups]. The collective data showed that primobolan and piroxicam by the two doses has no effect on alpha-GAL activity and the enzyme release. B-NAG and B-GAL activities were affected by the high dose of piroxicam and the combined mixture with primobolan. The total enzymatic activity was inhibited, while the extralysosomal release was significantly increased. Primobolan inhibited B-GAL activity, also the low dose of piroxicam in combined mixture suppressed the total enzymatic activity of B-NAG. In addition, the high dose of pirprofen exerted an enhancement on the total enzymatic activity and the extralysosomal release while the low dose of this drug resulted in a significant increase the total activity of B-NAG and release of B-GAL. Comparative studies of the test anti-inflammatory drugs on the O[2]-consumption of rat liver mitochondria showed that the enhancement effect on the respiration, were dose dependent