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1.
Int. arch. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 22(2): 113-118, Apr.-June 2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-954018

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction Pitch-matching refers to the ability to vocally reproduce an acoustic model in a corresponding tone to the presented sound. This ability, which is dependent on pitch perception ability, can vary among individuals, and some are not able to sing in the correct tune or discriminate differences between tones. Objective To correlate pitch-matching accuracy and auditory processing in individuals without musical training. Methods A Pitch-Matching Test (vocal reproduction of synthesized and human voice sounds) and two commercially available tests of auditory temporal processing (the Pitch Pattern Sequence Test and the Random Gap DetectionTest) were administered to all participants. A total of 62 college students of both genders, aged between 18 and 35 years old, were divided into 2 groups, according to their performances in the Pitch- Matching Test (the accurate match group and the inaccurate match group). Results In the Pitch-Matching Test, both groups achieved better results when reproducing vocalized sounds. The accurate match group achieved a significantly higher pitch pattern sequence test performance. In the Random Gap Detection Test analysis, there were no differences between the two groups. The Pearson's chi-squared test showed a direct correlation between the Pitch-Matching Test and the Pitch Pattern Sequence Test. Conclusion The findings of this study suggest the existence of a significant relationship between temporal auditory processing and pitch-matching, through which accurate pitch-matching individuals perform better in the Pitch Pattern Sequence Test. Inaccurate pitch-matching individuals may be skilled at discriminating pitch, despite their poor performance in the Pitch-Matching Test.

2.
Rev. CEFAC ; 20(2): 201-208, Mar.-Apr. 2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-896538

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: to compare the results of maximum phonation times (MPTs) under two different forms of speech-language pathology orientation to extract these measures. Methods: 60 women between 17 and 23 years divided equally into two groups participated: Study Group (SG) - that performed the task under the two forms of orientation (traditional orientation and with control request of the air outlet); and the Control Group (CG) - which carried out the task in a single form of orientation (traditional one). The procedures performed comprised the extraction of MPT in the vowels /a/, /i/ and /u/, the fricatives /s/ and /z/ and numbers counting. The data were tabulated and statistically analyzed (p<0.05). Results: by comparing the two groups at the first instant of the MPT emissions, no statistically significant differences were found. However, when the second instant was compared, there were differences in most emissions, which indicates that the air control request promotes the increase of MPTs. Conclusion: the way the speech-language pathologist guides the performance of the maximum phonation times, during the evaluation of these measures, requesting the individual tomaximally control air exit, modifies the result of the extraction of the temporal measures of the voice, which must be considered in the daily vocal clinical practice.


RESUMO Objetivo: comparar os resultados dos tempos máximos de fonação (TMF) sob duas formas distintas de orientação fonoaudiológica para extração dessas medidas. Métodos: participaram 60 mulheres com idades entre 17 e 23 anos que foram divididas igualmente em: Grupo Estudo (GE) - que realizaram a tarefa sob as duas formas de orientação (orientação tradicional e com solicitação de controle na saída do ar); e Grupo Controle (GC) - que realizaram a tarefa sob uma única forma de orientação por duas vezes (orientação tradicional). Os procedimentos realizados compreenderam a extração do TMF das vogais /a/, /i/ e /u/, das fricativas /s/ e /z/ e da contagem de números. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente. Resultados: ao comparar os dois grupos no primeiro momento das emissões dos TMFs, observou-se que não há diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre eles. No entanto, quando o segundo momento foi comparado, houve diferenças na maioria das emissões, indicando que a solicitação do controle do ar promoveu o aumento dos TMFs. Conclusão: a forma do fonoaudiólogo orientar a realização dos tempos máximos de fonação, solicitando ao indivíduo o controle máximo da saída do ar, modifica o resultado da extração das medidas temporais da voz, o que deve ser considerado na prática clínica vocal diária.

3.
CoDAS ; 28(5): 618-624, Sept.-Oct. 2016. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-828555

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os efeitos imediatos do exercício de trato vocal semiocluído (ETVSO) com tubo LaxVox® em cantores. Método Participaram 23 cantores, estudantes de canto lírico, com idades entre 18 e 47 anos (média de 27,2 anos). Inicialmente, a coleta de dados envolveu a aplicação de um questionário contendo os dados de identificação e a gravação da vogal “ε”, contagem de números de um a dez e trecho de música do repertório atual. Na sequência, os participantes receberam orientações e realizaram o ETVSO com tubo LaxVox® por três minutos. Finalmente, as mesmas amostras vocais foram coletadas imediatamente após a execução e os cantores responderam a um questionário sobre sua autopercepção em relação às possíveis modificações vocais geradas pelo exercício. As amostras vocais foram analisadas por juízes fonoaudiólogos e professores de canto e por meio de análise acústica. Resultados A maior parte dos cantores referiu melhor emissão pós-exercício, tanto na fala quanto no canto. Na opinião dos juízes, não houve diferenças entre emissões pré e pós-exercício nas provas da avaliação perceptivo-auditiva (emissão sustentada, fala e canto). A análise acústica da vogal indicou aumento da Frequência Fundamental (F0) e redução da Proporção Glottal to Noise Excitation (GNE) pós-exercício. Conclusão O exercício de trato vocal semiocluído com tubo LaxVox® promove efeitos imediatos positivos quanto à autoavaliação e análise acústica da voz do cantor profissional sem queixas. Quanto à avaliação perceptivo-auditiva da fala e do canto, parece não haver modificações imediatas significativas.


ABSTRACT Purpose The purpose of this study was to analyze the immediate effects of the semi-occluded vocal tract exercise (SOVTE) using the LaxVox® tube in singers. Methods Participants were 23 singers, classical singing students, aged 18 to 47 years (mean age = 27.2 years). First, data was collected through the application of a demographic questionnaire and the recording of sustained emission - vowel /ε/, counting 1-10, and a music section from the participants’ current repertoire. After that, the participants were instructed and performed the SOVTE using the LaxVox® tube for three minutes. Finally, the same vocal samples were collected immediately after SOVTE performance and the singers responded to a questionnaire on their perception regarding vocal changes after the exercise. The vocal samples were analyzed by referees (speech-language pathologists and singing teachers) and by means of acoustic analysis. Results Most of the singers reported improved voice post-exercise in both tasks - speech and singing. Regarding the perceptual assessment (sustained vowel, speech, and singing), the referees found no difference between pre- and post-exercise emissions. The acoustic analysis of the sustained vowel showed increased Fundamental Frequency (F0) and reduction of the Glottal to Noise Excitation (GNE) ratio post-exercise. Conclusion The semi-occluded vocal tract exercise with LaxVox® tube promotes immediate positive effects on the self-assessment and acoustic analysis of voice in professional singers without vocal complains. No immediate significant changes were observed with respect to auditory-perceptual evaluation of speech and singing.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Young Adult , Self-Assessment , Speech Acoustics , Voice/physiology , Voice Quality , Voice Training , Singing , Middle Aged , Music
4.
CoDAS ; 27(1): 97-100, Jan-Feb/2015. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-742836

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To characterize the fundamental frequency and the frequency of the formants F1, F2, F3, and F4 from vocal emissions of amateur singers with metallic voice quality. METHODS: There were 60 amateur female singers aged between 18 and 60 years old; 30 women with metallic voice quality forming the study group (SG) and 30 women without such a vocal quality forming control group (CG). The sample was selected through voice screening confirmed by reviewers after reaching a consensus. Regarding data collection, sustained vowel emissions in usual tone and at two predetermined frequencies, by which the values of F0 and frequency of the formants F1, F2, F3, and F4 were obtained, were recorded and analyzed. RESULTS: Comparing the emissions in usual tone, no difference for F0 was found, but the values of the formants F2, F3, and F4 were higher in the SG. In the preestablished tones, there was a difference between the two groups in the formants F3 and F4 for both tones. CONCLUSION: It is possible to characterize metallic voice quality as a normal fundamental frequency, with increasing frequency of the F2 formant, and values of frequencies of formants F2, F3, and F4 higher when compared to the CG. .


OBJETIVO: Caracterizar a frequência fundamental (F0) e frequência de formantes F1, F2, F3 e F4 das emissões vocais de cantoras amadoras com qualidade vocal metálica. MÉTODOS: Participaram da pesquisa 60 cantoras amadoras, com idades entre 18 e 60 anos, sendo 30 mulheres de qualidade vocal metálica integrando o grupo estudo (GE) e 30 mulheres sem essa qualidade vocal compondo o grupo controle (GC). A amostra foi selecionada através de triagem vocal confirmada por avaliadores, em consenso. Para a coleta de dados, foram gravadas e analisadas emissões de vogal sustentada em tom habitual e em duas frequências pré-determinadas, pelas quais extraíram-se os valores de F0 e frequência de formantes F1, F2, F3 e F4. RESULTADOS: Quanto à comparação das emissões em tom habitual, não houve diferença para F0, mas os valores dos formantes F2, F3 e F4 foram maiores no GE. Nas tonalidades pré-estabelecidas, verificou-se diferença entre os dois grupos nos formantes F3 e F4, em ambos os tons. CONCLUSÃO: Foi possível caracterizar a qualidade de voz metálica como de voz de frequência fundamental normal, com frequência de formante F2 aumentado, e valores de frequências de formantes F2, F3 e F4 maiores quando comparados ao GC. .


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Singing/physiology , Speech Acoustics , Voice Quality/physiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Music , Sound Spectrography
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