ABSTRACT
Background: Folate is a naturally occurring B vitamin, is needed in the brain for the synthesis of norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine. Thus, previous researches suggested that folate levels play an important role in the etiology and course of depression. However, the literature has been inconsistent regarding differences in folate level between individuals with and without depression. The present meta-analysis synthesized the results of previous studies to examine whether individuals with depression had lower levels of folate than individuals without depression
Aim of the Study: to assess the relationship between Depression and Folate deficiency
Methods: A review of the scientific literature [PubMed Search 1994 to 2017] Pubmed, Embase and CENTRAL were searched to identify randomized controlled trials that investigated The Correlation between Depression and Folate Deficiency as the primary outcome. Identification of papers and data extraction was performed by two independent researchers. We searched for relevant trials in the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE [from 1946], Embase [from 1974], the Transfusion Evidence Library [from 1980], and ongoing trial databases; all searches current to October 2017
Results: 8 studies were included enrolling 173000 participants; 1813 patients with depression and 15487 control subjects. Pooling of all estimates showed a significant correlation between folate status and depression [OR pooled unadjusted=1.41; 95% CI 1.19 to 1.82], [OR pooled adjusted=1.39; 95% CI 1.04 to 1.76]
Conclusion: Low folate and B12 serum levels seem to be associated with depression Folate has been linked to depression and there is a strong body of evidence suggesting the introduction of folate supplement in the prevention and treatment of depression at the population and individual levels
ABSTRACT
Background: cirrhosis is a late stage of scarring [fibrosis] of the liver caused by many forms of liver diseases and conditions, such as hepatitis and chronic alcoholism. The liver carries out several necessary functions, including detoxifying harmful substances in your body, cleaning your blood and making vital nutrients. Cirrhosis occurs in response to damage to your liver. Each time your liver is injured, it tries to repair itself. In the process, scar tissue forms. As cirrhosis progresses, more and more scar tissue forms, making it difficult for the liver to function
Objective of the Study: review and evaluate the best practices in diagnosis, complications and management of cirrhosis, and novel clinical and scientific developments
Methods: electronic search in the scientific database from 1966 to 2017- [Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Library as well as NHS center websites were searched for English Publications obtained from both reprint requests and by searching the database. Data extracted included authors, country, and year of publication, age and sex of patients, epidemiology, geographical distribution, pathophysiology, risk factors, clinical manifestations, investigations and types of surgical treatment
Results: there is sufficient body of evidence suggesting that cirrhosis is a pathological diagnosis with no laboratory cutoff values for the diagnosis of cirrhosis. However, it can still be diagnosed clinically, by history, physical examination laboratory analyses and ancillary testing such as ultrasonography. Early diagnosis has proven to give relevantly better case management results while late detection can only hardly manage the symptoms accompanied with cirrhosis
Conclusion: Screening for chronic liver disease is a key factor for early detection of signs for liver damage, which can be performed inexpensively and easily with clinical history-taking, measurement of transaminase concentrations, upper abdominal ultrasonography, and transient elastography [where available]. Abnormal findings should prompt specific diagnostic testing to determine the etiology of the underlying disease. In most patients, the dynamic process of progressive fibrosis, which could ultimately lead to cirrhosis, can be interrupted by the timely recognition of the risk, followed by appropriate treatment