ABSTRACT
Background: This aim of this study was to assess the degree to which the doctors of a public sector hospital in Karachi adhere to medical ethics during their consultations.
Subject(s)
Adult , Attitude to Health , Cross-Sectional Studies , Developing Countries , Female , Hospitals, Public , Humans , Male , Pakistan , PrivacyABSTRACT
To determine the frequency of abdominal and vaginal hysterectomies and to evaluate the categorization of hysterectomy cases for abdominal or vaginal route at Civil Hospital Karachi. A cross-sectional, 12-month [2008] prospective comparative study was designed at Civil Hospital Karachi involving abdominal hysterectomy [AH] and vaginal hysterectomy [VH]. Data were extracted on a specially designed proforma including fields for age, parity, menopausal status, indication and route for hysterectomy, uterine size, and previous history of caesarean section, puerperal sepsis, tubal ligation, and laparotomy for gynecological indications. In this study, 107 [18.3%] abdominal and vaginal hysterectomies were done for benign gynecological causes. There was no case of laparoscopically assisted VH [LAVH]. Mean age [57.61 years] and parity [8] for VH were greater than those of AH [48.11 years] and 5, respectively. VH was predominantly done on atrophic uteri [25 [75.76%]]. AH was performed on 20 [27.02%] bulky uteri; in 53 [71.63%], the uterus was larger. Uterovaginal prolapse was the sole [100%] indication for VH with concomitant dysfunctional uterine bleeding [DUB] in 4 [12.13%] cases. The main indications for AH were fibroids in 28 [37.84%], DUB in 30 [40.54%], followed by adenomyosis and endometriosis in 10 cases [31.51%] each. Factors predisposing to pelvic adhesion and uterine immobility were present in 16 patients [18.85%] who underwent AH and 3 [9.09%] with VH. AH was commonly performed on less parous and perimenopausal women with larger uteri while VH was chosen for elderly, more parous women with atrophic and prolapsed uterus
ABSTRACT
To document the practice and belief in offering prayers to have a favorable impact on healing among family practice patients at a teaching hospital in Karachi. This study was conducted at Community Health Centre, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan in July 2008. A questionnaire was designed that included the demographic profile of patients comprising age, sex, marital status, religion, religious sect, ethnic group, education and occupation as well as questions in accordance with the study objective. It was administered to 400 patients visiting outpatient department of the hospital against calculated sample size of 385. Participants were explained the study objective, a written consent was taken and full confidentiality was assured. The mean age of the study population was 34.33 years, majority of the patients were males [65%] with 65.6% having grade XII or more education. The majority of subjects was Urdu-speaking [76.5%] and belonged to Sunni sect [81.3%]. The practice of offering prayers for healing was found statistically significant with Sindhi, Katchi, Haro and Kashmiri groups [p-value=<0.001 each]; religious sects of Sunni [p-value=0.002] and Ismaili [p-value=<0.001] and with students [p-value=0.005]. The number of "Shia" sect participants was small but they all had offered prayers for healing. This practice was not found statistically significant with gender, marital status and education. Prayers for healing is practiced by 96.5% of the participants and 95.8% believe that it does cause healing. Almost ninety three percent of participants believe that religion gives us the concept of healing through prayers. According to 97.5% of the participants medical treatment should be combined along with prayers for healing. Prayer, its practice and belief in having a favorable impact on healing and recovery from illness is widespread among family practice patients. Modern day clinicians must give due consideration to this practice and belief among their patients