ABSTRACT
Background: Metabolic diseases such as diabetes mellitus [DM] were progressively widespread all over the world and the alteration of oxidative stress and antioxidants associated with DM was established
Aim of the Work: The natural products were used in many ancient cultures to overcome the DM, so pomegranate peel and olive leaves will be investigated in this work
Materials and Methods: Adult male albino rats [Sprague Dawley], weighing 220-250 g, were used in this study. Animals were classified into five groups, five rats in each group. Control group: rats were served as normal healthy control and were received no treatment but only normal chow diet and water ad libitum for 4 weeks. Diabetic group: rats were intraperitoneal injected with STZ at dose of 40 mg / kg b. wt. for a single dose. Diabetic and olive leaves extract group: diabetic rats were orally administered with watery extract of olive leaves at dose of 250 mg / kg b. wt. for 4 weeks. Diabetic and pomegranate peel extract group: diabetic rats were orally administered with pomegranate peel at 250 mg / kg b. wt. for 4 weeks. Diabetic and mix of olive leaves and pomegranate peel group: diabetic rats were orally administered with pomegranate peel and olive leaves at 250 mg / kg b. wt. for 4 weeks
Results: The oxidative stress markers such as lipid peroxidation and hydrogen peroxide were increased but there was a decrease in the antioxidants makers such as glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, reduced glutathione and total antioxidants capacity in the liver of diabetic rats. The expression of insulin receptor and glucose transporter 2 genes was inhibited in liver of diabetic rats. Watery extracts of olive leaves and pomegranate improved the biochemical and molecular changes associated with DM
Conclusion: The results showed a hypoglycaemic, hypocholesterolemic and hypolipidemic action of olive leaves and pomegranate peel
ABSTRACT
Fumes emitted from edible vegetable cooking oils during stir- and deep-frying are important contributors to indoor air pollution. Indoor air pollution may be increase the lung and liver cancer in Egypt in 2005. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of Egyptian cotton cooking oil fumes on rats. The exposed rats for 30 and 60 days to cotton oil fumes showed a significant increase in the lung and liver malondialdehyde levels which accompanied with a significant decrease in glutathione content. Also, there was a significant decrease in lung and liver superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione s-transferase activities. As well as, there was a significant decrease in serum amino acids levels, lung and liver nucleic acids and total proteins. These changes were obviously after 60 days than that of 30 days of exposure. DNA change was clear in the lungs of rats after cotton oil fumes exposed as showed by the differential display technique, P53 primer which used to study the expression of the p35 gene as well as to confirm and amplify these changes after oil fumes exposure. Band with different molecular weights were observed after the exposure and in protected groups but not presented in the control. More characterization for the changes had been carried out in the animal on two levels, one the DNA using RAPD-PCR and the other on the protein level using SDS-PAGE techniques. Also, vitamin E ameliorates these abnormalities to extent limit in all cases in this work