ABSTRACT
Objective: The Purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the contemporary in vivo scientific evidence for resin infiltration (RI) in aesthetic and restorative dentistry. Materials and Methods: The PubMed database was searched for randomized controlled trials that evaluated the in vivo effect of RI as an adjuvant treatment in aesthetic and restorative dentistry and recent trends in this contest. The keywords used were ‘resin infiltration, recent trends’, ‘resin infiltration, aesthetic dentistry’, ‘resin infiltration, restorative dentistry’, with the ‘clinical trial’ filter activated. Among the 170 articles originally identified with these keywords, only 04 were included for this review. Results: All 4 articles reported on resin infiltration with respect to aesthetic and restorative dentistry. One of the studies had been conducted on 21 consecutive subjects with 39 quadrants in each group in which Resin infiltration improves the esthetic appearance of demineralized teeth. The results showed enough durability for over 6 months. The quality of the studies was assessed to be high with respect to simple randomization, controlled trial design. All the researches included showed color stability and improvement with respect to adjacent enamel surfaces after treatment with RI when compared with the baseline control group over a specific period. Conclusion: This systematic review revealed that RI appeared to be an effective method to improve an aesthetic and restorative outcome in terms of appearance and longevity of the restoration.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To determine the total polyphenol content,antioxidant activity and antibacterial properties of the extracts of different Bangladeshi tea varieties such as flowery broken orange pekoe,broken orange pekoe,red dust and green tea.Methods:Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined by Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride colorimetric assay,respectively.The antioxidant capacity was determined by ferric ion reducing antioxidant power and phosphomolybdenum method.Antibacterial activity was evaluated by disc diffusion method in agar plate and subsequently,the minimum inhibitory concentration was determined by broth dilution method.Results:Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were significantly higher (P ＜ 0.05) in green tea compared to other three black tea varieties.The green tea also showed a higher free radical scavenging amd antioxidant activities than all the other tea varieties tested (P ＜ 0.05).In addition,the extracts of all four tea varieties showed inhibitory activity against several pathogenic bacteria and also the same trend of higher antimicrobial activity of green tea than other tea varieties was observed.Contusions:Taken together,the results of this study demonstrated that Bangladeshi tea,especially the green tea,may act as a substitute for natural antioxidants and as a promising antibacterial agent for bcncficial influence in human health.
ABSTRACT
Background: Asthma, being a chronic inflammatory disease requires not only medical treatment but also complimentary healthcare, self-management strategies and interventions for the appropriate management and possible prevention of attack as well as reduction of school absences and days of restricted activity and decrease emergency room utilization
Methods: Randomized clinical trial [RCT] data reviewed for outcomes and processes associated with asthma educational and behavioral interventions provided by different types of health professionals. The study group has synthesized studies that identified barriers and interventions to improve asthma symptoms and management in children through searching in MEDLINE, Cochrane EMBASE, TOXLine and CINAHL considering papers starting from 1999
Results: Physician-led interventions were most successful for outcomes related to the use of health care. Multidisciplinary teams were best in achieving symptom reduction and quality of life. Lay persons were best in achieving self-management/self-efficacy outcomes. Components most frequently employed in successful programs are skills to improve patient-clinician communication and education to enhance patient self-management. Fifty percent of interventions achieved reduction in the use of health care and one-third in symptom control. A combination approach including self-management and patient-clinician communication involving multidisciplinary team members may have the greatest effect on most outcomes
Conclusion: Strong evidences suggest that the development of self-management and clinician-patient communication skills are essentially required and considered as critical factors for Asthma patients particularly children symptoms alleviation and outcomes improvement in the long term. This can be achieved by appropriate self-care, awareness programs through effective educational and behavioral intervention which are crucial components associated with success across outcomes and providers
Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Behavior , Health Education , Patient Outcome Assessment , Child , Randomized Controlled Trials as TopicABSTRACT
Sodium deficiency is one of the most common entities a clinician encounter in daily life. Various different causes and types are there. Appropriate assessment of cause and proper in time management is key as it is most frequent electrolyte disorder and more important is it is also most frequently neglected and over looked one. So timely diagnosis and management decreases morbidity and mortality
Subject(s)
Humans , Delayed Diagnosis , Hyponatremia/etiologyABSTRACT
In youthful skin, the collagen support is intact and the skin remains moisturized and stretchy. It is flexible to numerous facial expressions that have been espoused, as well as on a daily basis atmospheric/environmental exposure. However, as the time passes the support and organization declines and the skin becomes unable to restore its elasticity. The skin commences to lose its attitude as the collagen support deteriorates. Whenever someone grin, frowns, or squint, it put strain on the collagen in the skin. The consequence of these facial expressions is collective and facial lines initiate to become visible. This review covers the advancements of injectable fillers for filling in wrinkles or creases in the face. To achieve the finest results in treating facial wrinkles or depressions, the suitable filler must be injected with a skill that suits best the individual indication. Fillers are classified as resorbable and non-resorbable stable fillers. With resorbable fillers only a provisional result can be obtained, that means the patient has to experience cyclical management. Whereas with non-resorbable fillers long-term fall out can be attained that may last for years and even decades. All fillers may have side effects like swelling, erythema, nodules subsequent to treatment and in very rare cases years after the injection odd body granulomas may produce that may be defiant to treat
ABSTRACT
Electrolyte derangements are common sequel of traumatic brain injury. Use of intravenous fluids, diuretics, syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion and cerebral salt washing are some of the factors responsible for this. Proper in time detection followed by appropriate treatment not only improves neurological status but also decrease morbidity and mortality. This study was conducted to know serum derangements of different electrolytes in patients with traumatic brain injury. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan from Feb 2009 to Feb 2010. All adult patients with traumatic brain injury who presented to Neurosurgical department with severe head injury [GCS <8] and who need monitoring in high dependency unit, were included in this study. Initially twice daily serum electrolyte monitoring for one week then once daily for remaining period of hospital stay was carried out. All samples were sent to Pathology department of Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad. Patients who need corrective measures for imbalance had repetition of sampling after giving appropriate therapy. Statistical analysis was performed on SPSS-16. Total 215 patients presented with severe head injury that were managed in high dependency unit. Out of which 127 [59.1%] were male and 88 [40.9%] were females. Most of them were adults between 21-40 years of age [21.4%; 24.7%]. Sodium was the main electrolyte that underwent change and out of which hyper-natremia was major abnormality that occurred in 140 [65.1%] of patients. This is followed by hypo-kalemia that occurred in 79 [36.7%] of patients. Serum calcium and magnesium levels show little derangements. Electrolyte imbalance following traumatic head injury is an important cause to look for in patient monitoring. Sodium is the chief electrolytes of concern. Serum potassium and calcium levels also under goes notable changes
ABSTRACT
Background: Acne vulgaris is treated by topical and or systemic antibiotics, vitamins and some keratolytics. Micro dermabrasion, a modified technique, useful for scar removal is more natural, gentler and less invasive tool for doing exfoliation
Objective: To observe the comparative effects of diamond dermabrasion on post acne/inflammatory scaring with or without oral Isotretinoin and its probable side effects
Patients and Methods: A total of 232 patients of post acne/inflammatory scaring were randomly enrolled. In this experimental study out of which 159 females were divided into two groups, Fl of 80 and F2 of 79 females. The F1 was prescribed on Isotretinoin 20 mg/day for 45 successive days after diamond dermabrasion performed by NOVA NV60. F2 received no further treatment after the procedure. The males were divided into Ml and M2, of 37 and 36 in each group respectively and were given isotretinoin 20mg/day in Ml group and no treatment in M2 group
Results: In female groups, 82.55% experienced non-inflammatory lesions, erythema in 80%, desquamation in 21.25%, mild to moderate inflammatory lesions in 17.5%, dryness in 88.75%, pruritus in 32.50% and stinging /burning in 13.75% was observed in Group F1. In group F2 these percentages were 74.68%, 77.2%, 17.72%, 25%, 79.74%, 43.03%, and 24.05% of the same parameters, respectively. F1were graded for progress, 02 females were of grade 0, 13 women obtained grade 1, 41 patients of Grade 2 and 24 females were of Grade 3. The progress grades for F2 were, Grade O had 11 females, Grade 1 had 27, Grade 2 had 38 while Grade 3 had only 03 females. In male group Ml, 78.37% experienced non-inflammatory lesions, erythema in 83.78%, 29.72% had desquamation, 21% had mild to moderate inflammatory lesions, dryness in 89.18%, pruritus in 78.37% and stinging/burning in 16.20% in Group Ml. In group M2 these percentage s were 83.33%, 94.44%, 36.11, 25%, 83.33%, 77% and 27.77% of the same parameters, respectively. Progress grades for M1 were; Grade O for 04, Grade 1 for 10, Grade 2 for 16 and Grade 3 for 07. For M2 the same grading system was followed and Grade O had 02, Grade 1 for 19, Grade 2 were 11 and Grade 3 was 04
Conclusion: The suggestion of prescription oflsotretinoin following Diamond Dermabrasion is due to the powerful epithelial generation by the vitamin A analogue. This effect provides good and early healing of the abraded skin. However further studies are suggested with larger sample size
ABSTRACT
A 21 years old male with a history of mitral valve repair for mitral regurgitation is discussed. He was presented with a history of fever and loose motions for one month and shortness of breath for 03 days. Chest radiograph and ECG was within normal limits. Total leukocyte count was elevated and antibodies to salmonella typhi were positive. Blood culture revealed Salmonella typhi growth. Echocardiography revealed small echogenic masses on mitral valve. He responded to treatment with ceftriaxone given for 4 weeks. This is a rare case where Somonella typhi was isolated from blood of a patient with echocardiographic evidence of documented mitral valve disease and endcarditis
ABSTRACT
Objects contaminated with blood and other body fluids of patients suffering from hepatitis B and C are an occupational health hazard to the health care personnel and a source of nosocomial spread. This descriptive cross sectional study estimated the frequency of hepatitis B surface antigen [HBsAg] and anti hepatitis C antibody [Anti HCV] positive patients among those undergoing a urological procedure in a tertiary care teaching hospital. A sample size of 550 patients was estimated using Stat Calc for Epi Info. A cluster off 558 patients were included. Ninety five [17%] were positive for serum HBsAg and/or anti HCV by Elisa. Gender/sex, admission year, urological diagnosis did not predict statistically significant relationship with the positive status. Past surgical history was marginally significant. In conclusion, all patients undergoing a urological procedure should be checked for anti HCV and HBsAg. A solid policy outlining the preventive practices is needed to stop this high burden of hepatitis turning into public health disaster
Subject(s)
Humans , Aged , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Hepatitis C/epidemiology , Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/blood , Cross-Sectional Studies , Hospitals, Teaching , Hepatitis C/immunologyABSTRACT
This is a case report of a young man, who had an acute coronary event followed by angioplasty. On further workup he was found out to have hyper-homocysteinemia
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Chest Pain/etiology , Coronary Angiography , Homocysteine/blood , Hyperhomocysteinemia/diagnosis , Hyperhomocysteinemia/drug therapy , Electroencephalography , Diagnosis, DifferentialABSTRACT
A seroepidemiologic study for hepatitis B and Human immunodeficiency viruses was conducted at the blood bank of Ayub Teaching Hospital Abbottabad. Volunteer blood donors from during the period 01-6-99 to 31-8-99 were selected. For Hepatitis B virus, surface antigen was used and for Human Immunodeficiency virus Human Antibodies were used as viral detection. Out of these 960 donors 18 [1.55%] were hepatitis B surface antigen positive and the remaining were negative. The 18 [1.55%]positive donors were males only