ABSTRACT
Background: Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease [GERD] is a condition which develops when the reflux of gastric content causes troublesome symptoms or complications. GERD is arguably the most common disease encountered by the gastroenterologist. It is equally likely that the primary care providers will find that complaints related to reflux disease constitute a large proportion of their practice.[1] GERD condition can present with different presentations and the response to the intervention significantly differs from patient to patient. As a result reviewing the new literatures done in this field will help in providing a better outcomes for the patients
Objective: Treating patients with GERD is difficult and needs different approaches. In this paper, we reviewed the major and the latest studies regarding GERD symptomatology, risk factors, diagnosis and management
Method: A comprehensive search was done using biomedical databases; Medline, and PubMed, for studies concerned with assessment of GERD. Keywords used in our search through the databases were as; ''GERD Pathophysiology'', ''GERD Classification'', and ''GERD Management''
Conclusion: GERD is a condition which develops when the reflux of gastric content causes troublesome symptoms such as heartburn, regurgitation, and sleep disturbance. GERD can be diagnosed by various measures such as GERD Questionnaire, PH Monitoring, and Upper Endoscopy. Initially GERD can be managed by simple life modification measures, then physicians can add Protons Pump Inhibitors [PPIs], and Histamine 2 Receptor Blocker [H2RBs]. In case of PPIs and H2RBs failure in reliving GERD symptoms physicians may go for anti-reflux surgical interventions
ABSTRACT
Background: A substantial group of patients with gallstone disease experience negative outcome after surgical removal of the gallbladder [cholecystectomy]. Early identification of these patients is important
Purpose: The purpose of the study was to recognize predictors [trait anxiety and clinical symptoms] of negative symptomatic outcomes at 5 weeks after cholecystectomy
Materials and Methods: Consecutive patients [n=66], 18-60 years, with symptomatic gallstone disease, completed symptom checklists and the state-trait anxiety inventory preoperatively and at 6 weeks after cholecystectomy. Results: High trait anxiety was the only predictor of persistence of biliary symptoms at 6 weeks after cholecystectomy [OR=6.79]
Conclusion: In addition to clinical symptoms, high trait anxiety is a predictor of negative symptomatic outcome at 6 weeks after cholecystectomy. Trait anxiety should be evaluated to aim at a patient-tailored approach in gallstone disease
ABSTRACT
Background: Menopause is the estimated end of reproductive life. Having a positive attitude towards it has been shown to outcome in a positive experience, whereas a negative attitude is connected with negative experiences and symptoms. Conventionally, women regularly abstain from sex after menopause
Purpose: The study aimed to determine the level of awareness and perceptions about the menopause and sex in perimenopausal women attending a general outpatient clinic
Methods: Women over 40 years were enlisted from the Family Medicine Department of King Abdulaziz Hospital, excluding those who were menopausal. Data analyses were done with chi-square test [P<0.05]. The study was done according to the ethical board of Umm Al Qura university
Results: Most [151; 85.8%] of the 176 surveyed participants were aware of the menopause. Only 36.1% anticipated associated symptoms. About half [55.68%] were indifferent to menopause onset, while 23.3% had a positive attitude and 21.11% had a negative attitude, respectively. Younger women were less likely to have a positive attitude to the menopause [P=0.04]. There were negative cultural beliefs towards sex. Sexual activity was low and declined with age [P<0.001]. Many women would like treatment to improve their sexual activity
Conclusion: Most participants had a favourable disposition towards the menopause, though sexual relationships suffer. Counselling and treatment should be offered