ABSTRACT
Background: A peak in sudden death during night, disturbed metabolic profile and cardiovascular diseases are the main source of health deterioration and deaths in Obstructive sleep apnoea [OSA] patients. Interest has been focused in recent years to understand the interactions between OSA and cardio-vascular diseases [CVDs]. Studies advocate the possible causal role of OSA in development of abnormal lipid profile which may place a person at a high risk of CVDs progression. Objective of the present study was to examine the effects of OSA on lipid metabolism in our local population in Karachi
Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was carried out on 100 individuals, including 50 OSA patients and 50 age and BMI matched controls in Sleep Lab, Dow University of Health Sciences, Ojha Campus, Karachi. After verbal and written informed consent, history and complete physical examination was carried out. Individuals having sign and symptoms of OSA and positive Epworth Sleep Scale [ESS] score went through over night polysomnography to diagnose their OSA and its severity. All the elements of lipid profile including high density lipoproteins, low density lipoproteins, total cholesterol and triglycerides were examined and compared with a group of persons without sleep disturbance to determine their correlations with OSA by using SPSS-20
Results: Frequency of dyslipidemia was higher in OSA group. Mean total cholesterol [TC], triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein [LDL] were higher in OSA patients but difference didn't reach to statistically significant level, while mean high-density lipoproteins [HDL] was significantly higher in OSA group. Frequency of subjects with high serum total cholesterol was significantly higher in OSA group. Disturbance in all lipid profile components showed more subjects with abnormal levels in moderate and severe apnoea groups as compare to mild apnoea group, however; high triglycerides showed strong association with the severity of apnoea
Conclusion: OSA is associated with disturbed lipid metabolism in our local population
ABSTRACT
Objective: To determine the frequency of Hyperamylasemia leading to respiratory failure in patients of organophosphate poisoning
Study Design: Observational / descriptive study
Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the Department of Medicine Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi from June 2014 to June 2015
Materials and Methods: A total of 168 patients of Organophosphate poisoning fulfilling the inclusion criteria were included in the study. Blood was drawn after aseptic measures by a trained phlebotomist for Serum Amylase level and Arterial blood gases. Value more than 101U/L was taken as hyperamylasemia. PaO[2] less than 60mmHg or PCO[2] greater than 55mg was labeled as respiratory failure. All information was noted on proforma
Results: There were 59% were male and 41% were female. Frequency of hyperamylasemia in patients of organophosphate poisoning was 44%. Frequency of respiratory failure in hyperamylasemia in patients was observed in 68%. Respiratory failure was significantly high in male than female [70% vs. 30%; p=0.019]
Conclusion: Hyperamylasemia is more frequently seen in organophosphate poisoning. In patients with respiratory failure the mortality is very high; therefore we recommended early diagnosis, careful monitoring and appropriate management of complications in reducing the mortality rate