ABSTRACT
Objective: To assess the effects of anastrozole use as hormonal treatment of breast cancer on the serum estrogen level in an animal model
Study Design: Laboratory based randomized controlled trial
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Anatomy, Army Medical College, Rawalpindi in collaboration with National Institute of Health, Islamabad, 7 months from Jun 2012 to Nov 2012
Material and Methods: Thirty adult female rabbits [New Zealand] average weight 1.2 to 2 kg and age between 6 months to 2 years were selected. Ten were kept in control group A and 10 were kept in experimental groups B and C each. Group B was given anastrozole in the dose parallel to normal human dose and group C was given a dose 10 times higher than the normal dose for six months. After the completion of the study blood estrogen levels were taken to evaluate serum estrogen level of the groups. The results were compared among the groups for statistical significance by using SPSS version 21
Result: After maintaining a steady dose of anastrozole in both experimental groups for six months, blood samples were taken to calculate the mean serum level of estrogen in each group the normal level was 186.1 +/- 63.59 pmol/L in group A and 116.4 +/- 48.58 pmol/L and 108.2 +/- 20.40 pmol/L in experimental groups B and C respectively. The p-value was 0.008 which was statistically significant. The p-value between the control and experimental group C was 0.003 which is also highly significant. The comparison of the serum estrogen levels of both the experimental groups B and C was found to be statistically insignificant
Conclusion: Adminstration of normal dose of anastrazoledecreases serum estrogen levels. This decrease is significant statistically. Increasing the dose of anastrozole decreases the serum estrogen levels but this decrease is not significant statistically
ABSTRACT
Objective: To determine the effect of oral iron administration on pregnant rats on the diameter of cells of growth plate of rat pups
Study Design: Experimental study
Place and Duration of Study: Anatomy Department, Army Medical College, Rawalpindi in collaboration with National Institute of Health [NIH], Islamabad from March to November 2016
Methodology: Group A containing 8 pregnant rats was control group, and group B containing same number of pregnant rats was the study group. Control group A was on standard diet throughout pregnancy. Iron was given to the experimental group B for 21 days [throughout pregnancy] in the form of syrup 0.5ml daily [2.75 mg of elemental iron] given in water. Rat infants were born via spontaneous vaginal delivery. Inclusion criteria for infants was pups born at term which were active and taking feed. Femur from each rat infant of right side was removed for the growth plate investigation. Processing, embedding and staining with Hematoxylin and Eosin, Perl's stain for histological study was done. The cell diameter in hypertrophy and proliferative zone was evaluated. Mean values of the diameter of chondrocytes in both the zones of growth cartilage of femur were measured
Results: Diameter of the cells in hypertrophy and proliferative zones was considerably decreased in group B as compared to group A
Conclusion: Administration of iron during pregnancy with normal iron status can disturb growth of the rat infant through its accumulation in the epiphyseal plate of femur. The cell diameter of the hypertrophy and proliferative zones was markedly reduced in iron administered group as compared to the control group
ABSTRACT
Objective: To determine the effect of soyabean oil supplementation on perivascular inflammation in lungs of adult mice induced by Bisphenol A [BPA]
Study Design: An experimental study
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Anatomy, Army Medical College, Rawalpindi, in collaboration with the Animal House, National Institute of Health, Islamabad, from June to November 2016
Methodology: Thirty male and female BALB/c mice were divided into three groups, of 10 animals each. Group A animals served as control. Group B animals were given BPA at a dose of 50 mg/Kg body weight/day. Group C animals were given BPA and soyabean oil at doses of 50 mg/Kg body weight/day and 500 mg/day, respectively. All treatments were given once daily for a period of eight weeks. Animals were dissected 24 hours after receiving the last dose. Lung tissue specimen processing and H and E staining was carried out for routine histological study. Perivascular inflammation was morphometrically graded and statistically analysed using Chi-square test with p<0.05
Results: Grade 2 inflammation was recorded in two [20%] animals and grade 3 perivascular inflammation in 80% specimens in Group B; whereas 20% specimens of Group C had grade 2 inflammation and eight [80%] showed grade 1 inflammation. None of the control animals showed any inflammation. All groups were significantly different at p<0.001
Conclusion: BPA produced perivascular inflammation and con-commitant administration of soyabean oil diet protected against it in rodent
ABSTRACT
Objective: To study the effect of iron supplementation during pregnancy on epiphyseal growth plate of Sprague dawley rat pups. Study Design: Laboratory based randomized control trial. Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at Department of Anatomy, Army Medical College Rawalpindi in collaboration with National Institute of Health [NIH] Islamabad, from Mar 2016 to Nov 2016
Material and Methods: Eight female and two male Sprague Dawley rats, 3-4 months old were selected and divided into two groups and kept for breeding. Pregnant rats were divided into two groups. Four pregnant rats in each group. Group A1was control group and group B1 was experimental group. Iron supplementation was given once daily throughout pregnancy till the time of delivery. Iron was given to the experimental group in syrup form [Sytron syrup containing iron as sodium feredetate]. Each 5ml of sytron syrup contains 27.5mg of elemental iron content1. The dose was mixed in water given to the animal. Maternal body weight [wt.] was recorded at the start and the end of experiment. As the rat pups were born, they were weighed and euthanized. Right femur of each rat pup was removed for the epiphyseal plate analysis. It was processed, embedded and stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin, Perl's stain for histological study. Hypertrophy and proliferative zone length were histologically and statistically analyzed
Results: Height of hypertrophy and proliferative zone was measured. Mean values of the heights of two zones were taken. Heights of hypertrophy and proliferative zones were considerably decreased in group B1 as compared to groups A1
Conclusion: Indiscriminate iron supplementation to the rats throughout pregnancy without checking serum iron levels can disturb the longitudinal growth of epiphyseal plate of femur. The height of the hypertrophy zone and proliferative zone was significantly reduced in iron supplementation group as compared to the control group