ABSTRACT
Objective:To evaluate the insecticide,larvicidal and repellent activity of the essential oils from Callistemon vimindis,Melaleuca leueadendron,and Hyptis suaveolens against Chrysodeixischalcites and to compare it with neem oil (Azadirachta indica).Methods:The essential oils of the leaves of these aromatiques plants were extracted by steam distillation and contacts tests were carried out.Results:Essential oils in ethanol from Callistemon viminalis showed a higher biological activity than the neem with 100％ larval mortality at the concentration of 2 μg/mL for 6 h,100％ and 90％ in ethanol from Melaleuca leucadendron and Hyptis suaveolens,respectively at the concentration of 4 μg/mL for 24 h.By inhalation,the essential oils from Melaleuca leucadendron and of Hyptis suaveolens were more effective with mortality rates of larvae 100％ and 50％ respectively at 2 μg/L air applied after 24 h.Nevertheless,the neem has shown to be a repulsive plant and anti-nutritional plant.A significant difference in the percentages of consumption between leaves treated with neem oil and the control samples was observed (Newman-Keuls test) except for Melaleucaleucadendron.Conclusions:The results of the study highlight remarkable biocide,properties of tested extracts,which provides important opportunities for the development of biopesticides.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To isolate and identify the compounds in the essential oils from the leaves of Callistemon viminalis (D.R.) and Melaleuca leucadendron (Linn.) collected in Dakar,Senegal.Methods:The essential oils from the leaves of these two myrtaceaes were extracted by steam distillation and analyzed by gas chromatograph and gas chromatography-mass spectrometer.Results:A total of 34 constituents were identified in the oil of Callistemon viminalis and the major compounds were 1.8-cineole (58.12％),limonene (9.72％),α-terpineol (9.56％),geranial (6.02％),δ-elemene (3.53％),myrcene (2.96％) and α-pinene (2.49％).For the essential oil of Melaleuca leucadendron,43 constituents were identified,and 1.8-cineole (28.87％),epiglobulol (23.06％),α-pinene (12.22％),limonene (11.65％) and α-terpineol (7.06％) were major compounds.Conclusions:Considering properties of the identified major compounds,essential oils of both studied myrtaceae could be used in the medicine field including the food,pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry.