ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate hantanvirus infection of captured rodents in Haidian district and Changping district of Beijing and to type hantavirus using molecular technique.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The captured mice were classified and the density of distribution was calculated. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique was used to amplify the partial M fragnments of hantaviruse. Several representative positive samples were sequenced and analysed by ClustalX (5.0) and DNAClub software.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 414 animals were captured, among which Battus norvegicus was the dominant group. In Haidian district, the median infection rates with hantavirus were 13.14% in Battus norvegicus and 0 in Mus musculus Linnaeus. In Changping district, the average infection rates were 17.46% in Battus norvegicus and 3.57% in Mus musculus Linnaeus. Nucleotide sequences analysis showed that the virus detected all belonged to SEO-type. They clustered with Z37 virus and could be branched into 2 different subclades.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The major hosts of hantavirus in Haidian and Changping district were Battus norvegicus and the epidemic strains in the two districts of Beijing were genotyped as SEO-type. Nucleotide sequence and deduced amino acid sequence from different rodents were highly homologous, while nucleotide mutation had also been observed. Further studies are required to explore the possible virus sequence mutation.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Rats , China , Epidemiology , DNA, Viral , Genetics , Disease Reservoirs , Fluorescent Antibody Technique , Orthohantavirus , Classification , Genetics , Hantavirus Infections , Epidemiology , Virology , Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome , Epidemiology , Virology , Molecular Epidemiology , Phylogeny , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction , Rodent Diseases , Epidemiology , VirologyABSTRACT
<p><b>AIM</b>To study the effects of sodium magnesium fructose diphosphate (SMFD) on free calcium concentration and nitric oxide synthase activity of ischemic synaptosome, so as to explore the protective mechanisms of SMFD on cerebral ischemia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The synaptosomes from normal rat brain were prepared by phase partition and cultured with oxygen-glucose deprivation to establish ischemic synaptosome model. The intrasynaptosomal free calcium concentration and nitric oxide synthase activity were detected separately after the synaptosomes were co-incubated with SMFD (1.3 mmol.L-1) or fructose-1, 6-diphosphate (FDP, 4.0 mmol.L-1) for 60 min.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>SMFD decreased the free calcium concentration and reduced the activity of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) of ischemic synaptosomes. Its effects were more powerful than those of FDP.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>SMFD may protect neurons from ischemic injury by preventing intracellular Ca2+ overload and inhibiting the activity of nitric oxide synthase.</p>