Advance in the chemotherapy resistance of retinoblastoma / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

Retinoblastoma(RB)is the most common intraocular malignant tumor of children. Chemotherapy is a preferred method in RB treatment, which includes intravenous chemotherapy, intra-arterial chemotherapy and intravitreal chemotherapy. However, the occurrence of chemotherapy resistance often leads to the failure of eye-preserving treatment in RB patients. Therefore, exploring the mechanism of the occurrence of chemotherapy resistance and searching for new strategies and combined medicines for RB treatment are of great clinical significance. This article reviews that RB cells obtain chemotherapy resistance through ATP binding cassette protein(ABC transporter), non-coding RNA, epigenetics modification, autophagy, epithelial mesenchymal transformation, extracellular matrix changes and other ways, and the potential therapeutic targets for chemotherapy resistance are also summarized, in the hope of providing some references for further research on chemotherapy resistance of RB.

Status of fungal sepsis among preterm infants in 25 neonatal intensive care units of tertiary hospitals in China / 中华儿科杂志

Objective: To analyze the prevalence and the risk factors of fungal sepsis in 25 neonatal intensive care units (NICU) among preterm infants in China, and to provide a basis for preventive strategies of fungal sepsis. Methods: This was a second-analysis of the data from the "reduction of infection in neonatal intensive care units using the evidence-based practice for improving quality" study. The current status of fungal sepsis of the 24 731 preterm infants with the gestational age of <34+0 weeks, who were admitted to 25 participating NICU within 7 days of birth between May 2015 and April 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. These preterm infants were divided into the fungal sepsis group and the without fungal sepsis group according to whether they developed fungal sepsis to analyze the incidences and the microbiology of fungal sepsis. Chi-square test was used to compare the incidences of fungal sepsis in preterm infants with different gestational ages and birth weights and in different NICU. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to study the outcomes of preterm infants with fungal sepsis, which were further compared with those of preterm infants without fungal sepsis. The 144 preterm infants in the fungal sepsis group were matched with 288 preterm infants in the non-fungal sepsis group by propensity score-matched method. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the risk factors of fungal sepsis. Results: In all, 166 (0.7%) of the 24 731 preterm infants developed fungal sepsis, with the gestational age of (29.7±2.0) weeks and the birth weight of (1 300±293) g. The incidence of fungal sepsis increased with decreasing gestational age and birth weight (both P<0.001). The preterm infants with gestational age of <32 weeks accounted for 87.3% (145/166). The incidence of fungal sepsis was 1.0% (117/11 438) in very preterm infants and 2.0% (28/1 401) in extremely preterm infants, and was 1.3% (103/8 060) in very low birth weight infants and 1.7% (21/1 211) in extremely low birth weight infants, respectively. There was no fungal sepsis in 3 NICU, and the incidences in the other 22 NICU ranged from 0.7% (10/1 397) to 2.9% (21/724), with significant statistical difference (P<0.001). The pathogens were mainly Candida (150/166, 90.4%), including 59 cases of Candida albicans and 91 cases of non-Candida albicans, of which Candida parapsilosis was the most common (41 cases). Fungal sepsis was independently associated with increased risk of moderate to severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) (adjusted OR 1.52, 95%CI 1.04-2.22, P=0.030) and severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) (adjusted OR 2.55, 95%CI 1.12-5.80, P=0.025). Previous broad spectrum antibiotics exposure (adjusted OR=2.50, 95%CI 1.50-4.17, P<0.001), prolonged use of central line (adjusted OR=1.05, 95%CI 1.03-1.08, P<0.001) and previous total parenteral nutrition (TPN) duration (adjusted OR=1.04, 95%CI 1.02-1.06, P<0.001) were all independently associated with increasing risk of fungal sepsis. Conclusions: Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis are the main pathogens of fungal sepsis among preterm infants in Chinese NICU. Preterm infants with fungal sepsis are at increased risk of moderate to severe BPD and severe ROP. Previous broad spectrum antibiotics exposure, prolonged use of central line and prolonged duration of TPN will increase the risk of fungal sepsis. Ongoing initiatives are needed to reduce fungal sepsis based on these risk factors.

Clinical Features of Pregnant Women with Thalassemia in Non Endemic Area / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinical features of pregnant women with thalassemia in non endemic area, and to prevent the births of babies with intermedia or major thalassemia.@*METHODS@#Two hundred and thirty-five pregnants women with thalassemia diagnosed from March 2015 to April 2016 in our hospital were enrolled and retrospectively analysed. The blood routine and hemoglobin electrophoresis were performed respectively by XN-9000 automatic blood cell analyzer and HYDRASYS hemoglobin electrophoresis apparatus. The three commonest deletion of α-thalassemia, the three non-deletion α-thalassemia and 21 known β-thalassemia mutation were all detected by fluorescence melting curve analysis.@*RESULTS@#Among 235 pregnant women of thalassemia, the majority were β-thalassemia, which were followed by α-thalassemia and composite thalassemia. Most pregnant women showed a mild anemia, and suffered from microcytic anemia, but less suffered from iron deficiency anemia. The ratio of second-child pregnant women was increased, and the ratio was close to one third both in α-thalassemia and β-thalassemia patients, and 75% patients were composite thalassemia. HbF was found to be more in native pregnant women with β-thalassemia. Hemoglobin isomer was easy to found in the pregnant with α-thalassemia, and they were all non native. The genotype of --@*CONCLUSION@#More pregnant women with thalassemia are founded to be in non endemic area, and shows their own unique clinical features. It is certainly to detect thalassemia mutation in their spouse and their babies, to prevent the births of babies with intermedia or major thalassemia.

Differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells into corneal epithelial-like cells by conditioned medium / 解剖学报

Objective: To investigate the feasibility of inducing human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) to differentiate into corneal epithelial-like cells by conditioned medium (CM). Methods: DPSCs were isolated and identified by flow cytometry. The effect of basal medium (BM) and different CM on the proliferation activity of DPSCs was detected by cell counting kit-8(CCK-8) assay. DPSCs were induced by 30%CM, 60%CM, 90%CM. The cells cultured in BM were negative control group. Corneal epithelial cells markers cytokeratin 3 (CK3) and cytokeratin 12 (CK12) were detected by immunofluorescence assay. Results: There was no significant difference in the proliferation activity of DPSCs between BM group and different CM group (P > 0. 05). Cells in the 30%, 60%, 90% CM group did not express CK3 after 3 days induction, cells in the 60%and the 90%CM group began to express CK12; CK3 and CK12 were expressed in the 30%, 60%, 90%CM group after 7 days; At the 11th and 14th day, cells continued to express CK3 and CK12 in the 30%, 60%, and 90% CM groups. No expression of CK3 and CK12 was observed in the BM group. Conclusion: DPSCs are capable of differentiating into corneal epithelial-like cells under the induction of CM.

Study and application of multidirectional differentiation potential of dental pulp stem cells / 生物医学工程学杂志

Dental pulp stem cells(DPSCs) are adult stem cells with strong proliferative ability, self-renewal ability and multidirectional differentiation potential. DPSCs have abundant source are easy to obtain, and do not have ethical problems. As seed cells, they played an important role and showed great potential in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, making them potential ideal seed cells for repairation and regeneration of tissue and organ. Clinical application of DPSCs in bone regeneration has already been achieved, and studies on differentiation of DPSCs into other tissues are still at different levels of basic stage. In this paper, the research and application of directional differentiation potential such as tooth formation, osteogenesis, and nerve formation are reviewed in order to provide clues and ideas for further study on DPSCs in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.

Evaluation of effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine nursing training based on Kirkpatrick's model / 中华护理杂志

Objective To evaluate the effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) nursing training based on Kirkpatrick's model relying on TCM hospitals.Methods Totally 77 clinical nurses from 50 medical institutions in Hangzhou were enrolled for TCM training.The four levels of Kirkpatrick's model including reaction,learning,behavior and results were applied for the evaluation together with questionnaires,paper-based exams,scene simulation method and semi-structured interviews.Results Nurses' attendance was over 85％,and average score of training satisfaction was 96.32±5.91 which lied between highly satisfied and very satisfied.TCM knowledge and skills were higher after training(P＜0.05).The scores of self-evaluation and peer evaluation were higher after training(P＜0.05).The numbers of projectsand personnel to practice TCM in the department or outpatient clinic were higher after training (P＜0.05).The patient satisfaction was over 82％.The themes of training benefits among nurses were reaching the expected values,growth and harvest,and expectation of continuous learning.Conclusion Using Kirkpatrick's model as the evaluation tool can evaluate the effects of TCM nursing training relying on TCM hospitals in a comprehensive and long-term manner,and improve the quality of training.

Proliferation and Apoptosis of Leukemia Cell Line K562 Treated with HSP90 Inhibitor 17-DMAG / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the role of HSP90 in proliferation and apoptosis of leukemia cells K562 through detecting the effect of HSP90 inhibitors 17-[2-(Dimethylamino) ethyl] amino-17-desmethoxygeldanamycin(17-DMAG) on leukemia K562 cell lines.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The K562 cells were treated with HSP90 inhibitors 17-DMAG, the semi-quantitative PCR was used to detect HSP90 gene expression, the WST was used to detect the effect 17-DMAG on cell proliferation as well as Annexin V flow cytometry was used to detect the cell apoptosis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After 17-DMAG treated the K562 cells in different stage, the K562 cell growth was obviously inhibited with time dependent (48 h)(r=0.9918) and dose dependent(3.2 µmol/L) manners (r=0.9999) (P<0.01); after the K562 cells in different stage were treated with different concentrations of 17-DMAG, the K562 cells showed significant apoptosis and with dosage-dependent mauner (r=0.9903)(P<0.01); HSP90 mRNA expression decreased significantly after K562 cells were treated with different concentrations of 17-DMAG for 48 hours. 17-DAMG down-regulated the HSP90 mRNA expression in dosage-dependent mauner as well(r=0.9227) (P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>HSP90 inhibitor 17-DMAG can inhibit the proliferation of K562 cells and induce their apoptosis. This study result provides laboratory basis for the treatment of leukemia patients with 17-DMAG.</p>

Effect of Heat Shock Protein 90 Inhibitor 17-DMAG on Proliferation and Apoptosis of Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia Cell Line Jurkat / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effect of heat shock protein 90(HSP90) inhibitor 17-DMAG, an inhibitor specific for heat shock protein 90, on the proliferation and apoptosis of acute lymphocytic leukemia cell lines Jurkat.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Jurkat cells were collected, then were treated with 17-DMAG. The expression of HSP90 was examined by semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis, the effect of 17-DMAG on cell proliferation were detected by using WST, and cell apoptosis were detected by using flow cytometry with Annexin V/PI double stenining.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After Jurkat cells were treated with different concentrations of 17-DMAG for 48 hours, the HSP90 mRNA expression decreased significantly in dose dependent manner (r=0.9530, P<0.01). The ICwas 3.17 mmol/L when the Jurkat cells were treated with 17-DMAG for 48 h; after treating Jurkat cell with 17-DMAG, the cell proliferation was inhibited(r=0.9903, P< 0.01), the cell apoptosis was increased in dose dependent manner (r=0.9876, P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>17-DMAG can inhibit the Jurkat cell proliferation and induce the Jurkat cell apoptosis.</p>

Clinical observation of somnipathy in stroke treated with Warming Meridian and Dissipating Could Lotion by lavipeditum and psychotherapy / 中草药

Objective: To verify the clinical efficacy of Warming Meridian and Dissipating Could Lotion by lavipeditum and psychotherapy on somnipathy in stroke. Methods: Two hundred patients of cerebral infarction or cerebral hemorrhage with scores of PSQI>7 were randomly divided into four groups, 50 cases in each one. Among them, the patients in treatment group were treated with estazolam, 2 mg per night, patients in lavipeditum group were treated with Warming Meridian and Dissipating Could Lotion by lavipeditum, 20-30 min each time, once daily, patients in psychotherapy group were treated with cognitive-behavioral therapy, once every other day, patients combined treatment group were treated with Warming Meridian and Dissipating Could Lotion by lavipeditum and cognitive-behavioral therapy, 4-week treatment was aquired in four groups. The Pinsburgh Sleep Quality lndex (PSQI)/Fugl-meyer assessment (FMA)/Modified Bathel index (MBI) assessment was evaluated before and after 4-week treatment in four groups. Results: The score of PSQI/FMA/MBI in two groups after 4-week treatment was higher than that in prior treatment (P0.05); The score of PSQI in combined treatment group was higher than that in the other groups after 4-week treatment. Conclusion: The therapy of Warming Meridian and Dissipating Could Lotion by lavipeditum and psychotherapy can well improve the somnipathy in stroke.

Expression of lung surfactant proteins SP-B and SP-C and their modulating factors in fetal lung of FGR rats / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

This study investigated the expression of lung surfactant proteins SP-B and SP-C, and their modulating factors TTF-1 and PLAGL2 in the fetal lung of rats with fetal growth restriction (FGR). The rat FGR model was established by prenatal hypoxia in the first stage of pregnancy, 180 rats for experiment served as hypoxia group, and 197 healthy rats served as normal control group. The FGR incidence in hypoxia was compared with that in normal control group. The histological changes in the fetal lung were observed under the light microscope and electronic microscope in two groups. The SP-B, SP-C, TTF-1 and PLAGL2 proteins were determined in the fetal lung of two groups immunohistochemically. The expression levels of SP-B, SP-C, TTF-1 and PLAGL2 protein and mRNA in the fetal lung of two groups were detected by using Western blotting and RT-PCR respectively. The FGR rat model was successfully established by using hypoxia. Pathologically the fetal lung developed slowly, and the expression levels of SP-B, SP-C, TTF-1 and PLAGL2 protein and mRNA in the fetal lung were significantly reduced in hypoxia group as compared with those in normal control group. It was suggested that maternal hypoxia in the first stage of pregnancy could induce FGR, and reduce the expression of SP-B and SP-C, resulting in the disorder of fetal lung development and maturation.

Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers in Dementia Patients with Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy / 中国医学科学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the changes of biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) dementia and Alzheimer(')s disease.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Levels of amyloid protein β (Aβ42, Aβ40) and phosphorylated Tau-protein (P-tau) in CSF and ratio of Aβ42/Aβ40 were tested in 5 cases with CAA dementia and 20 cases with Alzheimer's disease collected at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from December 2001 to March 2011.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The levels of Aβ42, Aβ40, and P-tau in CSF and ratio of Aβ42/Aβ40 were (660.4 ± 265.2) ng/L, (7111.0 ± 1033.4) ng/L, (71.8 ± 51.5) ng/L, and 0.077 ± 0.033, respectively in CAA dementia and (663.6 ± 365.6) ng/L, (5115.0 ± 2931.1) ng/L, (47.7 ± 38.8) ng/L, and 0.192 ± 0.140, respectively in Alzheimer's disease patients. There were no statistically significant differences between CAA dementia and Alzheimer's disease in terms of these CSF biomarkers (all P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Measurements of CSF biomarkers may not be helpful in differential diagnosis of CAA and Alzheimer's disease.</p>

Expression of lung surfactant proteins SP-B and SP-C and their modulating factors in fetal lung of FGR rats / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

This study investigated the expression of lung surfactant proteins SP-B and SP-C, and their modulating factors TTF-1 and PLAGL2 in the fetal lung of rats with fetal growth restriction (FGR). The rat FGR model was established by prenatal hypoxia in the first stage of pregnancy, 180 rats for experiment served as hypoxia group, and 197 healthy rats served as normal control group. The FGR incidence in hypoxia was compared with that in normal control group. The histological changes in the fetal lung were observed under the light microscope and electronic microscope in two groups. The SP-B, SP-C, TTF-1 and PLAGL2 proteins were determined in the fetal lung of two groups immunohistochemically. The expression levels of SP-B, SP-C, TTF-1 and PLAGL2 protein and mRNA in the fetal lung of two groups were detected by using Western blotting and RT-PCR respectively. The FGR rat model was successfully established by using hypoxia. Pathologically the fetal lung developed slowly, and the expression levels of SP-B, SP-C, TTF-1 and PLAGL2 protein and mRNA in the fetal lung were significantly reduced in hypoxia group as compared with those in normal control group. It was suggested that maternal hypoxia in the first stage of pregnancy could induce FGR, and reduce the expression of SP-B and SP-C, resulting in the disorder of fetal lung development and maturation.

Chemical constituents from Bidens bipinnata / 中国中药杂志

To investigate the chemical constituents of the whole plants of Bidens bipinnata, the separation and purification of constituents were performed by chromatography on macroporous resin, silica gel, MCI and Sephadex LH-20. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data as quercetin (1), quercetin-3-0-alpha-L-rhamnoside (2), keampferol-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (3), keampferol-3-O-alpha-L-rhamnoside (4), 3', 5-dyhydroxy-3, 6, 4'-trimethoxyl -7-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside flavonoid (5), 7, 8, 3', 4'-tetraflavanone(6), (2S)- and (2R)-isookanin-7-O-beta-D- glucopyranoside (7a/7b), (2S)- and (2R)-3'-methoxy-isookanin-8-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (8a/8b), 6, 7, 3', 4'-tetrahydroxyaurone(9), maritimetin (10), esculetin (11), 3-O-caffeoyl-2-methyl-d-erythrono-1, 4-lactone (12), (7S, 8R) balanophonin-4-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (13), eugenyl-O-beta-apiofuranosyl-( 1"-6') -O-beta-glucopyranoside (14), and (+)-syringaresinol-4'-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (15). Compounds 8, 13, 14, and 15 were isolated from this genus for the first time. Compounds 1 and 6 were potent inhibitors against HSC-T6 cells in vitro and compounds 1, 2, 6, and 7 were capable of decreasing the inflammatory cytokine production of macrophage cells in vitro.

Effects of arsenic trioxide combined with bortezomib on apoptosis of multiple myeloma cell line KM3 and its mechanisms / 中国实验血液学杂志

This study was purposed to investigate the effect of bortezomib (Bor) and arsenic trioxide (As(2)O(3)) combination on multiple myeloma cell line KM3 and its mechanisms. KM3 cells were cultured with different concentration of Bor or As(2)O(3) as well as both for a certain time. The cell proliferation was analysed by MTT assay and the concentration of 50% proliferation inhibition (IC(50)) was calculated. Early apoptosis and late apoptosis of KM3 cells were detected by Annexin-V-FITC Kit, and the change of transmembrane potential was measured by flow cytometry. mRNA of Caspase-3, Bim and Bcl-xL were detected by RT-PCR. The results showed that the proliferation inhibitory rate of KM3 cells treated by Bor plus As(2)O(3) was much higher than that of KM3 cells treated by Bor only for 72 h [ (27.64 ± 0.81)% vs (21.67 ± 2.20)%, P < 0.05]. There were more KM3 cells treated by Bor plus As(2)O(3) in early apoptosis at 48 h and late apoptosis at 72 h than that of KM3 cells treated only by Bor [ (53.20 ± 3.70)% vs (35.40 ± 2.58)%, P < 0.01; (63.96 ± 2.97)% vs (54.08 ± 3.76)%, P < 0.01]. Transmembrane potential (Δψm) of KM3 cells treated by Bor plus As(2)O(3) decreased more at 48 h, as compared with Bor alone. The expression levels of caspase-3 mRNA and Bim mRNA in KM3 cells treated with Bor plus As(2)O(3) were higher than that in KM3 cells treated with Bor alone. But the expression level of Bcl-xL mRNA was lower than that in KM3 cells treated with Bor alone. It is concluded that As(2)O(3) can enhance the apoptosis-inducing effect of Bor on multiple myeloma cell line KM3, which is associated with decreasing the expression of Bcl-xl mRNA and increasing the expression of Caspase-3 and Bim mRNA.

Effect of L-arginine on Pax2 expression in the kidneys of pup rats with intrauterine growth retardation / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of L-arginine (L-Arg) on Pax2 expression in the kidneys of pup rats with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Pregnant rats were randomly assigned into three groups：normal, IUGR and L-Arg treated IUGR. The rats in the normal group were fed with ordinary forage (21% protein) during pregnancy. Those in the other two groups were fed with low diet forage (10% protein) during pregnancy. The L-Arg treated group was given drinking water containing L-Arg (200 mg/kg) daily during 21 days of lactation. Pax2 expression in renal tissues was measured with immunohistochemical staining and Western blot in pup rats of 7 days, 21 days, 2 months and 3 months old.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The immunohistochemical staining showed that Pax2 was not expressed in the pup rats from the normal group at any time point. Pax2 positive cells were found in renal glomerulus and kidney tubules of 2-months- and 3-months-old rats from the IUGR and L-Arg treated groups. And Pax2 expression in 3-months-old rats was significantly higher than that in 2-months-old rats (P<0.05). L-Arg treatment decreased significantly the Pax2 expression in 2-months- and 3-months-old rats when compared with the untreated IUGR group (P<0.05). Western blot showed that Pax2 protein was not expressed in 7-days- and 21-days-old pup rats from three groups. Pax2 protein expression in 2-months- and 3-months-old pup rats from the IUGR and L-Arg treated groups increased significantly compared with normal controls. Pax2 protein expression in the pup rats from the L-Arg treated group was significantly lower than that in the untreated IUGR pup rats (P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Pax2 is expressed in the kidneys of IUGR rats during adulthood. L-Arg treatment can decrease the expression of Pax2.</p>

Comparison of therapeutic effect of different doses of ganciclovir for neonatal congenital cytomegalovirus infection / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Ganciclovir is a first-line drug for treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. However, some ganciclovir treatment-related side-effects can be found. This study aimed to compare the efficacy and side effects of relatively low and high doses of ganciclovir in the treatment of neonatal congenital CMV infection.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and sixty-seven neonates with congenital CMV infection were randomly assigned to high-dose (n=79) and low-dose ganciclovir groups (n=88). The high-dose ganciclovir group was injected with ganciclovir of 7.5 mg/kg in the inducement phase and of 10 mg/kg in the maintaining phase. The low-dose ganciclovir group was injected with ganciclovir of 5 mg/kg in the inducement and the maintaining phases. The efficacy and side effects were observed in the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After treatment the clinical symptoms and signs were obviously improved in both groups. CMV-IgM became negative in 93.8% of neonates in the high-dose ganciclovir group and 93.1% of neonates in the low-dose ganciclovir group (P>0.05). CMV-DNA became negative in 80.8% of neonates in the high-dose ganciclovir group and in 86.7% in the low-dose ganciclovir group (P>0.05). The low-dose ganciclovir group had lower incidence of side effects than the high-dose ganciclovir group: vomiting 2.3% vs 11.4%; anemia 8.0% vs 20.3%; reduction of neutrophilic granulocytes 5.7% vs 16.5%; increase in platelet count 8.0% vs 18.9% (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Low-dose ganciclovir has the same clinical efficacy to high-dose ganciclovir for treatment of neonatal congenital CMV infection, but fewer side effects occur in the low-dose group.</p>

Antiinflammatory and immunoregulatory effects of total glucosides of Yupingfeng powder / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Yupingfeng, a traditional Chinese complex prescription, has been used efficaciously in China for the cure and prevention of inflammatory diseases related to immunodeficiency such as allergic rhinitis and chronic bronchitis. However, the active components of this prescription remain unclear. The present study focused on investigating the antiinflammatory and immunoregulatory effects of the glucosidic extract from Yupingfeng.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We tested animal models for ear swelling induced by dimethylbenzene in mice; palm swelling induced by carregeenin and granuloma induced by cotton pellet in rats; level of haemolysin, antibody generation by the splenic cells, delayed hypersensitivity and T cell subsets in spleen of immunosuppressed mice.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Glucosidic extract of 24 mg/kg, 48 mg/kg and 96 mg/kg significantly inhibited mice's ear swelling induced by dimethylbenzene. Similarly glucosidic extract of 16 mg/kg, 32 mg/kg and 64 mg/kg inhibited rats' palm swelling induced by carregeenin and granuloma induced by cotton pellet. Glucosidic extract of 24 mg/kg, 48 mg/kg and 96 mg/kg improved the IgM level in serum and level of haemolysin in splenocytes in mice immunosuppressed by cyclophosphamide. Delayed hypersensitivity in mice suppressed by cyclophosphamide was enhanced by glucosidic extract of 24 mg/kg, 48 mg/kg and 96 mg/kg. These results suggested that Yupingfeng could recover humoral and cellular immune function in mice with immunosuppression. Glucosidic extract of 48 mg/kg and 96 mg/kg significantly resisted the immunosuppressive mice ear swelling and maintained it at nearly normal level. The enhanced, delayed hypersensitivity actions of glucosidic extract, suppressed by cyclophosphamide, might be brought about by inducing TH cell and regulating T lymphocytes subset.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The glucosidic extract from Yupingfeng has antiinflammatory and immunoregulation action, suggesting that these glucosides are the principal active components of the traditional Chinese prescription Yupingfeng.</p>

Effect of a novel tyrosine kinase inhibitor HHGV678 on growth inhibition of Bcr-Abl wild type and IM-resistant cell lines in vitro / 中国实验血液学杂志

This study was aimed to compare HHGV678 with imatinib (IM) in growth inhibition of Bcr-Abl wild type and IM-resistant cell lines, investigate the possibility of replacing IM with HHGV678 in treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and IM-resistant CML patients. Viability of two Bcr-Abl wild type cell lines (K562 and 32Dp210) and 16 IM-resistant cell lines (K562R and 15 Bcr-Abl point mutant cell lines) treated with HHGV678 and IM was analyzed by MTT. The apoptosis of those cells was identified by flow cytometry with Annexin V staining and DNA ladder analysis. Western blot was applied for detecting the expression of Bcr-Abl and phosphotyrosine protein levels. The results indicated that HHGV678 significantly inhibited the growth of two Bcr-Abl wild types and IM-resistant cell lines in dose-dependent manner except cell line of T315I point mutant. IC(50) results showed that the growth inhibition of HHGV678 was 15.5 and 28-fold higher than that of IM in K562, 32Dp210 and 1.4 to 124.3-fold higher than that of IM in 15 IM-resistant cell lines respectively. Compared with IM, HHGV678 more significantly inhibited phosphotyrosine kinase protein of the cells mentioned above at different concentrations. With most importance, HHGV678 of 10.0 micromol/L induced cell apoptosis of 40.06% and 33.32% in K562R and 32Dp210(T315I) cell lines, which were much higher than that of IM (19.77% and 10.68%). It is concluded that HHGV678 is more effective than IM in the growth inhibition of Bcr-Abl wild type cell lines and IM-resistant cell lines, especially in strongest IM-resistant cell lines. Further studies are needed to show whether HHGV678 may be a novel targeting drug in treatment of CML and IM-resistant CML patients.

Survioin promoter activity in tumor cell lines / 上海第二医科大学学报

Objective To study the activity of the survivin gene promoter in several tumor cell lines and evaluate the possible application of this promoter in tumor gene therapy. Methods ①The expressions of survivin gene in A549,MDA-MB231 and HepG2 cell lines were detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting.②Tumor cells(A549,MDA-MB231,HepG2) were transiently transfected by reporter plasmids containing different length of survivin promoter using lipofectamine.And 48 h later,the level of reporter gene expression was analyzed.Results There were different levels of survivin expression in A549,MDA-MB231 and HepG2 cell lines.Transient transfection assay approved that pLuc-surP-987,pLuc-surP-596,pLuc-surP-269 and pLuc-surP-158 showed high activity and 269 bp survivin promoter demonstrated the highest activity. Conclusion In transcriptional level,survivin promoter can activate the reporter gene in several tumor cell lines.It is a potential candidate promoter in tumor gene therapy.

Effect of Notch1 overexpression on proliferation of cancer cell lines / 上海第二医科大学学报

Objective To upregulate Notch signaling in cancer cells by overexpression of active part of Notch1 and to examine the proliferation of the cells. Methods Four cancer cell lines were infected with retrovirus recombined with sequence encoding active part of Notch1.CBF-1 reporter plasmid was used to detect Notch signaling and proliferation assay was carried out by MTS method.Cell cycle analysis was synchronously conducted. Results The overexpression of the active part of Notch1 induced upregulation of Notch signaling,led to growth inhibition in Hela and HepG2 cell lines and growth boost in BGC-823 cell lines,while had no effect on Chang cell lines. Conclusion The upregulation of Notch signaling can exert various effects on different cancer cell lines which is critical to the gene therapy for cancers.