Effects of chemical fertilizer reduction and organic fertilizer substitution on yield and quality of Saposhnikovia divaricata / 中国中药杂志

To explore the suitable fertilizing pattern for Saposhnikovia divaricata in the genuine producing area, a field trial was carried out to investigate the changes in the yield and quality of medicinal materials and soil in different fertilization patterns, such as organic fertilizer substitution(organic fertilizer+NPK fertilizer) and chemical fertilizer reduction(organic fertilizer+NPK fertilizer decrement and organic fertilizer+NPK fertilizer decrement+soil conditioner). The comprehensive analysis of all treatments was based on the medicine quality evaluation data set and soil quality evaluation data set, respectively, by CRITIC weight method. The results showed that(1) the yield of S. divaricate increased by 4.93%-12.67% under the organic fertilizer substitution mode, and the yield increased by 44.43% under the treatment of chemical fertilizer reduction YHT15, which was higher than that of the organic fertilizer substitution mode.(2) The quality of S. divaricate under the two fertilization modes was superior to the standard in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, and the application of biochar was helpful to improve the quality of S. divaricate quality, with an increase of 82.83%-181.54%. CRITIC method analysis showed that fertilization treatments with high comprehensive scores were YHT15, YH30, and YH15.(3) Soil quality under the two fertilization modes was higher than that under the control. The fertilization treatments with higher comprehensive scores of soil quality were YHT15, YHT30, and YHT. The fertilization mode of adding biochar as soil conditioner, applying an appropriate amount of organic fertilizer, and reducing part of chemical fertilizer is the appropriate way to develop ecological plantation of S. divaricata in the Baicheng area in the western Jilin province. The specific fertilization mode is as follows. The basic fertilizer was 361 kg·hm~(-2) superphosphate+110 kg·hm~(-2) potassium sulfate+82 kg·hm~(-2) organic fertilizer+10 000 kg·hm~(-2) rice husk biochar, and urea was applied as top fertilizer three times, 29, 29, and 20 kg·hm~(-2), respectively.

Changes in pulmonary function in infants and young children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the changes in pulmonary function in infants and young children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP).@*METHODS@#A total of 196 hospitalized children (at age of 0-36 months) who were diagnosed with MPP from January 2014 to June 2018 were enrolled as study subjects. A total of 208 children (at age of 0-36 months) with pneumonia not caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection during the same period of time were enrolled as controls (non-MPP group). A retrospective analysis was performed for their clinical data. The two groups were compared in the pulmonary function on the next day after admission and on the day of discharge. The children with MPP were followed up to observe pulmonary function at weeks 2 and 4 after discharge.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the non-MPP group, the MPP group had significant reductions in the ratio of time to peak tidal expiratory flow to total expiratory time (TPTEF/TE), ratio of volume to peak tidal expiratory flow to total expiratory volume (VPTEF/VE), inspiratory-to-expiratory time ratio, and tidal expiratory flow at 25% remaining expiration on the next day after admission and on the day of discharge (P<0.05). In addition there were significant increases in the ratio of peak tidal expiratory flow to tidal expiratory flow at 25% remaining expiration, respiratory rate, effective airway resistance, and plethysmographic functional residual capacity per kilogram (P<0.05). Compared with the normal reference values of pulmonary function parameters, both groups had reductions in VPTEF/VE and TPTEF/TE on the next day after admission; on the day of discharge, the MPP group still had reductions in VPTEF/VE and TPTEF/TE, while the non-MPP group had normal values. The MPP group had increases in VPTEF/VE and TPTEF/TE from the day of discharge to weeks 2 and 4 after discharge (P<0.05), but TPTEF/TE still did not reach the normal value at week 4 after discharge.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Airway obstruction is observed in infants and young children with acute MPP or non-MPP, and the children with MPP have a higher severity of airway obstruction and a longer time for improvement, with a certain degree of airway limitation in the recovery stage.

Investigation and analysis of laboratory animal waste disposal in Beijing area in 2016 / 中国比较医学杂志

Objective To investigate the treatment and disposal of laboratory animal waste in Beijing area in 2016. Methods Questionnaire, telephone survey, on-the-spot investigation and WeChat were used to survey the basic situation and laboratory animal waste management, including bedding material, excreta, carcasses and experimental consumables,etc. in 164 laboratory animal facilities in Beijing area in 2016. Results The data we have collected were relatively comprehensive and universal, reflecting the currently existing problems. Conclusions This investigation provides a reference for the compilation of the management rules of laboratory animal waste in Beijing.

Effect of storage time on serum biochemical test of rats / 中国比较医学杂志

Objective To observe the effect of different storage time on 14 blood biochemical indexes in rats. Methods Randomly selected 40 adult SD rats were included in this study. Fasting venous blood samples were collected, serum was separated, sealed, and stored in the refrigerator (4℃ and -20℃). The serum parameters were detected at 0 h,4 h,24 h,96 h and 7 d, respectively, using an automatic biochemical analyzer. A total of 14 blood biochemical indexes were detected, including alanine aminotransferase ( ALT ) , aspartate aminotransferase ( AST ) , alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), creatinine (CREA-J), uric acid (UA), urea nitrogen (UREA), blood glucose ( GLU) , total cholesterol ( TC) , triglyceride ( TG) , low density lipoprotein cholesterol ( LDL-C) , creatine kinase ( CK) and lactate dehydrogenase ( LDH) . The effects of serum storage time on blood biochemical results were compared. Results The trends of blood biochemical data in male and female rats were consistent. C ompared with the indexes of serum preserved at 4℃ for 0 h, the ALP was significantly reduced after storage for 4 h, 24 h, 96 h, and 7 d (P< 0. 05), ALB were significantly increased after 96 h and 7 d (P< 0. 01), CREA-J was significantly increased after 96 h, 7 d (P<0. 05), UA was significantly increased after 24 h, 9 h, and 7 d (P < 0. 01), and no significant changes in other indicators ( P> 0. 05 ) . Compared with the values of 0 h serum, the serum preserved at -20℃ showed that ALT was significantly increased after 7 d (P < 0. 01), AST significantly increased after 96 h and 7 d (P< 0. 05), TP significantly decreased after 4 h and 24 h ( P< 0. 05 ) , ALB significantly increased after 4 h, 24 h, 96 h, and 7 d ( P< 0. 01 ) , CREA-J significantly increased after 24 h, 96 h, and 7 d (P< 0. 01), UA significantly increased after 4 h, 24 h, 96 h, and 7 d (P< 0. 01), TC significantly increased after 4 h, 24 h, 96 h, and 7 d (P< 0. 01), TG significantly increased after 96 h and 7 d (P< 0. 05), CK significantly increased after 96 h and 7 d (P< 0. 05), LDH significantly increased after 96 h and 7 d ( P < 0. 05 ) , and no significant changes in other indicators ( P > 0. 05 ) . Conclusions The biochemical tests of rat serum should be immediately performed as they were collected, especially for ALP test. For the sera stored at 4℃, the test should be finished in different times:UA test in 4 hours, ALB and CREA-J test in 24 hours, and ALT, AST, TP, UREA, GLU, TC, TG, LDL-C, CK, and LDH test in 7 days.

Treatment strategy and microsurgical operation of complex cerebral arteriovenous malformations / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the treatment strategies and operative principles of complex cerebral arteriovenous malformation (CAVM).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Total 27 cases of complex CAVM were microsurgically resected from June 2004 to May 2011. These account for 67.5% of CAVMs in the same time. Of the CAVM, 25 were eloquent CAVMs and 2 were non-eloquent CAVM. Among the 27 cases, the size of CAVM was large in 12 cases, median in 8, and small in 7. According to Spetzler-Martin CAVM grading, 8 cases were grade II, 5 cases were grade III, 9 cases were grade IV, and 5 cases were grade V. Pre-operative endovascular embolizations were carried out in 2 large CAVMs. All CAVMs were resected by microsurgical techniques.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were 23 cases of complex CAVMs totally removed. The total resection rate was 85.2%. The residual CAVMs were found in postoperative digital subtraction angiography (DSA) in 4 cases. Three of these residual cases were treated with gamma knife. Nineteen cases recovered very well after operation. The main complications were hemianopsia in 2 cases, moderate weakness in 4 cases. Two patients in coma before operation were still comatose after operation. The follow-up period were 2 months to 6 years. Twenty-two cases were Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) 5, 3 cases were GOS 4, and 2 comatose patients were improved a little during the follow-up.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The microsurgical total resection of the CAVMs is the most effective method to cure the disease. With the use of microsurgical technique skillfully, mose complex CAVMs can achieve good outcomes. Preoperative embolization and radiosurgery on the residual nidus are good supplementary methods to treat the complex CAVMs.</p>

Microsurgical treatment of ophthalmic segment aneurysms of internal carotid artery: 28 cases report / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the operative modalities and outcomes of 28 cases of ophthalmic segment aneurysms of internal carotid artery.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-eight cases of ophthalmic segment aneurysms of internal carotid artery were operated on from May 2004 to August 2009. Of all 28 cases, 20 were large or giant. Nineteen aneurysms were directly clipped or resected with internal carotid artery revascularization. Since 2006, high-flow extracranial-intracranial (EC-IC) bypass were available and performed in 9 patients of large or giant aneurysms and then the aneurysms were resected or trapped.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Seventeen patients underwent digital subtraction angiography (DSA), computed tomography angiography (CTA) or magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) postoperatively. The images demonstrated that 5 grafts of bypass were in patency, and 2 were occluded. Only 1 aneurysm was partially clipped and the others disappeared on imaging. The 78% of these cases had good results (GOS 4-5). One patient died after EC-IC bypass due to neck hematoma.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The treatment of ophthalmic segment aneurysms of internal carotid artery, especially the large and giant ones, remains a challenge for neurovascular neurosurgeon. The accessory high-flow EC-IC bypass procedures and selection of suitable aneurysm clips are very important to improve the effectiveness of the operation.</p>

Antitumor activity of F90, an epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, on glioblastoma cell line SHG-44 / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Over-expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is thought to be related to cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, resistance to chemoradiotherapy and poor prognosis of various human cancers. Forty percent to fifty percent of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) possess deregulated EGFR, which may contribute to the aggressive and refractory course of GBM. Therefore, blockade of EGFR signal transduction may be a promising treatment strategy for GBM.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>MTT assay, cell growth curve assay and tumor xenograft model were used to evaluate the antitumor activity of F90 against SHG-44 in vitro and in vivo. Western blot assay was applied to evaluate the expression of p-EGFR, p-ERK1, p-JNK, p-P38, Bcl2 and P53 proteins.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>F90 inhibited the cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner in vitro. The growth of SHG-44 tumor xenografts was suppressed by F90 at a high dose level (100 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)). Phosphorylation of EGFR and activated downstream signaling proteins, such as ERK1, JNK and P38, were found to be depressed after incubation with F90 for 48 hours in vitro. Down-regulated Bcl2 protein and up-regulated P53 protein were also observed.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The results demonstrate that F90 is effective in inhibiting the proliferation of SHG-44 cells in vitro and tumor growth in vivo, suggesting that F90 may be a new therapeutic option for treatment of GBM.</p>

Effects of acupuncture on diabetic peripheral neuropathies / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe therapeutic effect of acupuncture on diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and explore the mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty-eight cases of DPN were treated with acupuncture at Jianyu (LI 15), Quchi (LI 11), Waiguan (TE 5) etc. and their blood sugar, blood lipids and hemorrheologic indexes and nerve conductive velocity before and after treatment were determined.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After treatment, 43 cases were markedly effective, 20 cases were effective and 5 cases were ineffective, with a total effective rate of 92.6%; the nerve conductive velocity, plasma insulin, C-peptide, opioid peptides increased significantly (P<0.01) and blood viscosity significantly decreased (P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Acupuncture has a definite therapeutic effect on DPN and the increase of nerve conductive velocity is possibly related with the increase of plasma opioid peptides.</p>