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Ribosomal proteins (RP) are important components of ribosomes and play key roles in ribosome biogenesis and protein translation. In addition, ribosomal proteins also possess many extra-ribosomal functions, such as regulation of gene expression, cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, DNA repair, and many other cellular processes. The dysfunction of RP is closely related to the occurrence and development of various diseases including blood, metabolism, cardiovascular diseases and tumors, and RP might become potential therapeutic targets for a variety of diseases. The research progress on RP, including the basic functions of RP, extra-ribosomal properties, and the connections with human diseases were reviewed and their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in diseases were discussed in this paper.
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Objective@#To study the relationship between STAT3 gene (rs2293152, rs957970) polymorphism and susceptibility to bronchial asthma in children, and to lay the foundation for search of the candidate pathogenic gene of asthma and early prevention of the disease.@*Methods@#One hundred and thirty hospitalized asthmatic children or out-patients with asthma at Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University from September 2013 to September 2017 were selected as asthmatic group, and at the same time 145 healthy children were selected from the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University as the healthy control group.Apply sequence specific primers-polymerase chain reaction (SSP-PCR) was applied to detect susceptibility single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of STAT3 gene (rs2293152, rs9579700). The statistical differences in distribution between genotype and allele were analyzed between the asthma group and the healthy control group.@*Results@#The distribution frequency of CC genotype of rs2293152 in STAT3 gene was significantly higher in the asthmatic group (19.2%)than that in the healthy control group (9.0%) (χ2=6.065, P=0.014). C allele was significantly higher in asthmatic group (41.9% vs.33.8%) (χ2=3.861, P=0.049). There was no significant difference in the distribution of rs957970 in STAT3 gene between the asthma group and the healthy control group.@*Conclusions@#The SNP of rs2293152 in STAT3 gene is associated with susceptibility to asthma in children in South Sichuan.C allele may be the susceptible gene for childhood asthma, while the SNP of rs957970 in STAT3 gene has no significant correlation with childhood asthma in Southern Sichuan.
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Objective To investigate the molecular mechanism of colistin resistance mediated by mcr-1and pmrAB genes in clinical Escherichia coli ( E. coli) isolates. Methods A total of 1988 clinical E. coli isolates were collected from the First People′s Hospital of Shangqiu from 2010 to 2017 and screened for colistin-resistant isolates using agar dilution method. The minimum inhibitory concentrations ( MICs) of nine common clinical antibiotics were determined using broth microdilution method. PCR and sequencing analysis were performed to detect the colistin resistance genes of mcr-1 and pmrAB. Conjugation experiments were used to test the transferability of the plasmid carrying mcr-1 gene. S1-PFGE and Southern blot were used to locate the plasmid carrying mcr-1. All colistin-resistant E. coli isolates were typed by multilocus se-quence typing ( MLST) . Results Six colistin-resistant E. coli isolates were obtained by agar dilution meth-od. The results of susceptibility testing showed that all of the six isolates were multidrug resistant. PCR and sequencing analysis revealed that four out of the six strains carried mcr-1 gene, and the other two isolates both had an amino acid substitution (L167P) caused by pmrB gene mutation. The results of conjugation ex-periments, S1-PFGE and Southern hybridization analysis showed that the plasmids of four mcr-1 gene-posi-tive E. coli strains were located on a conjugative plasmid about 60 kb in length. MLST analysis classified the six isolates into six distinct sequence types ( STs) . Conclusion This study suggested that mcr-1 gene and mutations in pmrAB gene were the main mechanisms mediating the resistance of E. coli to colistin. In clinical practice, the occurrence and spread of colistin-resistant E. coli should be further monitored, and the rational use of antibiotics should be promoted to prevent the spread of colistin-resistant strains.
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Objective To explore the relationship of two loci (rs2293152, rs9579700) gene polymorphisms of signal transduction and transcription factor-3 (STAT3) with susceptibility to Henoch-Scho. .nlein purpura (HSP) and HSP nephritis (HSPN). Methods From September 2013 to September 2015, 180 children with HSP (group HSP) and 205 healthy children (control group) were enrolled in this study. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of intron 11 rs2293152C/G and intron 23 rs957970C/T of STAT3 gene was detected by sequence specific primer polymerase chain reaction (SSP-PCR). Results The frequency of CC genotype in STAT3 gene intron 11 rs2293152 in HSP group (26.1％) was significantly higher than that in control group (8.8％), and the frequency of allele gene of rs2293152C in HSP group (48.6％) was significantly higher than that in control group (32.7％) (P=0.013, 0.025). There were no differences in distribution of genotype and allele in rs957970C/T loci of intron 23 of STAT3 gene between two groups (P>0.05). The frequencies of genotype and allele of the two loci of STAT3 gene were no difference between HSPN and non HSPN groups (P>0.05). Conclusions The allele gene C of intron 11 rs2293152C/G of STAT3 gene may be a susceptible gene of HSP, while there was no association of 23 rs957970C/T polymorphism to HSP and there was no association of the two loci polymorphisms to HSPN.
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Background and purpose:The lymph node metastatic model of rectal tumor is a useful tool for the research on tumor occurrence, development, metastasis and antineoplastic therapy. There are few reports about establishment of larger animal model. This study aimed to establish feasible and reproducible lymph node metastatic models of VX2 tumor in rabbits.Methods:The VX2 tumor tissue was put into the puncture needle. The VX2 tumor tissue in the needle was orthotopically transplanted into the rectal wall of the New Zealand white rabbits successfully. Twenty New Zealand white rabbits were transplanted. Two experimental rabbits were scanned by MR weekly. Tumor growth curve and lymph node numbers were observed on MR. Experimental rabbit tumor volumes were measured by MR post-processing software. The rectal tumor and surrounding lymph nodes were resected, and the specimens were ifxed. The sections were stained with HE. We explored the relationship between tumor volume and growth time, the number of metastatic lymph nodes and tumor volume, respectively.Results:Thirteen models were successfully established with a rate of 65%. Tumors limited in the rectal wall were observed on the fourth week. Tumor size increased over time. There was significant difference in the tumor volume between different periods (growth cycle number) (F=52.865,P9 cm3. The number of metastatic lymph node increased obviously from the ninth week. The more tumor volume, the greater the number of metastatic lymph nodes was observed (F=92.531,P<0.05). There was a signiifcantly positive correlation between the number of metastatic lymph nodes and the tumor volume (r=0.945,P<0.05).Conclusion:Metastatic lymph node models of VX2 tumor in New Zealand white rabbits were established successfully. This model has some value in the research on local growth, invasion mechanism, lymph node metastasis and biological characteristics of rectal cancer.
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Objective Previous study found TGF-βpathway might be the molecular pathway influencing the prognosis of colo-rectal cancer, while it was uncertain whether Chinese population is associated with the disease.The article was to evaluate the genetic factors associated with prognosis in colorectal cancer. Methods 52 cases patients with colorectal cancer were followed-up for 36 months in our hospitals from January 2013 to August 2014.Their DNAs were extracted and stored and gene typing were carried out in 5 candidate genes to detect the association between SNPs and the prognosis in colorectal cancer. Results The results showed that within the TGF-βsignaling pathway, after adjusting for Bonferroni multiple testing, allele A of SNP rs10749971 located in gene POU2AF1 was associated with the recurrence of patients with stage III disease under additive and recessive genetic models ( HR =1.968, P=0.004;HR=2.174, P=0.010).Allele C of SNP rs961253 in the gene BMP2 could increase the recurrence risk (HR=1.992, P=0.005) and the death risk (HR=3.161, P=0.007) of patients with stage III disease under recessive genetic models.Allele A of SNP rs4464148 in SMAD7 gene could significantly decrease the death risk of patients with stage II and III colorectal cancer under dominant genetic model (HR=0.382, P=0.017;HR=0.230, P=0.006).In addition, accumulated effects of several adverse genes showed gene high risk group could increase the risk of death for patients with stage III colorectal cancer significantly ( HR=15.512, P=0.036;95%CI:1.611-149.360). Conclusion In different genetic models, SNP locus mutation within gene POU2AF1, BMP2 and SMAD7 on TGF-βpathway was associated with the prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer.With the increase of the number of unfavorable genes, the death risk increases accordingly.
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Objective To evaluate the effect of small-dose Lorazepam on residual dizziness in elderly patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) after successful particle repositioning maneuver (PRM).Methods A total of 268 patients aged 60 years and over, who were diagnosed as BPPV and underwent successful treatment of PRM, were randomly assigned to medication group and control group.The patients in the medication group were prescribed low-dose lorazepam for 1 week (0.25 mg/time, 3 times/d), whereas the patients in the control group were not prescribed any medication.Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) was employed to evaluate the anxiety status of patients before and after PRM, and the effect of small-dose lorazepam on residual dizziness was accessed by using the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) scale and the Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) scale in elderly BPPV patients after PRM.Results No difference in HAMA scores was found between the two groups (t=-0.316, P=0.753) before PRM.The medication group (t=19.931, P=0.000) and the control group (t=26.930, P=0.000) showed a significant improvement in HAMA scores after PRM versus before PRM.However, HAMA scores after PRM was lower in the medication group than in the control group (t=14.967, P=0.000).The medication group had significant improvements after PRM versus before PRM in the following: DHI scores (t=43.661, P=0.000), functional (t=32.326, P=0.000981), emotional (t=31.981, P=0.000), physical (t=14.330, P=0.000) subscale scores, as well as in the ABC scores (t=-23.248, P=0.000).The improvements were also found in the control group in DHI scores (t=46.282, P=0.000), functional (t=32.117, P=0.000), emotional (t=34.563, P=0.000),physical (t=13.182, P=0.000) subscale scores, as well as in the ABC scores(t=-24.536, P=0.000)after PRM versus before PRM.However, after PRM the total DHI score, functional,emotional and physical subscale scores were lower in medication group than in control group (t=5.994, 3.206, 4.757 and 2.851, respectively, P=0.009, 0.002, 0.000 and 0.005).The ABC scores were higher in medication group than in control group (t=2.678, P=0.008) after PRM.Conclusions The elderly patients with BPPV are often accompanied by symptoms of anxiety.The small-dose Lorazepam can alleviate residual dizziness in elderly BPPV patients after successful PRM.
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Objective To investigate the significance of Human papilloma virus(HPV)typing in the screening of cervical dis-ease.Methods 687 cases of gynecological patients in the hospital were enrolled in the study,whose HPV-DNA genotype was detec-ted by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(FQ-PCR).In addition to that,389 healthy women who took gynecological examina-tion in the hospital in the same period were enrolled in the study,HPV-DNA quantitative detection were performed on those people (FQ-PCR were used)firstly,and the persons with more than 5×102 IU/mL HPV-DNA were tested for the HPV-DNA subtype. Results In the 687 cases of gynecological patients,164 cases were HPV positive which accounted for 23.9%;The single-infection patients accounted for 74.3%,mixed infection accounted for 25.6%.The mixed infection included 2 -4 types of infection,among which the double infection was most common.The common type were HPV16,52,58 and 35.In 389 cases of healthy women,29 ca-ses were found HPV positive,which accounted for 7.5%;The single infection accounted for 79.3%,mixed infection accounted for 20.7%,mixed infection included 2-3 types of HPV infection,in which double infection is the most common situation.The common type were HPV52,58,16 and 18.Conclusion HPV infection is the major cause of cervical cancer,HPV detection and typing con-tribute to cervical cancer screening and its prevention.
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Background and purpose: Breast cancer is a group of heterogeneous diseases which has racial disparities. Our study was to elucidate the clinicopathologic features of breast carcinoma in Shanghai Han and Xinjiang Uygur women and to analyze the racial differences. Methods: In this study, 125 cases of breast invasive ductal carcinoma of Shanghai Han women and 85 cases of Xinjiang Uygur women were collected. The clinical stage was analyzed. Histological grading was observed. Immunohistochemical staining of ER, PR, HER-2, CK5/6, CK14, EGFR, Ki-67 was performed. Molecular subtypes were studied. Results:The average age of onset of breast cancer in Xinjiang Uygur women was younger than in Shanghai Han women (P<0.05), and Xinjiang Uygur women were more likely to be diagnosed at less than 35 years old (P<0.01). The proportion of stageⅠwas higher in Shanghai Han women (20.0%vs 8.2%), while the proportion of stageⅢwas higher in Xinjiang Uygur women (50.6%vs 27.2%) (P<0.01). The proportion of grade 2 was higher in Shanghai Han women (67.2% vs 43.5%), while the proportion of grade 3 was higher in Xinjiang Uygur women (47.1%vs 31.2%) (P<0.01). The proportion of luminal A subtype was higher in Shanghai Han women (36.8%vs 18.3%), while the proportion of basal-like subtype was higher in Xinjiang Uygur women (29.6%vs 12.0%) (P<0.01). The molecular subtype was associated with race and histological grade (P<0.05).Conclusion:There are racial differences in clinicopathologic features of breast carcinoma between Shanghai Han and Xinjiang Uygur women.
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Objective To compare the short term prognostic values between the four scores including ABCD,ABCD2,ABCD+ low density lipoprotein (ABCD+ LDL),ABCD2 + LDL after transient ischemic attack (TIA).Methods 235 TIA patients were evaluated according to ABCD score,ABCD2 score,ABCD + LDL score and ABCD2 + LDL score.The occurrence of cerebral infarction was observed at day 2 and 7.The predictive value was compared between the four scores by using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Patients were classified into 3 risk groups:lowrisk group,moderate-risk group and high-risk group according to ABCD2 L score,and the stroke incidence was compared between the 3 groups by using x2 test.Results The area under ROC curves (AUCs) of ABCD、ABCD2、ABCDL and ABCD2L was 0.68 (95％CI:0.59-0.76),0.71 (95％CI:0.62-0.80),0.73 (95％CI:0.65-0.82) and 0.77 (95％CI:0.69-0.84) in predicting the risk of cerebral infarction at day 2,and were 0.73 (95％CI:0.66-0.81),0.77 (95％CI:0.70 0.84),0.80(95％CI:0.74-0.87) and 0.83 (95％CI:0.76-0.89) in predicting the risk of cerebral infarction at day 7 respectively.Patients were divided into 3 groups:low-risk group (score 0-2) (n =28),moderate-risk group (score 3-5) (n=143) and high-risk group (score 6-8) (n=45) according to ABCD2L score.There were significant differences in stroke incidence at day 2 and 7 between the 3groups (0％,9.1％ vs.32.8％,0％,11.9％ vs.56.3％,x2=26.15,58.87,both P＜0.05).Conclusions ABCD2 score is better than ABCD score in predicting the short-term prognosis of transient ischemic attack.Combining ABCD2 score with LDL can significantly increase the predictive value of ABCD2 score.
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Objective To investigate the frequency of posterior semicircular canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (PC-BPPV) in each ear,and to explore the effect of sleep position in lateral-predominance of ear by PC-BPPV during sleep onset in elderly patients. Methods Totally 114 patients aged (67.4±7.5) years with unilateral PC BPPV confirmed by a positive Dix Hallpike test,were retrospectively reviewed.All patients included in the study were able to define a leteral predominant,favorate head-lying side (right,left or supine position) during sleep onset. Results The Dix Hallpike test was found to be positive on the right side in 72 patients and positive on the left side in 42 cases.During sleep onset,61 patients habitually laid their head on the right side,34 laid their head on the left,and the remaining 19 cases on the supine position.Among 114 cases with positive Dix Hallpike test,there were 78 cases with the same side between affected ear and sleep position (52 cases right,26 cases left),36 cases with different side (9 cases with right position and left positive Dix Hallpike test,8 cases left position and right positive Dix Hallpike test,19 cases slept in a supine position including 12 cases with right positive Dix Hallpike test and 7 cases with left positive).The association between affected ear and head-lying side during sleep onset was statistically significant (x2 =35.737,P＜0.01) and Pearson coefficient of continency was 0.4885. Conclusions Among the elderly,right-sided PC-BPPV is popular,and these patients favorite right head-lying position during sleep.There is association between the affected side by PC-BPPV and the head-lying side during sleep.
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Objective To explore the ability of ABCD2 score + Low density lipoprotein (LDL)(ABCD2L) in predicting early stroke risk after transient ischemic attack (TIA) . Method A total of 165TIA patients were evaluated and classified according to ABCD2 score and ABCD2L score. The occurrences of cerebral infarction were observed at 2th day or 7th day. ROC curve was used to compare the predictive vaule of two scores. Furthermore, according to these two scores, these patients were classified into three risk groups (low, moderate and high ), observed their stroke rate , and compared the differences of three groups with x2 test. Results The two-day risk of stroke was 13.33% and the seven-day risk of stroke was 20. 0% in 165 patients. When the occurrences of cerebral infarction were observed in two days, the area under the curves (AUC) of ABCD2 and ABCD2L was 0. 76 and 0. 80; observed in seven days, the AUC of two scores was 0. 73 and 0. 79. According to the risk stratification of ABCD2 score, in three risk groups,the two-day risk of stroke was 1.9%, 14. 9% and 30. 8%; the seven-day risk of stroke was 3. 8%, 21.8%and 46. 2% ( P ＜ 0. 05 ) . According to the risk stratification of ABCD2 L score, the two-day risk of stroke was 0%, 7. 8% and 31.1% ; the seven-day risk of stroke was 0%, 12. 6% and 44. 4% ( P ＜ 0. 05 ).Conclusions The predictive accuracy of the ABCD2L score is significantly higher than that of ABCD2 score. Furthermore, individuals at high early risk of stroke after TIA can be identified according to the risk stratification of ABCD2L score.
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To study xanthones from the barks of Garcinia xanthochymus, the constituents were isolated by normal-phase and reverse-phase silica gel column chromatography from the EtOAc extract. Their structures were elucidated by spectral analysis. Three new xanthones were purified and identified as 1,2,5-trihydroxy-6-methoxyxanthone (1), 1,4,6-trihydroxy-5-methoxyxanthone (2), 1,2,7-trihydroxy-4-( 1,1-dimethylallyl) xanthone (3).