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【Objective】 To explore the effectiveness of creating the obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) animal model of glossocoma using the botulinum toxin type A in white rabbits, and to explore the effectiveness and safety of magnetic traction hyoid suspension operation in the OSAHS animal model of glossocoma. 【Methods】 A total of 12 adult male experimental white rabbits were randomly divided into two groups. The animals in the experimental group were injected with 0.4 mL (10 U) of botulinum toxin type A in the genioglossus muscle to construct the OSAHS animal model of glossocoma. The animals in the control group were injected with 0.4 mL of normal saline. We designed and 3D printed a polyacrylate shell that could be loaded with inner and outer neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) magnets. After the modeling, a polyacrylate shell with the inner magnet device was fixed on the hyoid bone of the animals in the experimental group. All animals in the experimental group wore the polyacrylate orthotic neck brace containing the outer magnet 10 days after the operation. The arterial blood oxygen detector was used to record the oxygen saturation (SaO2) of the femoral artery, and multi-slice CT plain scan was used to measure the diameter of the narrowest part of the upper airway. 【Results】 The animals in the experimental group gradually showed decreased activity, labored breathing, blue lips and ear margins and other manifestations of hypoxemia 5 days after intramuscular injection of botulinum toxin type A in the genioglossus, and their body weight dropped from (3.72±0.21)kg to (3.40±0.20)kg, the average SaO2 of the femoral artery decreased from (93.84±5.14)% to (84.00±3.35)%, and the diameter of the narrowest part of the upper airway decreased from (4.83±0.47)mm to (3.52±0.83)mm (P<0.05). In the control group, the animals’ weight, the average SaO2 of the femoral artery, and the diameter of the narrowest part of the upper airway did not significantly change before and after injection of normal saline into the genioglossus muscle (P>0.05). The animals in the experimental group completed the magnetic traction hyoid suspension surgery. After wearing the orthotic neck brace containing an external magnet for hyoid magnetic traction, the food intake and activity of the animals in the experimental group increased, the color of the lips changed from purple to pink, the SaO2 of the femoral artery increased significantly to (90.44±5.95)%, and the diameter of the narrowest part of the upper airway increased significantly to (4.42±0.15)mm (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 The genioglossus muscle injection of botulinum toxin type A in white rabbits could successfully establish the OSAHS animal model of glossocoma. Magnetic traction hyoid suspension surgery in the treatment of OSAHS animal model could effectively correct the upper airway stenosis related symptoms and hypoxemia caused by glossocoma.
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Objective:To investigate the relationship between serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels and white matter high signal and non-dementia vascular cognitive dysfunction in patients with cerebral small vascular disease (CSVD).Methods:Total 106 patients with CSVD who were admitted to the Department of Neurology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College from April 2019 to December 2020 were enrolled.They were divided into vascular cognitive impairment no dementia group (VCIND group, n=47) and no vascular cognitive impairment group (N-VCI group, n=59)according to mini-mental assessment scale (MMSE), Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) scale and activity of daily living scale (ADL). Serum VEGF levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The baseline data, serum VEGF levels, MoCA score and Fazekas score were compared between the two groups.The correlation between serum VEGF level and white matter high signal and cognitive function was analyzed.SPSS 19.0 software was used for data processing.The statistical methods were t-test, Chi square test, nonparametric test, Logistic regression analysis, Pearson correlation analysis and Spearman correlation analysis. Results:There were significant differences in serum VEGF level((464.18±114.58)pg/mL, (414.17±45.80)pg/mL, F=22.880), MoCA score((13.07±6.48), (20.17±4.06), F=17.920) and Fazekas score (4(3, 5), 3(1, 3), Z=-4.189)between the two groups (all P<0.05). The level of VEGF( β=0.008, OR=1.008, 95% CI=1.001-1.015, P<0.05) was the influencing factor of cognitive function in patients with CSVD .The level of VEGF was negatively correlated with the total score of MoCA, attention and calculation power, and orientation ability ( r=-0.345, -0.373, -0.445, all P<0.05) and it was positively correlated with the total Fazekas score and the Fazekas score of paraventricular and deep white matter ( r=0.392, 0.495, 0.302, all P<0.05). There was a linear trend between the high signal grade of paraventricular and deep white matter and VCIND (both P<0.05). Conclusion:Serum VEGF level is correlated with cognitive function and white matter hyperintensity in patients with CSVD.The increase of VEGF level may be a factor reflecting cognitive dysfunction.In addition, with the increase of white matter hyperintensity level, the risk of VCIND in CSVD is increased.
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Objective To construct a eukaryotic expression plasmid of pcDNA 3.1-Ag85A-CD226, and to use it as DNA vaccine then further evaluate its immunogenicity through oral administration in a mouse model.Methods The CD226-PCR2.1-ToPo plasmid was used as the template to clone CD 226 gene by PCR.The CD226 gene was then inserted into pcDNA 3.1-Ag85A plasmid to construct the recombinant plas-mid of pcDNA3.1-Ag85A-CD226.After identified by restriction enzyme analysis and sequencing , the re-combinant plasmid was transfected into HEK 293 cells by using lipofection .The expression of Ag85A-CD226 gene in HEK293 cells was detected by RT-PCR, Western blot and indirect immunofluorescence assay .The purified recombinant plasmid was used to prepare the Ag 85A-CD226 DNA vaccine by liposomal encapsula-tion.The vaccine was administered intragastrically to mice .The activities of NK cells , the cytokine levels in the supernatants of spleen cell cultures and the mRNA level of cytokines in the intestines were evaluated to analyze the immunogenicity of Ag85A-CD226 DNA vaccine.Results The Ag85A-CD226 DNA vaccine was prepared successfully .The expression of Ag85A-CD226 fusion protein was detected in HEK293 cells.The activities of NK cells from mice vaccinated with Ag 85A-CD226 DNA vaccine were higher than those from other control groups (P0.05).Conclusion The Ag85A-CD226 DNA vaccine could significantly enhance Th1 type immune responses systemically and in the intestine as in comparison with those vaccinated with single dose of Ag 85A DNA vaccine or CD226 DNA vaccine.
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Objective To understand the effects of stove-improvement measures in coal-burning-induced fluoride poisoning area in Luoyang.Methods Dynamic monitoring on the fluoride concentration in indoor air,grain(corn and wheat),vegetable(chili,radish and Chinese cabbage),and the urine fluoride concentration and prevalence of dental fluorosis among8-12year old children was conducted after the performance of stove-improvement measures in coal-burning-induced fluoride poisoning area,Jiangzhuang village,Xinan county,Luoyang,during1991-2000,while the obtained data were compared with those in1990.Re sults After the performance of stove-improvement measures,all of the fluoride contents in indoor air,grain and veg-etable,the urine fluoride concentration and the prevalence of dental fluorosis of8-12aged children revealed a trend of decrease on the whole,and accorded with the corresponding standards for non-fluoride poinsoning area,despite of the fluctuating data in different years.Conclu sion The stove-improvement measures could effectively prevent the indoor air,grain and vegetable from fluoride pollution,and control the prevalence of fluoride poisoning in coal-burning-induced fluoride poisoning area.