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Insomnia is one of the most common accompanying symptoms of depression,with both sharing highly overlapping molecular pathways.The same pathological changes can trigger comorbidity of insomnia and depression,which further forms a vicious cycle with the involvement of more mechanisms and disease progression.Thus,understanding the potential interaction mechanisms between insomnia and depression is critical for clinical diagnosis and treatment.Comorbidity genetic factors,the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis,along with circadian rhythms of cortisol and the brain reward mechanism,are important ways in contributing to the comorbidity occurrence and development.However,owing to lack of pertinent investigational data,intricate molecular mechanisms necessitate further elaboration.Synaptic plasticity is a solid foundation for neural homeostasis.Pathological alterations of depression and insomnia may perturb the production and release of neurotransmitter,dendritic spine remodeling and elimination,which converges and reflects in aberrant synaptic dynamics.Hence,the introduction of synaptic plasticity research route and the construction of a comprehensive model of depression and insomnia comorbidity can provide new ideas for clinical depression insomnia comorbidity treatment plans.
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Oral cancer is a common and deadly malignancy.While multidisciplinary treatment(mainly surgery)has been applied in the treatment of cancer treatment,early diagnosis and complete removal of the primary lesion are essential for a better prognosis.Raman spectroscopy is an optical technique that detects inelastic scattered light generated by the interaction of light and matter.It can detect the vibrational spectra of biochemical and biomolecular structures and tissue conformations,and can provide the "molecular fingerprint" for cells,tissues,and biological fluids.With the development of related technologies and optical instruments,Raman spectroscopy has been widely applied in medical fields.This article reviews the research advances and application of Raman spectroscopy in the diagnosis of oral cancer.
Subject(s)
Humans , Mouth Neoplasms , Spectrum Analysis, RamanABSTRACT
Objective:To extract, separate and identify the flavonoids in Humulus Scandens and detect their cytotoxic effect on cells HepG2. Methods: After Humulus scandens bing was extracted by alcohol, luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucoside ( LGL) and cosmoiin ( AGL) were obtained by using column chromatography and identified by spectral analysis. The inhibitory effects of LGL and AGL on HepG2 cells were detected by a typan blue dye method. Results:The main flavonoids in Humulus Scandens were LGL and AGL. When the concentration of LGL and AGL was increased from 6. 25 μmol·L-1 to 100. 0 μmol·L-1 , the inhibition rate of LGL was increased from 28. 8% to 95. 2% and that of AGL was increased from 3. 6% to 21. 3%. Conclusion: LGL has notable inhibitory effect on HepG2 cells in a dose-dependent manner, while the inhibitory effect of AGL is not obvious.
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Aims To extract,separate and identify the flavonoid constituents in Humulus Scandens and to ex-plore the relationship of monomers and alveolar fluid clearance (AFC)in mice in vivo.Methods Humulus scandens were extracted with alcohol and then isolated by the technology of Column and the structures were i-dentified by spectrometry.In vivo AFC was measured using bovine serum albumin protein assays affected by luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucoside (LGL ) and cosmsiin (AGL).Results The main constituents of flavanones in Humulus scandens were LGL and AGL.Both of them could improve the AFC.Conclusion The AFCs of LGL and AGL,compared to the blank control group, increased which explains the effect of flavonoid constit-uents on removing edema and promoting water absorp-tion.
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Objective To evaluate the myocardial protection of exogenous creatine phosphate (CP) for cardiac valve replacement patients with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Methods Forty patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement with CPB were randomly divided into CP group (20 cases) and control group (20 cases). In CP group,CP (10 mmol/L) was added into blood cardioplegia solution, and before aortic unclamping, perfused with warm blood plus CP (10 mmol/L) for 5 minutes. In control group without CP. The effect of myocardial protection of the two methods were evaluated. Results The ratio of myocardial auto-resuscitation was higher in CP group than that in control group [90.0%(18/20) vs. 60.0%(12/20)]( P ＜ 0.05 ). The maximal dose of dopamine was lower in CP group than that in control group [ (4.0 ± 0.9) g/(kg·min) vs. (6.5 ± 1.2) g/ (kg·min)](P＜ 0.05). The levels of serum creatine kinase MB (CK-MB) at 4,10 hours after aortic unclamping were lower in CP group than those in control group[ (32.4 ± 5.2) U/L vs.(43.8 ± 5.8) U/L and (23.7 ± 5.3 ) U/L vs. (33.5 ± 6.0) U/L ] (P ＜ 0.05 ). Conclusion Exogenous CP shows positive myocardial protection in the patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement.