ABSTRACT
Abstract: Blue nevus is a benign melanocytic lesion whose most frequent variants are dendritic (common) blue nevus and cellular blue nevus. Atypical cellular blue nevus presents an intermediate histopathology between the typical and a rare variant of malignant blue nevus/melanoma arising in a cellular blue nevus. An 8-year-old child presented a pigmented lesion in the buttock since birth, but with progressive growth in the last two years. After surgical excision, histopathological examination revealed atypical cellular blue nevus. Presence of mitoses, ulceration, infiltration, cytological atypia or necrosis may occur in atypical cellular blue nevus, making it difficult to differentiate it from melanoma. The growth of blue nevus is unusual and considered of high-risk for malignancy, being an indicator for complete resection and periodic follow-up of these patients.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , Nevus, Blue/pathology , Skin Neoplasms/pathology , Diagnosis, DifferentialABSTRACT
FUNDAMENTOS - Atrofia branca de Milian ou vasculopatia livedóide é entidade clinicopatológica rara, cuja patogênese não é completamente compreendida. OBJETIVOS - Avaliar casos de atrofia branca de Milian para verificar a prevalência de diversas trombofilias. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS - Quatorze pacientes foram submetidos a exames laboratoriais incluindo pesquisa de fator V (Leiden), protrombina mutante, dosagem de antitrombina, proteína S e C, pesquisa de anticorpos anticardiolipina e anticoagulante lúpico, dosagem de homocisteína e pesquisa da mutação da metilenotetraidrofolatoredutase. RESULTADOS - Dos nove doentes cujos critérios de inclusão foram preenchidos para análise da freqüência de trombofilia, foram encontrados quatro com fatores relacionados à trombofilia: deficiência da antitrombina (um caso), deficiência da proteína S (um caso), mutação da metilenotetraidrofolatoredutase com hiperhomocisteinemia (um caso) e presença de anticorpo anticardiolipina (um caso). CONCLUSÃO - Apesar de este estudo não apresentar casuística que possibilite a comparação com a população geral, os dados sugerem a presença de eventos geradores de trombofilia nesses doentes, contribuindo para adoção sistemática de um protocolo de investigação de trombofilia nos doentes portadores de vasculopatia livedóide no Brasil.
INTRODUCTION: Atrophie blanche, or livedoid vasculopathy, is a rare clinicopathological entity of unknown etiology. A "thrombo-occlusive process" theory has recently been accepted. OBJECTIVES: To search the presence of several thrombophilic abnormalities in patients with livedoid vasculopathy. METHODS: Fourteen patients were evaluated and tested for factor V Leiden, prothrombin 20210G/A variant, antithrombin, C and S proteins, anticardiolipin and lupus anticoagulant antibodies, homocysteine and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase mutation. RESULTS: Nine patients met all criteria to be included in the analysis and four of them had a thrombophilic state: antithrombin deficiency (one case), protein S deficiency (one case), methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase mutation with hyperhomocysteinemia (one case) and presence of anticardiolipin antibodies (one case). CONCLUSIONS: Although this tendency cannot be statistically proven, thrombophilic abnormalities seem to be more frequent in patients with atrophie blanche, indicating that screening for thrombophilia of all patients with livedoid vasculopathy might be recommended.