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Background: resilience is a quality that affects an individual's ability to cope with tension. The present study was conducted to determine resilience and its contributing factors in high-risk adolescents living in residential care facilities affiliated to Tehran Welfare Organization in order to help develop effective preventive measures for them
Methods: the present descriptive study was conducted on 223 adolescents living in 15 different governmental residential care centers in 2014. Participants were selected through convenience sampling. The data required were collected via the Wagnild and Young Resilience Scale with content validity [S-CVI=0.92] and a reliability of [alpha]=0.77 and r=0.83 [P<0.001]. The data obtained were analyzed in SPSS-20 using descriptive and inferential statistics including Chi-square test, independent t-test and ANOVA
Results: the adolescents' mean score of resilience was 84.41+/-11.01. The level of resilience was moderate in 46.2% of the participants and was significantly higher in the female than in the male adolescents [P=0.006]; moreover, the score obtained was lower in primary school children as compared to middle school and high school students [P<0.001]
Conclusion: directors of care facilities and residential care personnel should adopt preventive resilience-based strategies in order to optimize resilience among adolescents, particularly the male. It is important to provide a basis to prevent adolescents' academic failure and place a stronger value on education than the past
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Background: Resilience is a personal trait that can influence the stroke subjects' attitudes toward future opportunities and facilitate the transitional process and adaptation in them. Assessment of this trait in stroke subjects with a standardized tool would promote the rehabilitation protocols and occupational therapy interventions. Therefore, the objective of this study was to standardize the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale [CD-RISC] for Persian Iranian people who have had strokes
Methods: A descriptive observational study was adopted in order to standardize the CD-RISC in stroke population. The population was comprised of 34 female and 29 male subjects with a mean age of 51.4 +/- 10.6 years and the history of ischemic or hemorrhagic cerebrovascular accidents. Subjects were recruited based on inclusion criteria within the period of two months between May and July of 2014. Descriptive statistics were calculated along with the Cronbach's alpha to determine reliability. Standard multiple regression analyses searched for any correlation between variables and resilience
Results: Statistical parameters revealed a mean of 58.4 +/- 15.5 for CD-RISC raw scores. Percentile ranks were also calculated from raw data. Cronbach's alpha of 0.892 revealed that the CD-RISC had high reliability for the population of this study. Multiple regression analyses showed that the functional status was the only variable that uniquely predicted subjects' resilience [beta=0.41; P<0.01]
Conclusion: The findings of this research confirmed applicability of CDRISC in Iranian people who have had strokes. The standardized CD-RISC was determined to be suitable for use in the clinic and for utilization in research studies in Iranian people status post-stroke
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The authors regret that one of the coauthor's affiliation in this article was incorrectly printed.
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PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to clarify the meaning and the nature of empowerment concept in some Iranian old people suffering from chronic diseases. METHODS: Concept analysis was undertaken according to the hybrid model, which consists of three phases: an initial theoretical phase, a fieldwork phase and a final analytical phase. After an extensive review of the literature in order to describe the characteristics and definition of the concept, a fieldwork phase followed in order to empirically elucidate the empowerment concept in the Iranian old people with chronic diseases. In the third phase, attributes of empowerment were extracted from the first and second phases. Purposive sampling was done for 13 participants consisted of 7 old people with chronic diseases, 3 family caregivers of elderly adult with chronic disease and 3 health care providers with experience of care with elderly patients with chronic disease. RESULTS: The review of literature in theoretical phase determined the attributes of the concept, including "active participation", "informed change", "knowledge to problem solve", "self-care responsibility", "presence of client competency", and "control of health or life". Fieldwork phase determined attributes such as "awareness promotion", "sense of control", "the development of personal abilities", "autonomy", and "coping". In the final analytical phase, the critical attributes of old people with chronic diseases were investigated. They included "social participation", "informed change", "awareness promotion to problem solve", "presence of client competency", and "control of health or life", "autonomy", "coping" and "the development of personal abilities". CONCLUSION: The concept analysis of empowerment showed some of the required conditions for the empowerment of older people with chronic diseases in nursing care, which have not been mentioned in the literature.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Adaptation, Psychological , Aged/psychology , Aging/psychology , Attitude to Health , Chronic Disease/psychology , Iran , Models, Psychological , Power, PsychologicalABSTRACT
Children with cerebral palsy need permanent care and attention in various stages of growth and development. The parents experience problems in taking care of these children and making them independent. This study was conducted to explore these experiences. This qualitative study was conducted in 2011-2012 using content analysis. Purposeful sampling was used to recruit 19 parents of children with cerebral palsy referred to rehabilitation centers in Tehran. The data were gathered using in-depth and semi-structured interviews and were analyzed inductively. Data analysis results revealed three original categories including "life with hardness" "being in ambiguity" and "need to be supported" and several subcategories including "physical strain" "psycho-emotional strain" financial burden" "restriction in social activities" "facing with anonymous" "lack of having an advisor" "need to get help from professionals and specialists" "need to have emotional- spiritual support" and "need to have help in caring the child". Parents in permanent care of children with cerebral palsy face with new and various situations consistently and experience difficulty and bewilderment because of insufficient family and social support. Further studies are needed to explore the support process of caregiver parents of these children