ABSTRACT
En este estudio, se analizan las tasas de abandono del tratamiento en hombres inmigrantes latinoamericanos con problemas de consumo de alcohol (PCA) derivados a programas de intervención con maltratadores, y se explora si aquellos que consiguen finalizar la intervención se diferencian de los que no tienen PCA en variables resultado de la intervención. La muestra la componen 107 hombres latinoamericanos condenados por violencia contra la mujer. Al contrario de lo esperado, no se confirman mayores tasas de abandono entre los participantes con PCA. Independientemente de tener o no PCA, los participantes que finalizaron el programa mostraron mejoría en todas las variables objetivo de la intervención analizadas, incluida la reducción del consumo de alcohol entre aquellos participantes con PCA.
This study analyzes dropout rates among Latin-American immigrants with alcohol abuse problems (AAP) participating in a batterer intervention program, and whether those perpetrators who finalize the intervention benefit the same as those participants without AAP in a number of program outcomes. The sample was 107 Latin-American immigrants convicted for intimate partner violence perpetration. Contrary to what was expected, there were not higher dropout rates among participants with AAP. Participants who finalized the intervention program, however, showed improvements in all outcomes variables explored regardless of whether they had AAP, including a reduction of alcohol abuse among participants with AAP.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To isolate and characterize the bioactive secondary metabolites from aerial parts of widespread Chenopodiaceae taxa growing in Saudi Arabia: Salsola villosa Delile. ex Schul. Methods: Antibacterial activities of chloroformic extract, fractions and isolate compounds was evaluated against five bacterial strains (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis), using a paper disc diffusion method. The purification of compound(s) of chloroform extract was done by chromatographic column of silica gel. The structure elucidation was determined by extensive spectroscopic analysis (1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance, correlation spectroscopy, heteronuclear multiple bond correlation, heteronuclear multiple quantum coherence and nuclear overhauser enhancement spectroscopy) and high resolution electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy analysis. Results: Bioactivity guided fractionation of the chloroformic extract led to the isolation of two bioactive compounds: 4-(4'-hydroxy-2'-methylcyclopent-2'-enyloxy)- 4-methylcyclopent-2-enol (1) named salsolanol and 4'-[3-(hydroxymethyl)oxiran-2-yl]-3- [(E)-3-hydroxyprop-1-en-1-yl]-6, 2'-dimethoxy [1, 1'-biphenyl]-2-ol (2) named biphenylsalsinol. The antibacterial effects of the chloroform extracts, fractions and isolated compounds 1 and 2 were also evaluated in this work. Results showed that the compounds 1 and 2 exhibited antibacterial activities against four strains: Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa with diameter of zone of inhibition ranging between (9.33 ± 0.94) to (26.33 ± 0.94) mm. Conclusions: Based on data presented here, two new natural compounds secondary cyclic alcohol 1 and biphenylpropanoid 2 isolated from bioactive chloroformic extract from aerial parts of Salsola villosa can be responsible for its antibacterial activities.
ABSTRACT
The volatile oils composition of stems, leaves and flowers of Ducrosia flabellifolia Boiss. from northern border of Saudi Arabia were investigated by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. A total of 52 compounds have been identified from the different fractions studied, representing about 90% of total oil of each one. Aerial parts shared most of the main components although qualitative and quantitative differences have been detected. Decanal and dodecanal could be considered as chemical markers of this species, where they were representing 58.8% , 64.84% and 66.46% of stems, leaves and flowers oils, respectively. The aldehyde hydrocarbons fraction was predominant in stems (65.11%), leaves (65.39%) and flowers (67.3%), followed by the monoterpenes hydrocarbons fraction in Leaves (9.37%) and flowers (5.53%) and Oxygenated sesquiterpenes in stem (10.83%).
ABSTRACT
The chemical composition of the essential oil of the aerial parts of Teucrium polium L. collected during the flowering period from, northern region of Saudi Arabia, (Aljuf, kingdom of Saudi Arabia) has been studied by GC and GC/MS. 114 compounds were identified amounted to 88.51% of the total oils. The presence of sesquiterpenoid hydrocarbons (34.62%) characterizes the oil of Saudi Arabian germander. While, T. polium oil is also rich with hydrocarbons monoterpenes (26.08%), oxygenated monoterpenes (11.14%) and oxygenated sesquiterpenoids (11.79%). The dominant constituents (52.17%) wereγ-muurolene (8.72%), α-cadinol (5.93%), δ-cadinene (5.08%), β -pinene (4.58 %), β-gurjurene (4.43 %), α-limonene (4.29 %), α-Pinene (3.79 %),α-Thujene (3.69%), Spathulenol (3.42 %), p-cymene (2.95%) γ-cadinene (2.81%)and Sabinene (2.47 %).
ABSTRACT
To examine the current sero-epidemiology of rubella IgG among Syrian females of childbearing age that missed rubella vaccination. A cross-sectional study examined healthy female students of the Pharmacy College, Kalamoon University, Deratiah, Syria. Ninety sera were collected between March and May 2008, and were subject to rubella specific IgG screening and titration using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-based technique provided by Diamed Eurogen in the Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy. The quantitative analysis for rubella IgG showed a noticeable variability in the values of antibodies that ranged between 0-363 IU/ml. A total of 77 participants were positive for rubella IgG giving a prevalence of 85.6%, and leaving a relatively high proportion of susceptibility [14.4%] among the tested group. Although most women tested were seropositive for rubella IgC, suggesting a natural virus circulation within the community, screening for protective immunity followed by vaccination to those who missed the regular vaccine program should be enforced to prevent possible rubella congenital syndrome. In addition, adding a second shot of rubella vaccine to those who were subject to the national program of vaccination is a must since the concentration of antibodies may drop below the recommended levels necessary for protection
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Rubella/immunology , Antibodies, Viral/blood , Seroepidemiologic Studies , Immunoglobulin G , Cross-Sectional StudiesABSTRACT
A cross-sectional study was conducted on the children of 146 randomly selected families in Abha, Saudi Arabia. Counting of teeth and examination for caries teeth of children under 12 years of age were done by family visits. The results showed that no child developed teeth before 5 months. By 12 months there were on an average 3.3 teeth erupted per child, and by three years 18.8 teeth. At 12 years of age there were 24.4 teeth per child as compared to 28 in other countries. The DMF (decayed, missing and filled) index of children increased from 1.8 at the age of 4 to 5.1 at 7 and 5.2 at 10 years of age. The rate of caries teeth was higher than that in Australia, Great Britain, USA, India, China and Sudan. Further investigations on causes of high rate of caries teeth are recommended.