Nosocomial uropathogens and their antibiotic sensitivity patterns in a tertiary referral teaching hospital in Rawalpindi, Pakistan

Nosocomial urinary tract infections [NUTIs] are by definition not present at admission of a patient and are acquired during hospitalisation. The objective of this study was to study the uropathogens and their antibiotic sensitivity patterns in hospital acquired urinary tract infections presenting in a teaching hospital. It was a retrospective descriptive study carried out at the Department of Pathology, Fauji Foundation Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, during the year 2009. Reports of urine culture and sensitivity performed during one year were retrospectively studied with a view to document various isolates and their antimicrobial sensitivity. Out of a total number of 1204 urine cultures submitted, 246 were found to have nosocomial urinary tract infections. Over all prevalence of nosocomial urinary tract infection in the examined reports was 20.43%. Nosocomial Urinary tract infections are common. Gram negative bacilli are most frequent uropathogens and are resistant to commonly used antibiotics. Fosfomycin followed by Gentamycin and Cefotaxime were the most effective antibiotics

Role of diagnostic laparoscopy: a study of 58 patients

To evaluate the role of diagnostic laparoscopy in undiagnosed abdominal diseases. Prospective nonrandomized descriptive study. Fauji Foundation Hospital Rawalpindi, from l[st] January 2007 till 31[st] December, 2009. All the patients of undiagnosed intermittent or chronic pain abdomen and other pathologies presenting to the department of surgery who were candidates for laparoscopy were included in the study. Total of 58 patients [42 females and 16 males] were included in the study. Appendicular pathology, abdominal tuberculosis and pelvic inflammatory disease each was found in 8 patients [13.79%] and adhesions in 6 patients [10.33%]. Other less common pathologies included undescended intraabdominal testes, endometriosis, gall bladder pathology and mesenteric lymphadenopathy. In 14 patients [24.13%] no pathology was detected. Diagnostic laparoscopy is an important diagnostic tool in the armamentarium of surgeons which can be employed for diagnosis of obscure abdominal conditions. Where appropriate therapeutic measures if indicated can be adopted at the same time

Comparative study of inverting sutureline versus over and over continuous suturing in hypospadias repair

Hypospadias is one of the most common congenital anomalies of the male newborns affecting 1 in 300. Urethral meatus lies ectopically on the ventral surface of penis proximal to its normal position. There is defective development of urethral spongiosum and ventral prepuce. Various degrees of chordee may be associated. Objective of the study was to study the incidence of urethrocutaneous fistula formation after hypospadias repair employing two different suturing techniques. This Prospective Randomised Descriptive Clinical Trial was conducted in Department of Surgery, Fauji Foundation Hospital, Rawalpindi and Basharat Hospital, Rawalpindi, during a period of five years from January 2005 till December, 2009. A prospective study of 100 patients of glanular/penile hypospadias requiring repair was completed from January, 2005 till December, 2009. Fifty of these patients had urethral tube reconstruction using conventional over and over continuous suturing technique [Group-1]. In another group of fifty patients continuous inverting sutures [Connel technique] commonly used in intestinal anastomosis was employed [Group-2]. Polyglycolic acid sutures 4/0 to 6/0 as appropriate were used for all the repairs in both the groups by the same surgeon. Six [12%] urethrocutaneous fistulas formed in the Group-1 of fifty patients with over and over continuous suturing as compared to 4 [8%] in Group- II with equal number of patients where inverting suture technique was used. Inverting sutures reduce the incidence of urethrocutaneous fistula formation in hypospadias repair