ABSTRACT
Background: A shortened Gastrocnemius soleus underlies many biomechanical interactions which is a contributing factor to the development of movement impairment syndromes. So, the present study was done to assess the impact of shortened gastrocnemius soleus muscle on kinetic and kinematic variables in athletes to identify the compensatory movement patterns done in system. Knee and ankle torque, range of motion and ground reaction forces recorded by gait analysis system. Independent T test was used to compare parameters between two groups
Methods: This descriptive analytical study was carried out on 10 athletes which suffered from gastrocnemius soleus muscle shortness and ten healthy male athletes
Results: Shortness group displayed an increased knee flexion in swing phase, increased maximum adduction and extension of knee in stance phase, and increased maximum eversion in loading response of gait cycle. Athletes with limited dorsiflexion also displayed a reduced dorsiflexion range of motion, knee flexion angle in stance phase. Also, whole eversion time of ankle in loading response, knee flexion angle of heel contact were reduced in athletes with ankle dorsiflexion limitation. Finally, the mean external rotation and extensor torque of knee in stance phase and maximum torque of plantar flexion in loading response were increased in athletes with gastrocnemius soleus shortness group
Conclusion: Restricted DF ROM may alter movement mechanics in a manner that predisposes athletes to muscle skeletal injury. Therefore, the attention focused on the rehabilitation of gastrocnemius-soleus complex with an emphasis on motor control is important
ABSTRACT
Background and Objective: One of the most common postural abnormalities which is seen in 60 percent of patients with neck and shoulder disorders is Forward head posture. The purpose of current study was the comparison of contribution ratio in scapular rotator muscles over dominant and non-dominant arm abduction on loading in women with and without Forward Head Posture
Materials and Methods: In this case-control study 18 women with Forward Head Posture and 14 healthy women were studied. The subjects were matched based on weight, height, age, dominance of upper extremity and voluntarily participated. The contribution ratio of Serratus Anterior, Upper and Lower Trapezius muscles were recorded by surface electrodes during arm abduction with loading
Results: The independent t-test results revealed that the upper trapezius muscle activity ratio of dominant arm in subjects with forward head posture is significantly greater than healthy ones [P=.011], whereas the significant difference was not revealed in non-dominant arm. There were also no significant differences in Serratus Anterior muscle [p>.05] and Lower Trapezius muscle [p>.05] ratio between the groups
Conclusion: Because of the changes in contribution ratio of Upper Trapezius, a simple assessment of head posture through the shoulder muscles can provide useful information for the examiner to decide on prescription of corrective exercises for patient
ABSTRACT
Background and Objectives: The aim of this study was determination of the relationship between fitness and posture alignment in blind and deaf children
Material and Methods: Sixteen blind, 30 deaf and 60 healthy children [6-12 years] were participated in this study. Physical fitness was examined with 3 minute step test, sit ups, hand grip strength test, sit-and-reach and trunklifting. Spinal curvature was assessed with spinal mouse, and head and shoulder posture was assessed with photography. Pearson correlation test was used [alpha=0/05] for data analyzing
Results: Results of this study showed that there was relationship between the BMI and kyphosis, hand grip strength and FSP, Flexibility and uneven shoulder, flexibility and lordosis in blind children. In deaf children, there was relationship between the BMI and kyphosis, VO2 peak and scoliosis, uneven shoulder and FSP, muscle endurance and thoracic scoliosis and FHP, muscle strength and scoliosis, flexibility and uneven shoulder and FSP, trunk flexibility and kyphosis, scoliosis and FHP. In normal children, there was relationship between the hand grip strength, kyphosis, scoliosis and lordosis and between trunk flexibility lordosis and scoliosis
Conclusion: The relationship between the Physical fitness and posture in blind and deaf children necessitates the attention to both physical fitness and corrective exercises in physical education programs in schools and guiding these children toward appropriate sporting activities
ABSTRACT
Because of the corrigibility of forward head posture [FHP], the recognition of the relationship between this deformity and scapular rotator muscles may be influential on scapular muscle activities in detection of better way to improve movement disorders. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the serratus anterior, upper and lower trapezius muscle contributions during shoulder flexion without weight in women with and without FHP. In this case-control study was carried out on 18 women with FHP and 14 healthy subjects who were matched. EMG muscle activities were recorded during shoulder flexion and abduction. The value of each muscle divided on total muscle values to calculate contribution ratio and independent t-test was used to compare contributions between groups. There was a significant decrease in serratus anterior muscle activity ratio [p=0.002] and a significant increase in upper trapezius muscle activity ratio [p=0.001] between subjects with and without FHP. There was not also significant difference in contribution of lower trapezius muscle. Contribution of the serratus anterior muscle in individuals with forward head posture is less than healthy subjects. The contribution of upper trapezius muscle also in individuals with FHP is greater than healthy subjects