ABSTRACT
Aim of the Study: was to investigate the influence of phacoemulsification on corneal endothelial cells and its injury risk factors in diabetic cataract patients and non-diabetic patients
Methods: Electronic databases were searched: Scopus, EMBASE, and Google Scholer], PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, The Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. Econlit from 1990 to 2017. This was completed with a manual search of references of relevant papers. Risk of bias in methodology of studies was measured using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale
Results: Observation of corneal endothelial cell density, coefficient of variation and percentage of hexagonal cells preoperatively, 1 day, 1week, 1 and 3 months postoperatively was carried out, and multiple Logistic regression analysis for risk factors of corneal endothelial cell injury was taken
Results: Out of 779 retrieved papers, 9 studies with a total of 1129 individuals were finally included [579 diabetic eyes and 550 non-diabetic eyes]. For the dynamic changes between preoperative and postoperative values, significant differences were identified between the two groups in endothelial cell density [ECD] and hexagon cells [HC%] at 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months postoperatively, in central corneal thickness [CCT] at 1 month postoperatively, and in coefficient variation [CV] at 1 week and 1 month postoperatively. However, no significant differences were observed in CCT at 1 day, 1 week and 3 months postoperatively or in CV at 1 day and 3 months postoperatively
Conclusion: It could be concluded from the current literature that aged-cataract patients with diabetes mellitus manifested poor tolerability to cataract phacoemulsification surgery in contrast to senile cataract patients
ABSTRACT
Background: Congenital heart defects [CHDs] are significant drivers of mortality and morbidity in children, folic acid supplementation for the pregnant month during or before delivery is said to influence risk reduction of congenital heart defects [CHDs]. However, there are controversial claims and the hypothesis is concluded from limited epidemiologic studies
Aim of the Study: Conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies to reliably evaluate the correlation between Folic acid or multivitamins containing FA supplementation taken during pregnancy and the risk of CHDs
Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted. PUBMED and EMBASE were searched to identify prospective cohort and case-control studies that had reported on the association between 1960 and 2017. Studies conducted in primarily high-risk populations [Case control and cohort studies] while participants in randomized controlled trials were excluded
Results: The search yielded 10 studies published between 2000 and 2013 enrolling 13126 female participants. These studies included only one cohort study, and nine case-control studies. The overall results of this meta-analysis provide evidence that maternal folate supplementation is associated with a significantly decreased risk of CHDs [RR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.54-0.84]. Statistically significant heterogeneity was detected [Q = 79.43, P < 0.001, I2 = 70.2%]
Conclusion: FA supplementation during pregnancy significantly decreases the risk of CHDs in newborns