ABSTRACT
Background: This study was carried out on Iranian female adolescents to understandhealth needs for the purpose of designing health promoting intervention in schools.Methods: In this exploratory qualitative study, two focus group discussion (15 teachers)and 30 individual in-depth interviews were conducted among female adolescents in the eighthgrade in Zahedan, Iran. Qualitative content analysis was used for data evaluation.Results: The views of students and teachers demonstrated nine of needs including:informing students about the schools’ health project aims, education and training all dimensionsof health with an emphasis on mental health, use of experts in various fields for education fromother organisations, employing capable and trusted counselors in schools, utilisation of a varietyof teaching methods, activating reward systems for encouraging students’ participation in groupactivities, teaching communication and the ability to establish good relationships with parents andstrategies for resolving family conflict, teaching parents and students high-risk behaviours andstrategies for handling them as well as reforming wrong attitudes and indigenous sub-culture.Conclusion: This study found the different needs of Iranian female students comparedto other cultures about a health promoting school programme. Therefore, their contribution canprovide an insight for formulating policies and intervention in schools.
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this research was to study the attitudes of pregnant women with intention of elective cesarean section, based on the theory of planned behavior. This cross-sectional study was carried out on 150 pregnant women in their third trimester of pregnancy with an intention or decision to elective cesarean section, who were selected through probability sampling. The collection tool of information was a questionnaire based on the theory of planned behavior. In a majority of women, the attitude and the control of perceived behavior was weak or intermediate. The ANOVA test showed a significant statistical correlation between the means scores of attitude with education level and the control of perceived behavior with type of previous labor. Obedience incentive was based on physicians, mothers, and spouses' decisions, respectively. Continuous classes for training psychological skills and the preparation of mothers for delivery should be established to decrease the interest of pregnant women toward elective cesarean section.
ABSTRACT
A qualitative study was carried out on 200 pregnant women attending obstetric offices and Imam Ali Women's Clinic in Zahedan, Iran during January 2010 to August 2011. Twenty-nine focus group discussions [FGDs] with 5-8 participants in each group were formed. The study included women in the third trimester of pregnancy with the intention or decision to undergo elective cesarean section. The women's views were explored and analyzed in group sessions. Subsequently, the responses were divided into four major categories. The majority [50%] of the opinions expressed were psychological in origin, or stemmed from low perceived behavioral control, improper subjective norms, or wrong attitudes about vaginal delivery. Twenty-nine focus group discussions [FGDs] with 5-8 participants in each group were formed. The study included women in the third trimester of pregnancy with the intention or decision to undergo elective cesarean section. The women's views were explored and analyzed in group sessions. The responses were divided into four major categories. The majority [50%] of the opinions expressed were psychological in origin, or stemmed from low perceived behavioral control, improper subjective norms, or wrong attitudes about vaginal delivery. It is necessary to hold psychological skills training classes for pregnant women and their husbands to persuade them attend group discussion sessions to increase their control on perceived behavior, highlight their positive attitudes and direct them toward natural vaginal delivery