ABSTRACT
Curcumin (CUR), the main phenolic composition in turmeric, shows preventive effects in various diseases. CUR is commonly found in the Curcuma species and historically applied in herbal medicine. Numerous studies have indicated that CUR possesses protective effects against toxic agents in the various animal tissues including the brain. This study found that CUR may be effective in nervous system problems induced by neurotoxic agents. However, due to the lack of information on human, more investigations are needed to determine the efficacy of CUR as an antidote matter. The current study aimed to critically review the recent literature data from 2014 to 2016 that regarding the therapeutic aspects of CUR versus neurotoxic agents-induced brain damage and its involved mechanisms.
ABSTRACT
Curcumin (CUR), the main phenolic composition in turmeric, shows preventive effects in various diseases. CUR is commonly found in the Curcuma species and historically applied in herbal medicine. Numerous studies have indicated that CUR possesses protective effects against toxic agents in the various animal tissues including the brain. This study found that CUR may be effective in nervous system problems induced by neurotoxic agents. However, due to the lack of information on human, more investigations are needed to determine the efficacy of CUR as an antidote matter. The current study aimed to critically review the recent literature data from 2014 to 2016 that regarding the therapeutic aspects of CUR versus neurotoxic agents-induced brain damage and its involved mechanisms.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Pituitary adenomas have been the most common sellaturcica tumors. There have been many unusual types of pituitary tumors that might neglect by radiologists and clinicians. One of these tumors would be the malignant glioma
Case Presentation: A 62-year-old male has complained from sudden frontal headache, nausea, vomiting, decreased vision, blurred vision and double vision. In skull radiographic, there was an expansion of sellaturcica and a lesion with clear border on T1; heterogeneous; iso - to hypotense; size about 3/5 × 2/5 cm with no surrounding edema that it has homogeneously attracted contrast Lesion, that shown a signal hypointensity on T2 with heterogeneous enhancement. In the coronal sections, the tumor expanded to the suprasellar region and optic chiasmatic that has compressed especially on the left side. Partial tumor resection has conducted. The surgery has done by a transsphenoidal approach. The pathologist has diagnosed a glioblastoma. This diagnosis has confirmed using immunohistochemistry technique
Conclusions: There have been many unusual types of pituitary tumors that might neglect by radiologists and clinicians. One of these tumors would be the malignant glioma
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Pituitary NeoplasmsABSTRACT
After cervical discectomy, autogenetic bone is packed into the cage to increase the rate of union between adjacent vertebral bodies, but donor site-related complications can still occur. In this study we evaluate the use of hydroxyapatite granules as a substitute for autograft for interbody fusion. From November 2008 to November 2011, 236 patients participated In this study. Peek cages were packed with autologous bone grafts taken from the iliac crest in 112 patients and hydroxyapatite [HA] granules in 124 patients. Patients were followed for 12 months. The patients' neurological signs, results, and complications were fully recorded throughout the procedure. Radiological imaging was done to assess the fusion rate and settling ratio. Formation of bony bridges at the third month was higher in the autograft group versus the granule group. However, there was no difference between both groups at the 12-month follow-up assessment. No difference [P> 0.05] was found regarding improvement in neurological deficit as well as radicular pain and recovery rate between the two groups. Interbody fusion cage containing HA granules proved to be an effective treatment for cervical spondy-lotic radiculopathy and/or myelopathy. Clinical and neurological outcome, radiographic measurement and fusion rate in cage containing HA are similar and competitive with autograft packed cages
ABSTRACT
Tethered cord syndrome is a neurological disorder that is accompanied by limited movement of spinal cord within the spinal column. This study aimed to describe clinical features, surgery treatment and long term outcomes in these patients. This prospective study carried out from 1997 to 2007 on we selected 27 patients with lumbosacral tethered cord syndrome, neurological findings and positive MRI. Operation was performed clinical and neurological and imaging findings and their etiologies were recorded. Follow up was achieved in three periods for studying and reviewing of their neurological and scoliosis recovery. Data analyzed by descriptive statistics and frequency distributes tables by SPSS software. Sixteen patients were male and 11 were female. 22 cases were younger than 7 and 5 other cases were between 17 to 33. After 3 years, most of disorders were recovered. The best results were due to LBP, motoric disorder, dysesthesia and muscle cramps in lower limbs. Three Patients had CSF leakage and one patient had pseudomeningocele after operation. Surgery is recommended for resection of lesion, cord detethering or resection of tight filum terminal and adhesions. Results of surgical treatment are excellent especially in younger patients. In children, surgery is achieved for prevention of progressive neurological disorders. Cord detethering in adults, diminishes the size of cord cysts and prevents of progressive clinical and neurological disorders
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Neural Tube Defects/surgery , Prospective Studies , Lumbosacral Region , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Cauda Equina , Postoperative ComplicationsABSTRACT
The purpose of this study is to determine the incidence and complications of skull base fx [such as CSF leakage and intracranial injuries] after head trauma. Retrospectively from Oct. 2000 to Sep 2003, 26133 patients were admitted with head trauma at the neurosurgical Department of Shahid Kamiab Hospital. 1072 cases of these patients had skull fx. Among them 93 cases were admitted with skull base fx. CSF leakage, pneumocephalus, and intracranial hematoma were the most common complications. Many of them needed medical and conservative treatment, while the others need surgery. The worse the preoperative medical management, the less likely the preoperative recovery. Early recognition, prompt and correct treatment are both essential for optimal management and reducing mortality and complications
ABSTRACT
Objective and Importance: The authors reported a case of plasmocytoma involving the Cerebellopontine plasmocytoma. Clinical presentation: The patient was a 55-years-old woman who complained of vertigo and tinnitus for one year before admission, Neurologial examination showed impairement of cerebellar test. CT scan revealed a large mass lesion in the left CPA region. Intervention: The patient underwent a left retromastoid craniectomy and resection of the tumor. Histopathological studies of biopsy revealed plasmocytoma. Other studies, including bone isotope scan and bone marrow aspiration, did not show involvement of other parts of the body. Within 6 months of follow up there was no sign of progression of the tumor in CT scan. There are few reports of CPA solitary plasmocytoma. There is a potential risk for error in diagnosis in imaging and pathology. The current treatment is subtotal or radical resection combined with radiotherapy