ABSTRACT
Selenium (Se) supplementation may decrease the severity of ulcerative colitis (UC) through the activation of genes responsible for immune modulation. The present research was aimed to assess the effect of Se supplementation on the expression of silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) in UC patients. In a double-blind randomized parallel clinical trial, 100 patients with mild-to-moderate active UC met inclusion criteria and divided into 2 groups of treatment (50 patients received selenomethionine [200 µg daily]) and placebo (50 patients received placebo [1 capsule daily]) for 10 weeks. The expression rates of SIRT1 and PGC-1α were examined in the peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) using the real-time polymerase chain reaction. There was no considerable difference in the mean of baseline demographic and clinical characteristics between groups. Also, there were no significant differences in total energy intake, macronutrients, and micronutrients between groups. The SIRT1 gene expression in the Se group was significantly increased compared to the placebo (p < 0.001). An increase in the expression of the PGC-1α gene in the Se group was not statistically significant. It seems that Se supplementation caused a significant decrease in the inflammatory response of the colon by a significant increase in the expression of the SIRT1 gene.
ABSTRACT
Selenium (Se) supplementation may decrease the severity of ulcerative colitis (UC) through the activation of genes responsible for immune modulation. The present research was aimed to assess the effect of Se supplementation on the expression of silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) in UC patients. In a double-blind randomized parallel clinical trial, 100 patients with mild-to-moderate active UC met inclusion criteria and divided into 2 groups of treatment (50 patients received selenomethionine [200 µg daily]) and placebo (50 patients received placebo [1 capsule daily]) for 10 weeks. The expression rates of SIRT1 and PGC-1α were examined in the peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) using the real-time polymerase chain reaction. There was no considerable difference in the mean of baseline demographic and clinical characteristics between groups. Also, there were no significant differences in total energy intake, macronutrients, and micronutrients between groups. The SIRT1 gene expression in the Se group was significantly increased compared to the placebo (p < 0.001). An increase in the expression of the PGC-1α gene in the Se group was not statistically significant. It seems that Se supplementation caused a significant decrease in the inflammatory response of the colon by a significant increase in the expression of the SIRT1 gene.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Celiac disease presents with a wide spectrum of symptoms
This study clarifies different aspects of celiac disease along with the most common patterns of celiac presentation in Khuzestan Province, Iran
METHODS: Patients' information was obtained by evaluation of their files from the archives of the Khuzestan Celiac Society and records at gastroenterologists' offices in this province
RESULTS: Overall, there were 103 [40 males, 63 females] patients included in this study. Patients' mean ages were 33 +/-11 years [males] and 31.6 +/- 11.7 years [females]. In terms of geographic distribution, 54.1% resided in the center of the province followed by 26.5% who were residents of the northern area. The rate of employment among men was 70.6% whereas it was 8.3% for women. In terms of education, 21.9% of men and 33.3% of women had academic educations. The rate of matrimony was 80.6% [n=29] for men, 65.4% [n=38] for women and 3.4% [n=2] who were divorced. Mean height was 164 +/- 14 cm in men and 157.5 +/- 10 cm in women. Mean BMI at the time of presentation was 22.7 in men and 22.6 in women. The most common gastrointestinal [GI] complaints in male patients were diarrhea [35%], reflux [20%], bloating [17.5%], abdominal pain [15%], vomiting [15%] and constipation [7.5%]. Female patients experienced diarrhea [49.2%], abdominal pain [31.7%], bloating [31.7%], vomiting [19%], constipation [9.5%] and reflux [7.9%]. The most common concomitant non-GI disorders among male patients were anemia [17.1%], thyroid disease [14.3%], and weight loss (14.3%); women experienced anemia [33.9%], thyroid disease [12.5%], and weight loss [7.1%]. Approximately half of the patients exhibited symptoms for more than five years prior to diagnosis and 90% were diagnosed by gastroenterologists. Of these, 43% had normal endoscopy results. The most common serologic markers were anti-TTG [69.9%], anti-EMA [27.7%]
CONCLUSION: Physicians, prior to attributing patients' symptoms to irritable bowel syndrome [IBS] should be aware that patients who present with long-term nonspecific symptoms might possibly have celiac disease. During endoscopy, the threshold for obtaining biopsies should be low