ABSTRACT
Salivary gland tumors show complex histopathology and the treatment depends mainly on the stage of cancer. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) have a great role in regenerative medicine as they can generate pluripotent stem cells from any available cell types as fibroblast. Thus, the aim of this work is to investigate the possible therapeutic effect of (iPS) on induced salivary gland cancer through evaluation of the silent information regulators of sirtuin-1 (Sirt-1), Tgf-β genes and their protein expressions in addition to LncRNA MALAT-1 expression. Thirty male albino rats were employed and divided into three groups (ten rats for each group), group 1 (control): Rats were injected with phosphate buffered saline (PBS), group II induced squamous cell carcinoma (SCC): rats were injected with squamous carcinoma cells (SCC), group III (induced SCC/iPS): SCC treated rats treated with 5 × 106 iPS cells. Submandibular specimens were taken and prepared for histological, histochemical and immunohistochemical studies for Bax and TGF-β3 protein. Also, Real time PCR was performed for Sirt-1, Tgf-β, and MALAT-1 LncRNA genes expression. SIRT-1 and TGF-β protein level expression was assessed by western blot technique. Group III (iPS treated group) revealed more or less normal acinar structure with normal rearrangement of acini and normal intralobular ducts with an increase in their number. In the iPS treated group there was increasing in the amount of mucopoly saccharide in the acinar cells and intensity of BAX immunostaining while, TGF-β3 was decreased in its intensity in comparison to that of the cancer treated group. In addition to Sirt-1, Tgf-β, and MALAT-1 LncRNA expressions were increased in cancer group compared to iPS treated and control groups. Induced pluripotent stem cells play a potential therapeutic role in treatment of induced submandibular gland carcinoma. Retraction Notice: This paper has been retracted from the journal after receipt of written complains. This journal is determined to promote integrity in research publication. This retraction is in spirit of the same. After formal procedures editor(s) and publisher have retracted this paper on 19th August-2019. Related policy is available here: http://goo.gl/lI77Nn
ABSTRACT
Background: Diesel vehicles exhaust contains toxic nanoparticles that drastically affect lung tissue due to their direct cytotoxic effects, induction of oxidative stress, inflammatory signaling pathways and DNA damage. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) exhibit anti-inflammatory effects and efficient regenerative capacity in chronic lung diseases. Objectives: Evaluation of the effects of MSCs and MSCs-derived micro vesicles (MSCs-MVs) on pulmonary toxicity induced by diesel exhaust nanoparticles (DENPs). Materials and Methods: Sixty male rats were equally divided into: Group I (Control rats), Group II (DENPs group) received repeated doses of DENPs (180μg/rat) intratracheally every other day for 6 days, Group III (MSCs group) received MSCs intravenously (3×106 cells) after the last dose of DENPs and Group IV (MSCs-MVs group) received MSCs-MVs (0.5 mg/mL) intravenously after the last dose of DENPs. Lung tissue were subjected to histological and immunohistochemical assessment. Inflammatory cytokines and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) contents of inflammatory cells, albumin, LDH and total proteins were evaluated. Results: Histological picture of lung tissue in DENPs group showed numerous collapsed alveoli, thick interalveolar septa and marked cellular infiltration. Elastic fibers were markedly decreased by DENPs. Increased optical density of NF-κB/p65 immunoreactivity. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid showed significant elevation of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-a, IL-6), polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN), neutrophils, macrophages, LDH, total proteins and albumin. Treatment with either MSCs or MSCs-MVs led to a significant amelioration of all of the aforementioned studied parameters. Conclusion: MSCs-MVs and MSCs showed significant therapeutic effects against DENPs damaging effects on the lung tissues via their regenerative capacity and anti-inflammatory effects.