ABSTRACT
Statement of the Problem: Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth [SHEDs] are a population of highly proliferative cells, being capable of differentiating into osteogenic, odontogenic, adipocytes, and neural cells. Vitamin D3 metabolites such as 1 alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 are key factors in the regulation of bone metabolism
Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 1 alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on osteogenic differentiation [alkaline phosphatase activity and alizarin red staining] of stem cells of exfoliated deciduous teeth
Materials and Method: Dental pulp was removed from freshly extracted primary teeth and immersed in a digestive solution. Then, the dental pulp cells were immersed in alpha-MEM [minimum essential medium] to which 10% fetal bovine serum was added. After the third passage, the cells were isolated from the culture plate and were used for osteogenic differentiation. As a control group, the cells were cultured in osteogenic cell culture medium. As the case group, the cells were cultured in osteogenic culture medium supplemented with 100 nM 1 alpha, 25 [OH]2D3. The alkaline phosphatase [ALP] activity and alizarin red staining were analyzed to evaluate the osteogenic differentiation at day 21. The results were analyzed by using t-test
Results: Compared with the control group, significant increase was observed in ALP activity of SHEDs after being treated with 1 alpha, 25[OH]2D3 [p= 0.002]. Alizarin red staining demonstrated that the cells exposed to 1 alpha, 25[OH]2D3 induced higher mineralized nodules [p< 0.001]
Conclusion: Osteoblast differentiation in SHEDs was stimulated by 1 alpha,25[OH] 2D3. It can be concluded that 1 alpha,25[OH]2D3 can improve osteoblastic differentiation