Comparison of early results and complications between multi-and single-port sleeve gastrectomy: a randomized clinical study

Background: In recent years, laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy [LSG] has become more acceptable for obese patients. Single-port sleeve gastrectomy [SPSG] is more popular since each abdominal incision carries the risk of bleeding, hernia, and internal organ injury as well as exponentially affecting cosmesis. This cross-sectional study aimed at comparing multi-port sleeve gastrectomy [MPSG] and SPSG in terms of their early results and complications

Methods: Out of129 obese patients candidated for LSG, 102 patients were assigned to 2 groups of SPSG and MPSG. Complications and demographic data such as body mass index [BMI], age, gender, operation time, and hospital stay were measured. All surgeries were carried out between2013 and 2015 in Shiraz, Iran. Data analysis was performed using SPSS, version 16 for Windows [SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL]. The continuous and categorical variables were compared using the Student t-test and the Chi-square test or the Fisher exact test, respectively

Results: The patients' data from both groups were similar in terms of age, intraoperative and postoperative bleeding volume, and length of hospital stay. Mean BMI was 42.8+/-0.7 in the SPSG group and 45.3+/-1.2 in the MPSG group. Duration of surgery was significantly lower in the SPSG group [P<0.001]. Only 1 patient from the SPSG group and 5 patients from the MPSG group had bleeding as an early complication

Conclusion: The differences in each complication between the groups were not statistically significant. SPSG seems to be safe and is the same as MPSG in terms of major postoperative complications

Differentiation potential of O Bombay human-induced pluripotent stem cells and human embryonic stem cells into fetal erythroid-like cells

There is constant difficulty in obtaining adequate supplies of blood components, as well as disappointing performance of "universal" red blood cells. Advances in somatic cell reprogramming of human-induced pluripotent stem cells [hiPSCs] have provided a valuable alternative source to differentiate into any desired cell type as a therapeutic promise to cure many human disease. In this experimental study, we examined the erythroid differentiation potential of normal Bombay hiPSCs [B-hiPSCs] and compared results to human embryonic stem cell [hESC] lines. Because of lacking ABO blood group expression in B-hiPSCs, it has been highlighted as a valuable source to produce any cell type in vitro. Similar to hESC lines, hemangioblasts derived from B-hiPSCs expressed approximately 9% KDR+CD31+ and approximately 5% CD31+CD34+. In semisolid media, iPSC and hESC-derived hemangioblast formed mixed type of hematopoietic colony. In mixed colonies, erythroid progenitors were capable to express CD71+GPA+HbF+ and accompanied by endothelial cells differentiation. Finally, iPS and ES cells have been directly induced to erythropoiesis without hemangioblast formation that produced CD71+HbF+erythroid cells. Although we observed some variations in the efficiency of hematopoietic differentiation between iPSC and ES cells, the pattern of differentiation was similar among all three tested lines

[In-vitro differentiation of human embryonic stem cells into hemangioblasts]

Human embryonic stem cells [hESCs] are capable of self-renewal and large-scale expansion. They also have the capacity to differentiate into a variety of cell types including liver, cardiac and neuron cells. However, it is not yet clear whether hESCs can differentiate to hemangioblasts under in-vitro conditions. Hemangioblasts are bipotential progenitors that can generate hematopoietic lineages and endothelial cells. The aim of this study was to identify the potential of human Royan H5 embryonic stem cells in differentiating into hemangioblast cells. HESCs were cultured at suspension system in DMEM/F12 supplemented with bFGF. 7-day old cells differentiated into blast cells under defined condition consisting of hematopoietic cytokines including BMP4, VEGF, etc. Blast cell markers kinase insert domain receptor [KDR], CD31, and CD34 were evaluated by flow cytometry and blast gene expressions [TAL-1, Runx-1 and CD34] were detected by qRT-PCR. Clonogenic assays were performed in semisolid medium by colony forming unit-assays. The hESCs [Royan H5] had the capacity of differentiating into hemangioblast cells. We could detect colonies that expressed 79% +/- 12.5 KDR+, 5.6% +/- 2.8 CD31[+]-CD34[+] and 6% +/- 2.12 KDR[+]-CD31[+] on day 8 in the hESCs. Up-regulation of TAL-1, Runx-1 and CD34 occurred during hemangioblast commitment [P