ABSTRACT
Metastatic tumors presenting as soft tissue lesions are relatively rare, and can be the source of diagnostic confusion both clinically and histopathologically. We present a case of an 82-year-old woman with complaints of painless swelling in the right temporo-occipital junction for 3 months, and with unusual scalp metastasis of thyroid follicular carcinoma. Use of histopathological examinations are significant for determining the tumor type, and arriving at the exact and correct diagnosis
ABSTRACT
To evaluate localizations of cyclooxygenase [COX]-1 and COX-2 following traumatic brain injury [TBI] and the effects of 2 therapeutic agents on COX inhibition. Forty rabbits were used in this study for developing a TBI model and divided into 4 groups [n=10] at Afyon Kocatepe University School of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey in June 2004. Differential cellular COX-1 and COX-2 protein expression profiles were analyzed following TBI, and the effects of 2 therapeutic agents, indomethacin and nimodipine, on COX inhibition were evaluated immunohistochemically. This study revealed that COX-1 and COX-2 protein expression were significantly increased in vascular endothelial, smooth muscle cells, and CD68+ microglia/macrophages following TBI. Indomethacin inhibited the COX expression in glial cells more than nimodipine, however, both did not affect endothelial COX-1 and COX-2 expression. The restricted accumulation of COX-1 at the perilesional area points to an acute inflammatory response and the role of COX-1 in TBI. This study revealed that COX-1 expression should be a pharmacological target following TBI, and COX-2 should also be evaluated in this aspect, and indomethacin is more effective than nimodipine for blocking COX-1