Role of anterior segment optical coherence tomography in the diagnosis of subclinical keratoconus in comparison with the pentacam

Background: The most common ectatic disorder is keratoconus which is characterized by bilateral and progressive corneal thinning. Role of the pentacam has been well established for screening form fruste keratoconus in ophthalmology practice. While for anterior segment OCT it can detect the characteristic abnormal corneal thinning in patients with keratoconus using its pachymetry maps

Aim of the Work: was to detect how much anterior segment OCT can approach the pentacam's well established efficacy in diagnosis of early keratoconus among the highly myopic astigmatic patients

Patients and Methods: This prospective, non-randomized population study followed the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki, and the protocol was reviewed and approved by the Ophthalmology Department of Ain Shams University. An informed consent was signed by the patients before inclusion. We selected 40 eyes of twenty-three healthy young volunteers with high myopic astigmatism for the study from patients who attended the outpatient clinic of Maghraby Eye Hospital at the period of November and December 2017

Results: This study included 40 eyes of healthy young adults [22 females, 18 males] with high myopic astigmatism [-4.038 D+/- 1.194]. The mean age +/- SD was 24.1 +/- 5.702 [range: 16-31 years]. Statistically highly significant differences were observed in all measured cases between Pentacam and Anterior Segment OCT [p<0.01]. So the OCT corneal pachymetry mapping seems promising for evaluating corneas as in cases of early keratoconus

Conclusion: The OCT corneal pachymetry mapping with its fast acquisition time seems promising for evaluating highly astigmatic corneas, as in early keratoconus

Pattern-reversal visual evoked potential as a test for visual function in children

Thirty six children were subjected to pattern reversal VEP recording after testing their visual acuity by ordinary Snellen charts. By analysis of VEP records a change in the amplitude of P[2] was found in visual acuities less than 6/18 Prolongation of the latency of P[2] was recorded in amblyopic eyes

Electrophysiological and field changes in methyl alcohol poisoning

A study was done on eighteen adult males referred from the poison Control Centre on Ain Shans University, 6 months after methyl alcocohol intosication The electrophysiological investigations proved the following 1-ERG: was normal in all cases meaning that the retina was not affected by that type of poisoning 2-VEP: which is useful diagnostic and prognostic type of investigation for optic nerve function and affection, was extinguished in 10 cases, of low amplitude in 6 cases, and normal in 2 cases 3-Visual field changes: the findings were mainly in the form of central scotomata and marked peripheral field contraction

Yag laser anterior capsulotomy

Planned extracapslar cataract extraction was done for different types of senile cataract, to study the role of Nd-YAG laser in anterior capsulotomy. As a result of this work is proved that YAG laser is a safe and satisfactory method for anterior capsulotomy