ABSTRACT
End-stage renal disease [ESRD] is an increasing health problem worldwide, its treatments negatively affect on quality of sleep and quality of life as well. Many patients with ESRD who are undergoing chronic hemodialysis treatment suffer from sleep disturbance. Aiming to assess the factors affecting sleep disturbances among patients under hemodialysis treatment program as well as to assess the effect of sleep disturbance on quality of life among those patients. This study is a descriptive study. It was conducted in the dialysis unit in El-Minia University Hospital. The study group was a convenience sample of 100 patients, 20-50 years old, and undergoing maintenance hemodialysis program. Patients' assessment were done through using the following data collection tools: 1] a structured interview questionnaire sheet, 2] Quality of Life Index [Quality of Life Index, Dialysis Version III [QLI], 3] The Karn of sky Performance Scale] and 4] The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index [PQSI]. Results of this study showed significant positive correlation between quality of sleep and quality of life. Concluded that the patients' undergoing HD therapy sleep disturbance had a negative impact on quality of life and functional performance ability. Recommended a counseling program for those groups of patients to improve their sleep quality
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Sleep Wake Disorders/complications , Quality of Life , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
The effect of different organic solvent extracts of Azolla pinnata on some growth parameters and chemical aspects show that there is little difference in the percentage of germination. Alcohol, toluene or acetone extracts have stimulating effects, mostly on growth parameters, while ethyl acetate or methylene chloride extracts attenuated the growth in their low concentration whereas high concentrations seemed to be beyond the threshold level of stimulation. Alcohol, toluene and acetone extracts were effective in stimulating water absorption. Water translocation was also stimulated by alcohol or acetone extracts but toluene extract was suppressive. The total chlorophyll of the cotyledons increased in presence of alcohol, toluene or acetone extracts. The Extracts by ethyl acetate or methylene chloride attenuated the chlorophyll a/b ratio. In the meantime, the five different extracts remarkably enhanced total carbohydrate accumulation at their highest concentration. Sucrose synthesis was highly activated by toluene extract whereas that of starch formation was not affected. Only the acetone extract [at 4 percent level], toluene extract [at 12 percent level and ethyl acetate extract at 12 percent and 20 percent level] attenuated protein accumulation
Subject(s)
Plants/drug effects , Germination/drug effectsABSTRACT
Serum and synovial fluid levels of transforming growth factor beta [TGF-beta], interleukin-1 beta [IL-1 beta] and hyaluronan in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis were estimated. Twenty- three and twenty-two serum and synovial fluid [SF] samples were obtained from patients with osteoarthritis [OA] and rheumatoid arthritis [RA] and thirteen serum samples from age and sex matched controls. Serum TGF-beta, IL-1 beta and HA levels were significantly elevated in OA and RA patients compared with control group. The significant increase of these previous serum markers was observed in RA patients compared with OA patients, whereas no significant differences were obtained in SF TGF-beta levels between the two groups. On the other hand, SFHA levels were reduced significantly in OA and RA patients with high index radiological progression, whereas serum HA and SF IL-1 beta levels were elevated significantly in RA patients with high index radiological progression. In RA patients, SF IL-1 beta levels were also correlated significantly with the clinical variables. Concerning the biochemical markers interrelationship, SFHA levels were negatively correlated with SF IL-1 beta level and RA, respectively. Also, SFHA levels were correlated with SF TGF-beta-levels in OA and RA, respectively. Moreover, negative correlation was observed between serum HA and SFHA in RA patients