protective role of transplanted bone marrow cells against injuries induced by a chemical carcinogen and / or gamma-rays in kidney tissue of rats

Aim of the work: This work aimed to study the biochemical and histopathological changes in the kidney of male albino rats post exposure to 6Gy of gamma radiation and the protective role of transplanted bone marrow cells against damage induced in rat's kidney by a chemical carcinogen

Materials and Methods: In this study, forty eight healthy and active male albino rats about 120 grams in body weight were used. The animals were housed in plastic cages under normal temperature, pressure, humidity and good ventilation conditions during the whole period of experimentation. The animals were fed on a standard pellet diet and water

Results: Exposure of rats to gamma-radiation caused a significant increase in kidney function tests, decreased significantly the antioxidants with numerous histopathological changes in the rat kidney tissue. These changes were ameliorated by bone marrow transplantation either after whole body gamma-irradiation and/or Fe-NTA treatment

Conclusion: Bone marrow transplantation either after whole body gamma-irradiation and/or Fe-NTA treatment restored the kidney functions and ameliorated the oxidative stress and antioxidants markers. The histopathological observations showed amelioration in the structure of the kidney cortex. So, BM transplantation exerts some curative effects on the function and histological structure of kidney cortex of rats exposed to gamma-irradiation and/or Fe-NTA treatment

protective effect of BM transplantation on liver tissue by a chemical carcinogen or gamma- radiation in rats

Aim of work: this work aimed to study the biochemical and histopathological changes in the liver of male albino rats post exposure to 6Gy of gamma radiation and the possible protective effect of bone marrow [BM] transplantation on the liver tissues by a chemical carcinogen ferric nitrilotriacetate [Fe-NTA] or gamma- radiation in rats

Materials and methods: In this study, thirty six healthy and active male albino rats about 120 grams in body weight were used. The animals were housed in plastic cages under normal temperature, pressure, humidity and good ventilation conditions during the whole period of the experiment. The animals were fed on a standard pellet diet and water. Animals were categorized into six groups and served as the following groups: control, gamma irradiated[R], Fe-NTA, BM+R, BM + Fe-NTA and BM.+Fe-NTA+R

Results: the present results suggested that exposure to gamma-radiation or Fe-NTA induced a significantly disturbance in the liver functions and structure. They increased significantly the oxidative stress and decreased significantly the antioxidants tissues and they also increased necrotic and apoptotic cells in rat's liver tissue. Bone marrow transplantation either after whole body gamma-irradiation or Fe-NTA treatment restored the liver functions and structure. BT also ameliorated the oxidative stress and antioxidative markers. The histopathological observations recorded some amelioration in the apoptotic and necrotic evaluation in liver tissue

Ameliorative effect of two antioxidants on the liver of male albino rats exposed to electromagnetic field

This study aimed to determine the ameliorative effect of silymarin [SIL] and vitamin E [Vit.E] against changes induced by mobile phone radiation in the liver of male albino rats. Total of 48 adult male albino rats were assigned for this study. The 1[st] group served as control [n=6]; the 2[nd] group exposed to mobile phone generator radiation [900MHz] for 2hr/day 3days/week for two months, 3[rd] group [+ve control] supplemented with SIL, 4[th] group [+ve control] supplemented with Vit.E, 5[th] group [+ve control] supplemented with SIL and Vit.E, 6[th] group: exposed group supplemented with SIL, 7[th] group: exposed group supplemented with Vit.E and 8[th] group exposed group supplemented with SIL and Vit.E.Physiological, histopathological and histochemical changes were studied. Exposure to mobile phone causes reduction in RBCs, Hb, Hct, MCV, MCH and MCHC. However, WBCs count, platelets count, lymphocytes % and neutrophil %were increased.Also, there were increases in liver enzyme activities ALAT, ASAT and ALP in serum and liver tissue significantly and increased oxidative stress markers [MDA and H[2]O[2]].While, antioxidants [CAT and GSH] were decreased in serum and liver tissue. Numerous histopathological changes were detected in the liver tissue of rats of the irradiated group with altered collagen fibres, polysaccharides and total protein in hepatocytes of the central and portal areas of the liver tissue in the exposed group These changes manifested good amelioration in the exposed groups that supplemented with SIL and/or Vit.E . Treatment of rats with SIL and/or Vit.E ameliorated the dangerous effect of mobile phone radiation

Physiological and histological studies on the heart of male albino rats exposed to electromagnetic field and the protective role of silymarin and/or vitamin E

This study aimed to determine the ameliorative effect of silymarin [SIL] and/or vitamin E [Vit.E] against changes induced by mobile phone radiation in the heart of male albino rats. Total of 48 adult male albino rats were assigned for this study. The 1[st] group served as control [n=6], the 2[nd] group exposed to mobile phone generator radiation [900MHz] for 2hr/day 3days/week for two months, 3[rd] group [+ve control] supplemented with SIL, 4[th] group [+ve control] supplemented with Vit. E, 5[th] group [+ve control] supplemented with SIL and Vit.E, 6[th] group: exposed group supplemented with SIL, 7th group: exposed group supplemented with Vit.E and 8[th] group exposed group supplemented with SIL and Vit.E. Physiological ,histopathological and histochemical changes were studied. Exposure to mobile phone causes increases in activities of CPK, CK-MB and LDH enzymes in serum and heart tissue and oxidative stress markers [MDA and H[2]O[2]],while antioxidants [CAT and GSH] were decreased in the heart tissue. Sodium [Na] and calcium [Ca] levels were decreased While, K level showed non-significant change in serum. Numerous histopathological changes were detected in the heart tissue of rats of the irradiated group with altered collagen fibres, polysaccharides in the cardiac muscle fibres of the exposed group. These changes manifested good amelioration in the exposed groups that supplemented with SIL and/or Vit.E. Treatment of rats with SIL and/or Vit.E ameliorated the dangerous effect of mobile phone radiation occurred in the cardiac muscle fibres

Histopathological, histochemical and biochemical studies on hepatic hydatid cysts of some animals

Cystic echinococcosis is considered as a major cosmopolitan zoonotic disease affecting the health of man. Naturally infected hepatic cysts from camels, pigs, and sheep were collected from El-Basateen abattoir for histopathological, histochemical and biochemical, studies. Total proteins, uric acid, urea, cholesterol, triglycerides, AST, ALT, GOT, Alkaline phosphatase LDH, Na, K, and calcium showed a higher concentration in fertile cysts while creatinine only had a higher concentration in sterile ones. Dystrophic changes were observed in the infected liver specially around the cyst wall and around the portal areas this was accompanied with increased collagenous fibres. The cyst wall showed remarkable reaction for total proteins in camels and pigs associated with less stain affinity in the hepatocytes. A remarkable reaction for polysaccharides was detected in the cyst wall of all the studied animals comparing to hepatocytes

Efficiency of immunization of mice with irradiated antigen against schistosoma mansoni infection in comparison with praziquantel

The present study is an attempt to evaluate the protective effect of schistosomula antigen and the current antischistosomal drug praziquantel [PZQ] as a reference drug on mice infected with S. mansoni. Mice were vaccinated by irradiated or non-irradiated schistosomula antigen, both at a dose of 100 ug protein/mice once weekly for 3 weeks, before infection with a live cercariae and compared with the treatment with i.m. injection of praziquantel at a dose, of 40 mg/kg b.wt. 4 times once weekly for 4 weeks after infection. The degree of resistance or protection induced by immunization and chemotherapy was assessed 45 days post-infection and evaluated by physiological, parasitological, immunological as well as histological parameters. The results indicated that immunization with lambda irradiated antigen at 20 Krad or the treatment with PZQ resulted in significant reduction in ova count in liver and intestine tissues more than those vaccinated with non-irradiated antigen compared with infected group. Immunized group with irradiated antigen and the group treated with PZQ showed a significant decrease in liver enzymes activity [ALT, AST and lambda -GT], while in immunized group with non-irradiated antigen, there was a significant increase in AST and lambda -GT as compared to infected group. The level of alkaline phosphatase enzyme was significantly increased in all investigated groups compared to infected one. Treatment with PZQ or immunization with irradiated or non-irradiated schistosomula antigen induced amelioration in serum IL-10 and TNF-alpha. Scanning electron microscope demonstrated normal mature worms in infected group after 45 days from infection. In contrast, many changes were detected in the rest groups as alterations in the tegument, implosion of tubercles which appeared pealed and sloughed off and most of the spines were detached and separated. Histological examination of liver sections of infected mice revealed lobular cellular infiltration and cloudy swelling in hepatocytes with occurrence of necrotic foci. Also, granuloma of infiltrating cells was noticed around the portal structures and inbetween the degenerated cells. Congested portal vein could be seen lodged with adult worms and the portal tracts showed fibrous thickening. Whereas, the lung revealed destructed bronchioles which appeared surrounded by intense inflammatory foci. Thickened interalveolar septae were also marked, however many alveoli appeared with shed destroyed epithelium. Moreover, peribronchiolar and perivascular fibrosis was quite prominent. Gross pathological alterations were observed in both liver and lung of immunized groups with non-irradiated antigen. In controversy, immunization with irradiated antigen can reduce the granulomatous reaction and collagen deposition. There are also little inflammation and less congestion, however the hepatic and pulmonary architectures appeared otherwise normal. The present histological findings proved that PZQ has a valuable schistosomicidal effect but some pathological changes are still detectable. On the whole, it could be concluded that irradiated antigen produced marked protection against S.mansoni infection and this may reflect its possible beneficial effect on the diseased liver and lung

Protective role of proanthocyanidin against carbon tetrachloride induced toxicity in irradiated rats

The hepatic injury induced by carbon tetrachloride [CCl[4]] as well as gamma-irradiation has taken most attention. Prevention is one of the essential ways of controlling this toxicity and the use of natural plant compounds as grape seed extract can be considered as one of the most significant elements in this prevention. The present study is also designed to evaluate the hepatoprotective effects of grape seed extract [100mg/kg B.wt daily] against the toxic effect of CCl[4] [0.3 ml/kg B.wt twice weekly for 8 weeks] and/ or fractionated doses of 2 Gy gamma-radiation day after day up to 10 Gy in male rats. Results obtained could be summarized as follows: Combined treatments of CCl[4] and gamma-radiation induced a significant increase in malondialdehyde [MDA] level, and decreased level of reduced glutathione [GSH]. It also increased serum enzymes aspartate transferase [AST], alanine transferase [ALT], a lkaline phosphatase [ALP] and gamma - glutamyl transpeptidase [gamma-GT] activities and decreased Hb%, RBCs, WBCs and platelets count. Proanthocyanidin administration improved the significant increase in MDA level and ameliorated serum enzymes as well as improved the decreased level of GSH content of irradiated rats or those treated with CCl[4]. It also could normalize the blood constituents Hb%, RBCs, WBCs and platelets count. The data of the present study declared that proanthocyanidin is bioavailable, potent free radical scavenger and exhibits antioxidant properties against CCl[4] and gamma-irradiation induced hepatic injury

Anti-gliadin antibodies as a serological marker of celiac diseases in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

This work aimed to study the prevalence of anti-gliadin antibodies as a serologic test for celiac disease in patients with insulin-dependant diabetes mellitus and the possible association of these antibodies with certain manifestations of celiac disease. The study was conducted on 40 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus [group I] compared with 20 age- and sex-matched healthy controls [group II]. The results demonstrated that six out of the 40 diabetic patients had anti-gliadin antibodies compared with none of the control subjects. Recurrent aphthous ulcers were detected in five of the diabetic patients and none of the controls. Four of the diabetic patients suffered from chronic diarrhea compared with none of the controls. Albuminuria was demonstrated in eight of the diabetics and two of the controls. A high prevalence of celiac disease, as evidenced by positive anti-gliadin antibodies, existed in patients with insulin-dependant diabetes mellitus compared with the general population

Study of changes in lipids pattern in some types of anaemia

Our study included 39 subjects into 3 groups: group I: normal healthy individuals as control group with mean age of 17 years. Group II: thalassaemic patients with mean age of 17 years. Group III: 12 patients suffered from iron deficiency anaemia with mean age of 18 years. Thalassemia is a condition in which there is a reduced rate of synthesis of one or more of the globin chains leading to imbalanced globin chain synthesis, defective haemoglobin production, and damage to red cells or their precursors from the effects of the globin subunits that are produced in excess. The present study is performed to evaluate he levels, structure and compoistion of lipoproteins for patients with beta thalassemia major in comparison with patients with iron deficiency anaemia and healthy individuals. Patients and controls were subjected to: haemoglobin percentage, red blood corpuscles count, Hb electrophoresis, serum triglycerides, serum cholesterol, serum VLDL, serum LDL, Serum HDL-C, serum apolipoprotein A[1], serum apolipoprotin b. The results showed increased serum triglycerides and VLDL, decreased serum cholesterol, LDL, HDL and apo-A[1]. Hypocholesterolaemia, decreased LDL, HDL and apo-A[1], in anaemic patients [thalassaemia and iron deficiency] may be due to: diluting effect of the increased plasma volume accompanying anaemia. Abnormality in the biopsynthesis and excretion. Increased lipid consumption by red cell formation. Decreased lipoprotein sunthesis. Abnormalitis in distribution of lipids in plasma lipoproteins. Disturbance in the formation of lipoprotein lipase enzyme. and/or liver dysfunction associated with anaemia