Study of the Effect of Route of Administration of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Cisplatin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Sprague Dawley Rats

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been shown to ameliorate cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). The present study compares the efficacy of different routes of MSCs administration on kidney damage and regeneration after cisplatin-induced AKI. METHODS: A single intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin (5 mg/kg) was used to induce AKI in 160 rats. MSCs (5×106) were given by either intravenous, intra-arterial or kidney sub capsular injection one day after cisplatin injection. Suitable control groups were included. Rats were sacrificed at 4, 7, 11 and 30 days after cisplatin injection. Kidney function parameters, kidney tissue oxidative stress markers, and scoring for renal tissue injury, regeneration and chronicity were all determined. RESULTS: MSCs by any routes were able to ameliorate kidney function deterioration and renal tissue damage induced by cisplatin. The overall results of the three routes were equal. Differences between the different routes in one parameter were transient and inconsistent with other parameters. CONCLUSION: Changing the route of MSCs injection does not have a major influence on the outcome. Future evaluation should focus on differences between the routes of administration considering the long term safety.

Histopathologic variants of minimal change nephrotic syndrome among Egyptian children: clinical significance and long-term evolution

It is widely accepted that minimal change nephrotic syndrome [MCNS] is the most common cause of nephrosis in children. Minimal change disease typically shows no abnormalities in light microscopy. However, there are some minor light microscopic abnormalities that are considered to be MCNS variants. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical importance and long-term outcomes of some minimal change variants. This retrospective study included 124 children with idiopathic MCNS, diagnosed between 1998 and 2001 at the Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University. Their clinical records, follow up data and renal samples were reviewed. Among them 76 were males and 48 were females, and their age ranged from 2 to 12 years [median 4.2 years]. They were classified into three subgroups: nil disease [62 patients], mild mesangial hypercellularity [MMH] [38 patients], and mild mesangial thickening [MMT] [24 patients]. Patients with MMH had significantly higher age at onset and significantly higher number of relapses prior to biopsy compared to the nil disease group [p: 0.02 and p: 0.09, respectively]. Patients with MMH had significantly higher serum creatinine, and significantly lower creatinine clearance than those with MMT [p=0.011 for both]. There was no significant difference between the groups as regards the incidence of permanent remission, steroid dependence, steroid resistance, infrequent relapses or frequent relapses over the four years after renal biopsy. Serial creatinine clearance done yearly for four years showed insignificant differences among the three groups. Mild mesangial hypercellualrity may differ initially from other minimal change variants as regard age of onset frequency of relapses, and renal function, but follow-up for 4 years revealed insignificant differences between these groups clearance