ABSTRACT
Objective: To determine the frequency of HIV, HBV, HCV, syphilis and malaria in blood donors at Children Hospital and Institute of Child Health [ICH], Lahore and compare with other local and international published data
Study Design: Descriptive study
Place and Duration of Study: This was conducted at the blood bank of Children's Hospital and ICH, Lahore from October 2015 to February 2016. Patient and Methods: All adult male blood donors who had donated blood during above mentioned period, between 18 to 55 years of age were included in this study. Each and every donor was subjected to a predetermined, prepared questionnaire to find out their eligibility for donation. All blood donors' serum samples were screened for HBsAg, Anti-HCV, syphilis, HIV and malaria by immuno chromatography technique according to manufacturer instruction
Results: Statistical analysis showed that out of 10,048 blood donors, 7.94% [n=798] were infected with any one of the above mentioned diseases and 92.05% [n=9,250] had no infection. The overall frequency of HBsAg, HCV, HIV, syphilis and malaria were found to be 1.59%, 3.75%, 0.11%, 2.08% and 0.39% respectively. The co-infections of HCV + Syphilis, HBsAg + HCV, HBsAg + Syphilis, HCV + malarial parasite [M.P] and HBsAg + HIV + syphilis was 0.12%, 0.11%, 0.01% and 0.0099% respectively
Conclusion: There is a decreasing trend of HBsAg, HCV infections but increasing trend of HIV and syphilis infections in blood donors that is an alarming situation
ABSTRACT
Objective: To determine the frequency of HIV, HBV, HCV, syphilis and malaria in blood donors at Children Hospital and Institute of Child Health [ICH], Lahore and compare with other local and international published data
Study Design: Descriptive study
Place and Duration of Study: This was conducted at the blood bank of Children's Hospital and ICH, Lahore from October 2015 to February 2016
Patient and Methods: All adult male blood donors who had donated blood during above mentioned period, between 18 to 55 years of age were included in this study. Each and every donor was subjected to a predetermined, prepared questionnaire to find out their eligibility for donation. All blood donors' serum samples were screened for HBsAg, Anti-HCV, syphilis, HIV and malaria by immuno chromatography technique according to manufacturer instruction
Results: Statistical analysis showed that out of 10,048 blood donors, 7.94% [n=798] were infected with any one of the above mentioned diseases and 92.05% [n=9,250] had no infection. The overall frequency of HBsAg, HCV, HIV, syphilis and malaria were found to be 1.59%, 3.75%, 0.11%, 2.08% and 0.39% respectively. The co-infections of HCV + Syphilis, HBsAg + HCV, HBsAg + Syphilis, HCV + malarial parasite [M.P] and HBsAg + HIV + syphilis was 0.12%, 0.11%, 0.01% and 0.0099% respectively
Conclusion: There is a decreasing trend of HBsAg, HCV infections but increasing trend of HIV and syphilis infections in blood donors that is an alarming situation
ABSTRACT
Hodgkin's disease is a malignant process of lymphoreticular system that constitutes 6% of childhood cancers Accurate staging of lymphoma is the basis for rational therapeutic planning and assessment of the presence or absence of marrow involvement is a basic part of the staging evaluation. The objective of this study was to determine the incidence of marrow infiltration in paediatric patients with Hodgkin's disease and to ascertain its morphological spectrum in the marrow. The study included 85 paediatric patients with diagnosed Hodgkin's disease seen at The Children's Hospital/Institute of Child Health, Lahore, from January 2010 to December 2011, referred to haematology department for bone marrow biopsies. Ages ranged between two years to fourteen years with an average age of seven years, the male female ratio being 13:1. Mixed cellularity was the commonest histological type present in 66 [78%] cases. The presenting feature common in all cases was superficial lymphadenopathy followed by hepatomegaly in 17 [20%] cases and splenomegaly in 16 [19%]. All the marrow aspirates were negative for infiltration, Trephine biopsies revealed marrow infiltration in 9 [10.5%]. Five [56%] cases had bilateral while 4 [44%] had unilateral involvement. Pattern of infiltration was diffuse in 8 [89%] and focal in one [11%] trephines. Increased marrow fibrosis was present in eight [89%] cases. Diagnostic Reed Sternberg cells were identified in only one case and the mononuclear variants were present in six cases and atypical cells were present in two cases in these immunohistochemistry for CD15 and CD30 was performed which was positive. Granulomas in one and lymphoid aggregates were present in two trephine biopsies otherwise negative for Hodgkin's infiltration. Bone marrow infiltration was present in 10.5% cases, immunohistochemistry was used to confirm infiltration in two cases, the pattern of infiltration being diffuse in majority [89%].