Critical analysis of salvage radical prostatectomy in the management of radioresistant prostate cancer

Purpose: To critically evaluate salvage radical prostatectomy (SRP) in the treatment of patients with recurrent prostate cancer (PCa). Materials and Methods: From January 2005 to June 2007, we assessed patients with recurrent localized PCa. Recurrence was suspected when there were three or more successive increases in prostate specific antigen (PSA) after nadir. After the routine imagery examinations, and once localized PCa was confirmed, patients were offered SRP. Following surgery, we evaluated bleeding, rectal injury, urinary incontinence or obstruction and impotence. PSA values were measured at 1, 3, 6, months and thereafter twice a year. Results: Forty-two patients underwent SRP. The average age was 61 years. Following radiotherapy , the mean PSA nadir was 1.5 ng/mL (0.57-5.5). The mean prostate specific antigen doubling time (PSA-DT) was 14 months (6-20). Prior to SRP, the mean PSA was 5.7 ng/mL (2.9-18). The pathologic staging was pT2a: 13 percent; pT2b: 34 percent; pT2c: 27 percent; pT3a: 13 percent; and pT3b: 13 percent. Bleeding > 600 mL occurred in 14 percent of the cases; urethral stenosis in 50 percent; and urinary incontinence (two or more pads/day) in 72 percent. The mean follow-up post-SRP ranged from 6 to 30 months. The PSA level rose in 9, of which 6 had PSA-DT < 10 months. Conclusions: SRP is a feasible method in the management of localized radioresistant PCa. PSA-DT has shown to be important for the selection and SRP should not be performed if PSA-DT > 10 months. Due to its increased morbidity, SRP should be only offered to the patients who are more concerned about survival rather than quality of life.

Scrotal neoplasia: would truck drivers be at greater risk?

OBJECTIVE: To analyze how scrotal neoplasias have been managed during the past decade and to question possible factors or professions associated to its presence. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated every case reported from 1995 to 2005 at our hospital. We described the clinical scenario, complementary exams, treatments and outcomes. We also tried to verify if there was any risk, predisposing factors or professions that would explain the cancer origin. RESULTS: Six cases were reviewed. Out of these, three patients were truck drivers. Five of them showed restricted lesions without inguinal lymph nodes enlargement. Histologically, six patients presented squamous carcinoma, with two of them having the verrucous type. The median age of patients was 52 years old (31 to 89). The five patients who are still alive had their lesions completely removed with safety margin and primary closure. CONCLUSIONS: We have noticed that the scrotal carcinoma behavior is similar to that of the penis, where removal of the lesion and study of the regional lymph nodes help to increase the patient survival rate. The outstanding fact was that three out of six patients were truck drivers, raising the hypothesis that such profession, maybe due to the contact or attrition with the diesel exhaust expelled by the engine or to sexual promiscuity, would imply in a larger risk of developing this rare neoplasia.

Ressecção transuretral da próstata (RTU-P) em pacientes com idade acima de 80 anos: experiência clínica do Hospital Universitário / Transurethral ressection of the prostate (TUR-P) on patientes more than 80 years old: clinical experience of the Hospital Universitario

A hiperplasia prostática benígna (HPB) é uma afecção muito prevalente na população acima de 40 anos, sendo sua incidência progressivamente maior nas faixas etárias mais elevadas o que resulta em um número elevado de procedimentos terapêuticos em indivíduos idosos. Com o objetivo de demonstrar que a ressecção transuretral da próstata é passível de ser realizada em indivíduos idosos, sem aumento significativo de morbidade, estudamos retrospectivamente os pacientes com mais de 80 anos que foram internados no período de janeiro de 1992 a agôsto de 1996 no Departamento de Clínica Cirúrgica do Hospital Universitário, para tratamentocirúrgico da HPB. Dos 45 pacientes internados com este diagnóstico, 35 foram submetidos à RTU-P. Quanto às complicações cirúrgicas peri-operatórias observou-se apenas um caso de sangramento acentuado no pós-operatório imediato. Entre as complicações clínicas encontramos: um caso de fibrilação atrial aguda, um caso de bradicardia, um caso de arrítmia sinusal e um caso de broncoespasmo em um paciente portador de doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica, sendo toda as complicações revertidas clinicamente. O tempo médio de sondagem pós-operatória foi de 3,1 dias e o tempo médio de internação foi de 3,6 dias. Com isso, conclui-se que a RTU-P é um procedimento seguro para o tratamento da HPB no paciente idoso

Reconstruçao do transito com bolsa jejunal horizontal esofagoduodenal apos gastrectomia total / Reconstruction of the digestive tract with horizontal jejunal pouch after total gastrectomy

Com o objetivo de evitar ou reduzir as consequencias e complicaçoes tardias de correntes da gastrectomia total, e proposta uma tecnica de reconstrucao do transito com a construçao de uma bolsa jejunal horizontal interposta entre o esofago e o duodeno. A bolsa e construida utilizando-se uma alça em Y de Roux, dobrada sobre si mesma, na qual e implantado o duodeno. Envolve a realizaçao de quatro anastomoses, tres termino-laterais e uma latero-lateral, sendo a originalidade do modelo a posiçao horizontal da bolsa. Nos ultimos 13 anos, esta tecnica foi empregada em 35 pacientes, 27 portadores de doenças malignas e oito benignas. A mortalidade global foi de 8,5%, nao houve morte no grupo de afecçoes benignas,enquanto que no das malignas tres faleceram (11,1%). Os resultados imediatos e a boa evoluçao no pos-operatorio tardio estimulam a indicaçao desta tecnica no tratamento de afecçoes benignas do estomago e, nas malignas, quando as ressecçoes tiverem carater curativo

Fístula duodeno-cólica: relato de um caso e revisao da literatura / Malignant duodenocolic fistula: report oa a case and review of the literature

As fístulas duodeno-cólica malignas, decorrentes de neoplasia do cólon, é situaçäo pouco freqüente. E relatado um caso tratado por hemicolectomia direita, associado à gastrectomia e duodenectomia parcial. Após revisäo da literatura, säo discutidas as possibilidades cirúrgicas