Impact of dietary oils and fats on lipid peroxidation in liver and blood of albino rats

Objective:To investigate the effects of different dietary fat and oils (differing in their degree of saturation and unsaturation) on lipid peroxidation in liver and blood of rats. Methods:The study was conducted on 50 albino rats that were randomly divided into 5 groups of 10 animals. The groups were fed on dietary butter (Group I), margarine (Group II), olive oil (Group III), sunflower oil (Group IV) and corn oil (Group V) for 7 weeks. After 12 h of diet removal, livers were excised and blood was collected to measure malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the supernatant of liver homogenate and in blood. Blood superoxide dismutase activity (SOD), glutathione peroxidase activity (GPx), serum vitamin E and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels were also measured to determine the effects of fats and oils on lipid peroxidation. Results: The results indicated that no significant differences were observed in SOD activity, vitamin E and TAC levels between the five groups. However, there was significant decrease of GPx activity in groups IV and V when compared with other groups. The results indicated that feeding corn oil caused significant increases in liver and blood MDA levels as compared with other oils and fats. There were positive correlations between SOD and GPx, vitamin E and TAC as well as between GPx and TAC (r:0.743;P Conclusions:The results demonstrated that feeding oils rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) increases lipid peroxidation significantly and may raise the susceptibility of tissues to free radical oxidative damage.

Cuff herniation with laryngeal mask airway

The laryngeal mask airway [LMA] is being widely used for securing the airway in patients undergoing elective surface surgery under general anesthesia. However, use of LMA may involve some medical problems associated with its technical performance as an airway device. We encountered an unusual and potentially serious problem. A 47-year-old, female patient diagnosed as breast cancer underwent wide local excision and sentinel lymph node biopsy under general anesthesia. After induction of anesthesia, a size 4 reusable classic LMA was inserted and the cuff was inflated with 40 ml of air. A few moments after insertion of the LMA, an audible leak was noted. The cuff was inflated with a further 5 ml of air. The audible leak decreased, but did not disappear completely. Anesthesia was maintained but after 20 minutes the audible leak increased and ventilation became difficult. The LMA was removed and another LMA size 4 was inserted again. At the end of the procedure the patient was allowed to recover and the LMA was removed. After 45 minutes patient was discharged from recovery room. An examination of the device showed that there was a LMA cuff herniation

Emerging role of CXCL8 in squamous cell lung carcinoma

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in industrialized countries. CXCL8 is a cytokine that has been shown to exert effects relevant to cancer growth and progression. There are few reports on the clinical roles of CXCL8 in lung cancer progression. The aim of our study was to evaluate the serum levels of CXCL8 and the tissue expression of Bcl-2 and p53 in squamous cell lung cancer patients in order to explore the possible diagnostic role of CXCL8 in squamous cell lung cancer and to clarify the relationship of these markers to each other and with classical clinicopathological factors. Serum and tissue samples were obtained from 50 patients who underwent fibreoptic bronchoscopy for squamous cell lung carcinoma. The tissue expression of both Bcl-2 and p53 proteins in the malignant and control groups were evaluated by ELISA and Western blot. Serum levels of CXCL8 were measured by ELISA. They showed significant increase in the malignant group versus the control group. Regarding the different clinicopathological factors, serum CXCL8 showed significant increase with the histological grades and stages. While no statistical difference was found in the median levels of Bcl-2, p53 as regards the different stages and only p53 showed statistical difference as regards the different histological grades. Concerning the levels of the three investigated biomarkers to each other, p53 and CXCL8 were the only biomarkers that demonstrated a significant correlation. CXCL8 also showed higher sensitivity and specificity in comparison to the other parameters

Carcinoma of periampullary region; histopathological study and correlation with prognosis

Periampullary malignancies are aggressive neoplasms with low survival rates. The factors favoring long-term survival for periampullary neoplasm are related to histopathologic features, site, stage, resection margins and lymph node metastases. To study some clinical and histopathological parameters of cancer head of pancreas and periampullary region. Statistical study of the impact of these parameters on the outcome of malignancy in this region. This study was carried out on 144 cases of penampullary cancers. The clinical data including, pathological data are revised. Special stains and immunohistochemistry are used when necessary. The most common malignant tumor of peniampullary region is carcinoma of ampulla of vater, then cancer head pancreas, then bile duct carcinoma and lastly duodenal carcinoma [43.7%, 40%, 10% and 6.3% respectively]. We found that the median survival of periampullary cancer is 15 months. The prognosis of these malignant tumors is related to site [P=0.0054], size of the tumor [P=0.0005], grade [P=0.0000], lymph node metastasis [P=0.0123] and tumor stage [P=0.0084]. Other parameters including age and sex, local extension and cut margins are statistically of no significant effects on the prognosis. Periampullary carcinomas are aggressive neoplasm with short survival. It seems that our locality shows epidemiologic factors that leads to that the age of patients at time of presentation and prognosis differ from literatures