ABSTRACT
To determine the sequence variant of TLL1 gene [rs1503298, T > C] in three British cohorts [PREDICT, UDACS and ED] of patients with type-2 Diabetes mellitus [T2DM] in order to assess its association with coronary heart disease [CHD]. Analytical study. UCL, London, UK. Participants were genotyped in 2011-2012 for TLL1 SNP. Samples and related information were previously collected in 2001-2003 for PREDICT, and in 2001-2002 for UDACS and ED groups. Patients included in PREDICT [n=600], UDACS [n=1020] and ED [n=1240] had Diabetes. TLL1 SNP [rs1503298, T > C] was genotyped using TaqMan technology. Allele frequencies were compared using c2 test, and tested for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The risk of disease was assessed from Odds ratios [OR] with 95% Confidence Intervals [95% CI]. Moreover, for the PREDICT cohort, the SNP association was tested with Coronary Artery Calcification [CAC] scores. No significant association was found for this SNP with CHD or CAC scores in these cohorts. This SNP could not be confirmed as a risk factor for CHD in T2DM patients. However, the low power of thesmall sample size available is a limitation to the modest effect on risk. Further studies in larger samples would be useful
ABSTRACT
Diabetes mellitus in general and Type 2 Diabetes [T2D] in particular, are very complex diseases with heterogeneous etiology. T2D results from the impaired secretion or action of the insulin with a clinical phenotype of persistent hyperglycemia in the uncontrolled subjects. The disease clinical features appear after several years of latent preclinical asymptomatic conditions. Thus, when the disease is full blown, there are limited chances to reverse the disease phenotype; however, it can be managed by controlling diet, changing life style and using medicines. Understanding pathological mechanisms whereby genetic and/or environmental factors contribute to the development of diabetes is important for the prevention and treatment of the disease. In this regard, approaches such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics are being applied to identify more specific biomarkers for T2D for its early detection, management and devising new therapies. The emphasis of the present review is to provide updates on the applications of proteomics in addressing T2D with a focus on protein based biomarker discovery. Moreover, the idea of personalized medicine and intervention is also discussed for diabetes treatment in proteomics perspective